In which schoolchildren of grades 7-11 and their teachers can take part German language and subject teachers (biology, geography, chemistry, physics and ecology).

The competition is designed to draw students' attention to the environmental problems they face every day in their city or village. Schoolchildren investigate the ecological situation in their city (village), on their street, in their school, for example: water and air quality, soil conditions, energy consumption, flora and fauna, waste, health / nutrition. Based on the results of the study, schoolchildren offer specific ideas and carry out actions aimed at improving the environmental situation and attracting the attention of the general public to it.

Projects selected by the jury at the end of the 2015 competition:

Project: About plastic bottles and toilet paper: eco-events at Goethe Gymnasium No. 23 in Bishkek (Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan)

Heavy traffic in the immediate vicinity of the school leads to elevated level pollution by harmful substances that are equally dangerous for humans and plants.

Project content: To assess the impact of transport on the environment, we took air samples for dust particles, as well as samples of the ground near the school. We recorded significant air pollution in nearby streets, and soil samples had very low PH values. In order to improve the ecological situation and help nature, we planted new plants in the school yard, and also contacted the processing company. In addition, we launched separate waste collection at our school and tried to draw public attention to our environmental campaigns.

Goethe-gymnasium №23

Project team: Diana Igolnikova, Ilyara Izupzhanova, Anastasia Sukhorukova, Chinara Bapyshova (German teacher), Svetlana Paremskaya (chemistry teacher).

Project: Clean and Green Environment (Chambarak, Armenia)

The lack of environmental awareness resulted in the school grounds looking abandoned.

Project content: As part of the project, we cleared the school yard, cleared the river of old tires and planted an orchard. Together with other schoolchildren, teachers, parents and residents of the village, we cultivated the soil of the school yard and planted a total of 27 fruit trees. Additionally, we made our contribution and decorated the school.
Chambarak High School

Project team: Karen Aramyan, Roza Aramyan, Smbat Gabrielyan, Alina Samsonyan (German teacher), Hakob Tizyan (geography teacher)

Project: fast food = almost food? (Gavrilov-Yam, Russia)

Fast food is increasingly becoming one of the main eating habits of people, with absolutely no regard for the health consequences.

Project Scope: As part of the project, we researched the consequences of unhealthy eating habits, conducted a survey in our school about eating habits, and organized educational work about healthy foods. In addition, we prepared interactive classes for schoolchildren, wrote an article for a regional newspaper, and shot a variety of educational videos about healthy eating.

School № 1
Project team: Polina Machina, Daria Zamarenkova, Nadezhda Charkova, Irina Sorokina (German teacher), Evgenia Melkova (biology teacher)

In the photo, a schoolgirl is experimenting with food such as Fast Food

Project: Roadside Cars and Soil: Plants in Danger (Grodno, Belarus)

The growing number of cars increases the already critical content of harmful substances and contributes to environmental pollution.

Project content: Based on various soil samples, we analyzed the results of traffic intensity for the environment. At the same time, we made a phytotest and compared seedlings of white mustard seeds with each other. To have a positive impact on environment, we held eco-actions at school, told passers-by about the problem, and also planted shrubs and trees in our yards.

Secondary School #28

Project team: Alyaksey Karpeychuk, Ilona Minko, Alena Ttsialyak, Tatiana Smolka (German teacher), Alena Kostsikava (biology teacher)

In the photo: schoolchildren study the condition of plants on the roadside.

Project: Is Magnitogorsk really clean and green? (Magnitogorsk, Russia)

Domestic and industrial waste and massive air pollution pose a threat to the environment.

Project content: Environmental pollution is a very multifaceted topic, so we analyzed two of the most pressing problems - the lack of separate waste collection and industrial air pollution. Through visits to waste disposal companies, we were able to see the great potential for waste recycling. After conducting experiments, we have established the harm to the environment from burning garbage. Also, within the framework of the project, we held a large campaign for the separate collection of garbage, as well as a campaign for the collection of old things, and planted spruce trees in the school yard.

Secondary school №6

Project team: Vasilina Varyukha, Dmitry Babushkin, Regina Galimova, Svetlana Shamshurina (German teacher), Tatyana Yemets (biology teacher)

Project: Prevention of the process of desertification, reconstruction of degrading landscapes and creation of a "green oasis" in our school territory (Shashubay, Kazakhstan)

Unfavorable climatic and ecological conditions of the North-Balkhash region lead to soil erosion and the formation of a desert.

Project content: We were studying the impact of the harsh climate on the flora of our region and were looking for ways to prevent the process of desertification. Together with the school and the entire village, we held project sessions and discussions to convey to all residents the importance of the problem. In cooperation with various sponsors, villagers and numerous representatives of local authorities, we developed a large beautification project "Green Oasis" and successfully implemented it together. We have planted 550 seedlings of trees resistant to the local climate.

Complex school-kindergarten

Project team: Kristina Dylgina, Valeria Burdman, Yana Dylgina, Dametken Tasbulatova (German teacher), Yulia Kogay (ecology teacher)

In the photo, schoolchildren study the composition of the soil from the school grounds.

Project: This is how the Curonian Spit begins (Zelenogradsk/Kaliningrad region, Russia)

The residents of the city lack understanding of the exceptional value of the Curonian Spit nature reserve, so the protection it needs is lacking; and pollution of the natural area threatens the extinction of many species.

Project content: First of all, we were engaged in the study of the ecological significance of the wet habitat of plants and animals on the territory of the Curonian Spit. They also determined the possibility of a threat to this nature reserve from the nearby rapidly developing city of Zelenogradsk. We proceeded from the fact that all residents are ready to protect the environment, but they lack information about the importance and uniqueness of the protected area. Therefore, we developed a thematic nature trail, and materials about our plans and results were published in local newspapers. We believe that an ecological trail can introduce local residents to a unique natural area without interfering with nature.

Gymnasium "Vector"

Project team: Vlada Karelina, Daria Mezhui, Nazar Lukashev, Valeria Wall (German teacher), Maxim Napreenko (biology teacher)

Project: Water and synthetic cleaning products (Chelyabinsk, Russia)

Water is under considerable threat due to the chemicals contained in synthetic cleaners.

Project content: First, we conducted a survey among schoolchildren and found out which cleaning products they use most often. Then, based on the frequency of their use, all cleaning products were categorized. Through two different experiments, we found out how harmful synthetic cleaners and natural soaps are to the environment - and we talked about it in the school newspaper. In addition, we were engaged in the production of natural soaps and discovered an environmentally friendly alternative to the usual chemical cleaners. In the future, we want to hold workshops on this topic, as well as inform schoolchildren about the dangers of synthetic cleaning products through posters.

Gymnasium №96

Project team: Irina Zhukova, Marina Belozerova, Anastasia Dron, Olga Bannikova (German teacher), Ekaterina Gorvat (chemistry teacher)

Project: Eco-cleaning products (Tula, Russia)

Chemicals contained in cleaners and detergents enter the wastewater, cannot be completely filtered out and pose a risk to our health.

Project content: In order to reduce environmental pollution, in our project we are considering alternative cleaning and washing products for the home. After we analyzed the ingredients in cleaning products and came to the conclusion that they are dangerous for the environment, we focused on producing an environmentally friendly enzyme that can replace traditional cleaning products. After receiving positive results from the use of eco-cleaning products, we talked about this idea.

Project team: Egor Turkov, Daria Anufrieva, Arina Lifanova, Svetlana Lifanova (German teacher), Marina Starina (chemistry teacher)

Project: New life of a water source (Zugdidi, Georgia)

The village of Akhalsopeli suffers from a lack of water, as the water from the only source is constantly disappearing.

Project content: We set ourselves the task of stopping the mass disappearance of spring water in our village, as well as holding an action in support of the re-launch of the only open-air pool. Thanks to economical water management, the outdoor pool could be filled with spring water. Therefore, to begin with, we cleaned the source itself and the area around it, installed a protective structure made of bamboo, and then carried out educational work with the population of the village.
Akhalsopeli Comprehensive School

Team: Mariam Jojua, Tamta Jojua, Mariam Sherozia, Kobalia Tzitzino (German teacher), Kitia Ketevan (ecology teacher)

Project: When the trees were green... (Moscow, Russia)

The growing number of parking spaces threatens the few trees that still grace the city.

Project content: The aim of our project was to establish causation between the emergence of new parking spaces and the extinction of trees. We conducted an interdisciplinary study: not only took soil samples and collected information about trees, but also learned about the rules for handling plants during roadworks. The following problem was identified: the city lacks the necessary irrigation system. We have developed numerous recommendations, as well as talked about our project at school and on the Internet.

School №1179
Project team: Alina Anosova, Alina Poghosyan, Daniil Sidorov, Anna Tsukanova (German teacher), Natalia Kislyak (biology teacher)

In the photo, schoolchildren examine the condition of the leaves with a microscope.

Project: Consequences of feeding birds in the water. Research work of schoolchildren on the Mirosha River
(Pskov, Russia)

Environmental pollution and massive feeding of birds threaten the quality of water and the diversity of the wildlife of the Mirosha River.

The content of the project: The project of our initiative group is devoted to the study of the impact of feeding birds in water bodies on the environment. By becoming interested in our local ecosystem, we were able to establish a link between bird feeding and deteriorating water quality. In order to draw the attention of Pskov residents to the consequences of their actions, we installed an information board in the park “It is forbidden to feed the birds” and talked about it on the Internet.

School No. 11
Project team: Olga Stepanova, Sergey Solovyov, Elizaveta Terentyeva, Yulia Mikhailova (German teacher), Anastasia Frolova (geography teacher)

Project: Start saving energy yourself! (Rivne, Ukraine)

The growing need for energy around the world causes a number of environmental problems - an increase in the emission of harmful substances and environmental pollution.

Project Scope: Although we recognize that we will not be able to introduce sustainable energy processing technologies around the world, we still decided to take the initiative of responsible energy consumption in our city. To this end, we have developed detailed information brochures on saving energy, held educational lessons in our school and a drawing competition on the relevant topic. In addition, we prepared recommendations for saving energy and tested them in practice.

Lyceum №12
Project team: Anastasia Vavryk, Oksana Melnichuk, Oleksandra Trush, Olga Moroz (German teacher), Lyudmila Bondaruk (physics teacher)

Project: Determining the concentration of carbon dioxide in the premises of the gymnasium using a self-made gas analyzer (St. Petersburg, Russia)

Elevated indoor carbon dioxide is a serious factor that causes headaches, fatigue and cardiovascular disease, as well as having a negative impact on other health indicators.

Project Scope: Since we know the effects of elevated carbon dioxide levels, as part of our project, we measured the concentration of carbon dioxide in the premises of our school and compared them with normal levels. We independently developed the design of the gas analyzer and learned about the method of chemical measurements. Fortunately, all carbon dioxide emissions are in the normal range, but we still recommend that you keep the rooms well ventilated.

Gymnasium №116 Primorsky district

Project team: Roman Gubenko, Alina Ivanova, Mikhail Mezentsev, Tatiana Khorunzhaya (German teacher), Tatiana Puzikova (chemistry teacher)

Project: Ecological laboratory. Along the forest protection paths of Mordovia. (Saransk, Russia)

Cutting down trees, pollution and other problems caused by human activities threaten the forests of Mordovia.

Project content: Since approximately one third of the Republic of Mordovia is covered with forests, these gifts of nature are not appreciated enough by many local residents. To draw the attention of schoolchildren and residents of Saransk to the beauty of the forests, we prepared an interactive environmental laboratory, hung posters, held a waste collection campaign and developed an ecological trail.

Gymnasium №20
Project team: Maria Dolgaeva, Alexander Patkin, Anastasia Shibaeva, Tatyana Sharashkina (German teacher), Yulia Vardanyan (geography teacher)

MAOU "Bondyugskaya main comprehensive school»

Bondyuzhskaya school - an environmentally friendly system

The work was done by a 7th grade student.

Starikova Anna

Head teacher of biology

Kosheleva Tatyana Vitalevna

s. Bondyug - 2015

Content:

I .Introduction - the relevance of the study, goals and objectives, methods of work………………………………………………………………………………….......

1

II .The main part is the theoretical, practical part of the study……………………………………………………………………..

2-11

III . Conclusion - conclusions on the work done…………………………………………………………………………………

IV .Bibliography……………………………………………………………………. fourteen

11-13

The relevance of research

The man of the future is all-round developed personality living in harmony with the surrounding world and with itself, acting within the framework of ecological necessity. The formation of ecological culture is a person's awareness of his belonging to the world around him, unity with it, the awareness of the need to take responsibility for the implementation of the self-sustaining development of civilization and conscious inclusion in this process.

This research work is devoted to the problem of a healthy home. Environmentally dirty houses are not the fantasies of scientists and specialists, but a real fact that many people suffer from. The ideal home is not only a building for shelter. The home should be a place free from harmful influences that supports physical, mental and social well-being.

The main habitat of a person is his home. We spend a lot of time at school, so we can say that it is also our home. We study here, we do extracurricular activities. The school is our "fortress", in which conditions for work and rest must be provided.

Every year the school is renovated and new equipment is purchased.

TARGETS AND GOALS : Find out if the school is an ecological system. Determine the composition and structure of the ecosystem. identify favorable and adverse factors in the school ecosystem. To get acquainted with the methods of obtaining qualitative and quantitative indicators of the ecological state of the school environment. Learn to use the acquired knowledge to predict further changes in the human environment and design solutions to environmental problems.

WORKING METHODS : Study. Literature work.

Theoretical part

"Eco" means "home", our habitat. And the sphere of habitation is, first of all, our apartment and school office.

Health begins at home and at school, and our goal is to turn them into an impregnable fortress against all diseases. School, home. What do we know about them and their impact on health?

The problem of the ecological state of the premises, its so-called health, is quite relevant today, since we spend a lot of time at school, and in order to avoid harm to health, it is necessary to follow a number of rules to avoid exposure to harmful environmental factors.

Hypothesis : Our school - ecological system, environmentally friendly system?

Practical part

Research 1. Is school an ecosystem?

The school has indoor plants - PRODUCERS. There is a person in the school, "uninvited guests" mice (this is our assumption, because we did not find them) - CONSUMERS. The school has bacteria, saprophytic mites, fungi- REDUCERS.

Conclusion: The school is an ecosystem.

Study 2: Greening the school . I believe that there are a lot of indoor plants in our school: in recreations, classrooms. We do not have a single room that does not have plants, and most of all flowers are in the biology room. We have a total of 211 indoor plants at our school. All indoor plants are in good condition, teachers and students take care of them.

We are surrounded by smells everywhere. It became interesting to me: “Do the smells of our plants affect our body? How useful are the plants growing in the classrooms of our school? I decided to check whether the smells of plants affect some of the body's functions related to the maintenance of working capacity - functions of a stimulating effect, depressing ones that affect our well-being.

plant name

The benefits of plants

Balsam

Balsam is mostly used as an ornamental plant, but in folk medicine it is also used for medicinal purposes.

Geranium

It contains substances that destroy viruses and bacteria, eliminates insomnia, treats neurosis, and in winter, on cloudy days, protects against stress and depression, relieves fatigue and improves mood.

Dracaena

Benzene contains linoleum. Dracaena neutralizes it.

Ivy

Humidifies the air, but also neutralizes a bunch of chemical "additives": formaldehyde, benzene, ethylbenzene, toluene.It destroys fungi and bacteria, has an anti-inflammatory effect..

ficus

Absorbs ammonia, and also improves the energy atmosphere in the house and stimulates the activity of its inhabitants, relieves internal stress and gives self-confidence. We can tell you with confidence that the ficus does not deserve notoriety, it is a good plant.

Chlorophytum

Eliminates odors

Cactus

They have bactericidal properties, cacti can protect a person from harmful electromagnetic radiation, reducing the ionization of indoor air. That is why it is recommended to place cacti in close proximity to a TV or computer screen, but at the same time the plant should receive enough light: after all, cacti are plants of hot countries.

Tradescantia

Reduces the influence of electromagnetic radiation.

Fat woman (money tree)

The rounded leaves of the plant neutralize all negative energy, emotions, careless words associated with a lack of finances. The fat woman will purify the air in the room, relieve stress and fatigue. All this is so important for success and health.

Saintpaulia (Uzanbar violet)

Violet contains all substances and elements useful for the human body. The plant has anti-inflammatory, diuretic, laxative and antimicrobial properties. It is also used as a good pain reliever and sedative. In addition, this plant is often used to lower blood pressure. .

Violet herb is used to treat bronchitis, sore throat and whooping cough. A decoction of violet helps to improve well-being with bronchitis, , pneumonia and suffocation.

In addition, violet can be used to treat all kinds of skin diseases. A decoction of the plant will help improve overall well-being after an illness.

Begonia

Royal begonia actively fights poisonous substances, and is also a symbol of material well-being.

plant name

Oppressive action

Geranium

During the flowering periodsuch an abundance of odorous essential oils is released that they can cause headaches, vomiting.

Primrose

Primrose flowers and leaves can cause hives and eczema on human skinprone to allergic reactions if he touches the plant with his hands. And sometimes even the smell of blooming primrose causes allergies. It is not recommended for such people to breed it at home. After caring for primrose alsohands should be washed with soap.

Chlorophytum

Leaves should not be allowed to be eaten by children. Rough leaves can injure delicate mucous membranes

ficus

Has no oppressive action

Euphorbia (euphobia)

He is very dangerous. The juice of the plant has the appearance of white milk, a pungent odor and can cause skin irritation, burns and allergies. When the juice gets on the mucous membrane, ulcers form, in the eye - inflammation and temporary blindness. If a milkweed leaf ends up in the stomach of a child or animal, this will lead to severe vomiting, diarrhea and convulsions..

Diefenbachia

All parts of the plant are dangerous.

Conclusion: Indoor plants are useful, but only if you choose the “right” flowers for each individual person (or family), that is, those that do not cause negative reactions.

At our school, we have the minimum of plants that it is desirable to have for everyone who cares at least a little about themselves and their relatives. Plants destroy poisonous substances. But it would be desirable that classrooms - physics, geography, computer science - be better planted.

Study 3. Results of the evaluation of the interior decoration of the premises . Materials used in the construction and finishing works at our school.

Material name

Degree harmful effects

on the human body

Wood

environmentally friendly material

iron fittings

environmentally friendly material

Glass

environmentally friendly material

Oil paint

Toxic effects of heavy me-

thalls and organic solvents

Wood chip and wood

environmentally friendly material

spring fiber boards

Linoleum

Compliant

Concrete

Radiation source.

Lime

Environmentally friendly material.

At high humidity, lime

– environmentally

Conclusion: Most materialsused in the construction and finishing works at our school are environmentally friendly.

The influence of colors on the body and the volume of rooms

I examined the classes about the color scale on the human body

Color

Volume

Health impact

Influence on the psyche

yellow

increases

Treats depression, strengthens nerves, stimulates, warms, increases spasms of smooth muscles

Helps to focus creative activity, pleases, amuses

Orange

increases

Stimulates, warms, excites. Increases blood pulsation without raising pressure, improves digestion, irritates in large quantities nervous system, contributes to the active work of the kidneys, bladder. Beneficial for strengthening bones and hair

Pleases, uplifts, invigorates, relieves fatigue, fights depression

red

increases

Excites, warms, stimulates metabolism, improves digestion and increases appetite, increases blood pressure, stimulates physical activity

Pleases, sometimes causes a certain amount of fear

White - computer science

increases

Has a neutralizing effect, somewhat soothes

Reduces irritation, somewhat soothes

violet

reduces

At the same time, it calms and slightly invigorates, stimulates the brain, as well as the production of the hormone melatonin, which relieves depression and rejuvenates the body. Increases endurance. Can be depressing in large numbers

Soothes, slightly depresses, lowers mood, causes melancholy and gloomy thoughts

Green - biology, grade 8

neutral

Lowers blood pressure, increases tone, reduces insomnia. Reduces pain and helps mobilize the will. Promotes cell regeneration, strengthens the nervous system, stabilizes cardiac activity.

Soothes with nervous overwork and reduces irritability.

Blue - class of Lyudmila Sergeevna

reduces the width

Reduces blood pressure, increases focus and helps focus. Calms the pulse and slows down breathing, reduces pain, relaxes muscles and stops inflammation. Suppresses appetite, reduces visual acuity, has a beneficial effect on the respiratory system. Concentrates attention

Helps to focus, causes a feeling of peace, relieves emotional stress

Blue - grades 1-4, 5, 6, 7, grades.

Helps with diseases associated with metabolism, central nervous system, diseases of the throat and respiratory system

Reduces stress, calms

Conclusion : After analyzing the state of our school from an environmental point of view, I decided that the color scheme has a beneficial effect on the body of students.

Study 4. Results of the assessment of artificial lighting in classrooms .

The test was carried out in 3 classrooms - computer science, Russian language and 1st grade. In all classes, the level of artificial lighting corresponds to the normative values ​​established by clause 7.2.4. SanPiN 2.4.2.2821-10. "Sanitary - epidemiological requirements for the conditions and organization of education in educational institutions."

Conclusion : There are good lighting conditions in the classrooms. This was confirmed by the doctor for general hygiene - I.V. Belin.

Study 5. Results of the water quality study .

Polluted water, entering our body, causes 80% of known diseases and accelerates the aging of the body by 30%. Characteristics of the water of our school: the water is clear; turbidity is not marked; earthy smell.

In the studied samples of swabs from environmental objects, sanitary-indicative microorganisms (bacteria of the Escherichia coli group) were not found. The check was carried out by the head of the department of the microbiological laboratory L.S. Sazhina, as well as the epidemiologist L.A. Dymochko.

Conclusion : Water can be consumed, microorganisms are not detected.

Study 6: Dust Study .

Any dust is a set of allergens, the main of which is a microscopic mite.

Determination of the relative dust content of air in school premises.

To complete the work, I needed: water, a microscope with a ""x40" lens (fortyfold magnification), a pipette, coverslips and slides for the microscope.

I applied 1 drop of water to four glass slides.

Slides for 15 minutes were installed at a height of 1 m from the floor:
glass slide No. 1 in the biology class during recess,
glass slide No. 2 in the corridor during recess,
glass slide No. 3 in the biology class during the lesson,
glass slide #4 in the hallway during the lesson.

Then she covered the drop with dust particles settled on it with a cover glass, thus preparing a micropreparation. The micropreparation was placed on the microscope stage. We achieved such an increase that the area of ​​the drop was as large as possible in the field of view of the microscope.

P Counted the number of dust particles in a drop and described their composition:

№ micro

drug

Sampling location

Number of dust particles in the field of view

Location

dust particles

Dimensions

The form

1

in biology class during recess

One by one

small

oblong, round

2

in the hallway during recess

One by one

small

Round

3

in class during class

One by one

large

oblong, round

4

in the hallway during class

One at a time, in small clusters

Large, medium size

Round

Conclusion: Thus, the relative dustiness of school premises during the break is much greater than during the lesson. During the break, there is more dust in the corridors of the school, and during the lesson - in the classroom. This is due to the location of the main number of students.

Study 7. The results of the assessment of temperature in the school .

From conversations with teachers and students, I found out that at temperatures

no one complained about the new regime at school.

In terms of temperature parameters, classrooms comply with norms of normative documents

1.SanPiN and N 2.4.2.1178-02 "Hygienic requirements in educational institutions".

2. GOST 30494-96 Residential and public buildings. Indoor microclimate parameters. General hygiene doctor T.A.Ananoeva, deputy head A.S. Bulygin.

Conclusion: The result obtained in terms of temperature corresponds to the norm.

Study 8: Computer Study .

Research was carried out at the workplaces of students at the measurement points.

1. Tension electric field in the low frequency range corresponds.

2. Density magnetic flux in the low frequency range corresponds.

3. The intensity of the electric field in the low-frequency range corresponds to the temporarily permissible levels of the VDU.

4. The density of the magnetic flux in the high-frequency range corresponds to the assessment of the magnetic flux, was carried out according to: SanPin 2.2.2. /2.4. 1340-03 “Hygienic requirements for personal electronic computers and organization of work” - conducted by hygienist S.M. Bubnov, deputy head of the ILC A.M. Bulygin.

Conclusion: Computers comply with GOST.

Conclusions on the work done

MAOU « Bondyuzh basic comprehensive school” is an environmentally friendly system. The school complies with all the necessary rules to preserve the health of students, teachers, staff. "Uninvited guests" (consumers) were not found in the school ((the premises are regularly derattized).

Ventilate rooms as often as possible. try to maintain constant temperature in a school corresponding to thermal comfort or cool category. Use natural materials for decoration. Comply with the rules for using computers. Plants are living beings with a strong biofield that can affect a person. And the general atmosphere of the school and the well-being of its inhabitants depend on whether we are able to choose the right indoor plants. Regularly carry out wet cleaning. Substances that pollute outerwear are air pollutants, so you need to use a wardrobe. Air pollution in the school depends on the state of the air outside (external sources). It is necessary to continue work on landscaping the school site.

It is very important to pay as much attention to your home as possible, because the most important thing depends on the state of a person’s habitat - this is health.

Conclusion

The school is typical artificial ecosystem heterotrophic type, reminiscent of our village in miniature. Like a village, it exists due to the flow of energy and resources into it. Its main inhabitants are students, teachers and those who ensure its smooth functioning. Tasks modern school concerns not only the upbringing and education of the rising generation of Russians, but concern for their state of health.

The following factors can influence the quality and safety of the school environment:

• School location;

  Capacity;

  Air-thermal parameters of the microclimate of school classrooms

  Parameters of interior decoration of premises;

  Lighting parameters;

  landscaping;

  The quality of equipment, furniture and their arrangement.

The topic of research is multifaceted and not fully disclosed by me. However, it aroused my interest and desire not only to continue its study, but to find ways to solve the established environmental problems.

On the territory of the school in the summer, work on landscaping the school grounds will continue, environmental clean-up days will be held to improve the territory.

List of used literature

1. Alekseev, S.V. Ecology. Textbook for students in grades 10-11 general education. institutions [Text] / S.V. Alekseev. – St. Petersburg: SMIO Press, 1999.- 240p.

2. Biology and ecology. 10 - 11 classes: project activities of students [Text] / ed. - comp. M.V. Vysotskaya. - Volograd: Teacher, 2008. - 203p.

3. Hygienic requirements for the conditions of education of schoolchildren in various types of modern educational institutions. SanPin 2.4.2. 1178 - 02 [Electronic resource] /www. school. edu. en //

4. Kirpichev, V.I. Physiology and hygiene of the younger student: a guide for the teacher [Text] / V.I.Kirpichev. - M.: VLADOS, 2002. - 144 p.

5. Kuzmina, E. Indoor plants are our defenders [Text] / E. Kuzmina / / My favorite flowers. - 2008. No. 22 (82), October. S.2-3.

6. Mirkin, B.M. Ecology of Russia. Textbook for 9-11 cells. general education schools [Text] / B.M. Mirkin, Naumova L.G. –M.: Sustainable world, 2000.- 272p.

7. Chudinova, L.E. Toxic substances in classrooms and plants that neutralize them. Electronic edition / E.A. Chudinova, A. Avilov. - TU GETK, 2008.

8. Wikipedia site

Municipal general educational institution

"Average secondary school No. 6 "

Environmental project

We are for a clean city

10th grade student

Sheludyakova Anastasia

Scientific adviser:

biology and ecology teacher

Karyachkina T.A.

g.o. Saransk

I. Introduction…………………………………………………………

1. Relevance of the chosen topic
2. Goals and objectives of the study
3. Subject of research. problem question
4. Hypothesis
5. Research methods
6. Stages of work on the project

II. Main part. Theoretical aspect...…………

Waste classification.

Waste management: collection, removal, use, neutralization.

Danger of waste.

4. What does recycling give for nature and man

III. Main part. Practical aspect………………

Object of study.

Research methodology: questioning.

questionnaire questions.

Answer analysis. Conclusions.

What is the use of separate waste?

Implementation of a separate waste system.

What is it for in our village?

Project plan development:

a) Collection of data on waste processing. Conclusion.
b) Making a plan.

IV. Conclusion…………………………………………………….

V. References…………………………………………

I.Introduction

Relevance of the chosen topic.

Relevance of the topic There is no doubt that each of us throws away a huge amount of garbage. So, the average city dweller annually produces about 300 kg or 1.5 m 3 of waste per year. In terms of weight, this is comparable to an average elk, and in terms of volume - with three large refrigerators. Imagine how much waste is generated in an apartment building. How many houses are there in our city? According to official data, 40 million tons of household waste per year (ie waste from the residential sector) is thrown away in Russia. In total, more than 4.5 billion tons of garbage enter landfills annually. Remember that the waste of the city is made up of the waste of each inhabitant. This does not include construction or industrial waste. Moreover, we throw away garbage both in an organized way (in garbage cans, bins, etc.) and in an unorganized way. Poisonous substances that end up in landfills (in used batteries, accumulators, as well as in rotting and decaying food products) penetrate into groundwater, which is often used as a source of drinking water, and are dispersed by winds in the surrounding area, thereby causing damage to the environment. Some products Rotting can ignite spontaneously, so fires regularly occur in landfills, during which soot, phenol, and other toxic substances are released into the atmosphere.

Of all the global environmental problems that mankind has entered the 21st century with: a population explosion, the ozone layer, acid precipitation, the growth of household waste, the depletion of fossil natural resources, the lack of clean fresh water and others, today the problem of the growth of household waste is considered relevant.

The experience of the world practice of burying the amount of solid domestic and industrial waste at landfills and landfills: Russia up to 90%, USA - 73%, Germany - 70%, Japan - 30%. The increasing accumulation of municipal solid waste leads to an increase in greenhouse gas emissions and groundwater pollution, which are among the most acute environmental problems.

Targets and goals.

Target: prove the need for separate collection of garbage in the village.

Tasks.

Compile a questionnaire and conduct a social survey among students of school No. 6

Analyze the results of the survey.

Explore the Separate Garbage Program.

Subject of study. Problem question.

Subject of study: garbage collection in the village of Pushkarskie settlements

Problem question: will separate waste collection affect the ecological situation in the city.

Hypothesis.

At the beginning of the study, I conducted a survey, as a result of which a hypothesis took shape: if we organize the collection of separate waste in the village, this will have a positive effect on the ecological situation of the city of Saransk.

Research methods.

1. Search method:

Use of Internet resources
- Finding information about pollution and the implementation of the "Separate Waste" project

2. Monitoring method:
- Questioning
- Analysis of incidence statistics

6. Stages of work on the project.

1. Definition of the field of study.
2. Collecting the necessary information.
3. Conducting a survey and testing.
4. Determining the structure of the research work.
5. Summing up.
6. Registration of work.

II . Main part. Theoretical aspect

Waste classification.

Garbage separation(separative waste collection, waste sorting, waste separation) and selective waste collection - actions for sorting and collecting waste, depending on its origin. Waste separation is done in order to avoid mixing different types garbage and environmental pollution. This process allows waste to be given a “second life”, in most cases due to its secondary use and recycling. Separating waste helps prevent it from decomposing, rotting and burning in landfills. Consequently, the harmful impact on the environment is reduced (Wikipedia).

Today, garbage is becoming more dangerous and toxic, no microorganisms are able to decompose it. Today, there is an active search for microorganisms that are capable of decomposing plastic, it occupies a huge amount of space and simply does not decompose in nature.

Classification of garbage according to the degree of danger is carried out for various materials:

Water pollutants

Air pollutants

Chemical substances

All workings can be classified into the following classes:

Extremely hazardous waste materials

Highly hazardous materials

Moderately Hazardous Waste Materials

Low-hazard salvage

Practically harmless substances

Waste management: collection, removal, use, neutralization.

In any case, civilized countries have long come to the conclusion that garbage must be properly disposed of and recycled. In Russia, despite the vast expanses, garbage is also becoming a serious problem. A bill is being discussed in the Russian Duma, according to which separate waste collection will be introduced, and the waste will have an owner - the one who should be responsible for them at every stage, from collection to processing. Indeed, at present, many attractive suburban areas are occupied by landfills. Therefore, the authorities of large Russian megacities are already puzzled by this problem, starting to accustom residents to sorting household waste. This is how a proposal is being considered for organizing special sorting rooms in new buildings on each floor, where each resident could separate their garbage. At the same time, the construction of waste processing enterprises is underway, where it is planned to receive and re-send to industrial production recyclables: waste paper, ferrous and non-ferrous metals and much more. But, unfortunately, in society there is both a lack of environmental education among people, and a lack of bins for separate waste collection on city streets.

The strategy of the future should be considered, first of all, the education of the younger generation, respect for the natural environment, the expansion of knowledge, skills and vitality in the management of technological processes, the search for new design solutions for the separate collection of waste and their processing, which will ensure the interests of present and future generations and preserve the nature of the planet Earth. After all

processing allows you to: 1) save valuable natural resources necessary for the production of any product; 2) save water and energy in the production of goods from recycled materials; 3) reduce waste generated from the extraction of resources and the production of goods; 4) reduce the number of landfills and much more. But the widespread processing of waste is possible only as a result of their separation at the place of their formation, i.e. at home, at work, street, enterprise. This is called separate waste collection (SW).

Waste management

In the twentieth century, the amount of production and consumption waste increased so rapidly that the generation of waste became important issue big cities and large industries. Along with a large amount of waste, the issue of a lack of natural resources has become acute. selective collection and subsequent use of secondary resources partially helps to reduce the burden on the environment and solve the issue of additional production of raw materials.

Waste disposal

Some wastes require disposal before disposal in landfills, landfills or dumps.

One of the largest industrial wastes is coal-containing waste. Modern scientific developments allow you to neutralize most of the industrial waste, reduce its volume and ensure maximum safety. Today, the disposal of hazardous waste can be carried out by thermal, physico-chemical, chemical and other methods. So, with the help of redox reactions, substitution reactions, various toxic and dangerous compounds are transferred into an insoluble form.

Danger of waste.

The danger of waste is determined by their physical and chemical properties, as well as the conditions of their storage or placement in the environment.

For waste, it is necessary to draw up a waste passport, determine the hazard class and limits for waste disposal in the environment, limits for accumulation at the enterprise and other documents.

The concept of "Hazardous Waste" is used in the following cases:

Waste poses a risk to human health and/or to the normal state of the environment. natural environment.

Hazard class of harmful substances - conditional value, designed for a simplified classification of potentially hazardous substances. The hazard class is established in accordance with industry regulations. For different objects - for chemicals, for waste, for air pollutants, etc. - different standards and indicators have been established.

What does recycling give to nature and man

In the manufacture of products from recycled materials, the consumption of non-renewable resources, such as metals, oil, natural gas, wood, etc., is reduced.

This helps protect natural areas and the diversity of life on Earth.

Typically, the production of products from recycled materials requires much less energy than the production from virgin raw materials. As a result of reducing the amount of energy used, air and water pollution is reduced.

Other types of pollution are also reduced, such as runoff from mining, soil erosion and chemical elements when extracting raw materials.

Thanks to recycling, the amount of waste entering the MSW landfills is significantly reduced. This will extend the life of landfills and reduce the area they occupy, for example, recycling one ton of PET bottles saves about 4 m 3 of the landfill area.

22. III. Main part. Practical aspect research.

    At the beginning of the study, I conducted a survey among the younger generation, which will later make up the main population of our village, since an important point in the plan is public opinion and readiness for selective waste collection. It was the survey that became the basis for my project.

    For the survey were selected students of MAOU secondary school No. 3 / age 14-17 years /.

Research methodology.

a) Questioning

To study the readiness of a teenager, the students were offered a questionnaire, answering which the students had to tell about their attitude to the separate collection of garbage.

questionnaire questions.
1. How often do you buy products in plastic packaging?
2. Would you agree to hand over paper to a waste paper collection point?
3. Do you have a positive attitude towards separate waste?
4. Is it possible to implement "separate waste" in the village?
5. Do you think it would be worth reopening the return of glass bottles?
6. Do you keep the streets, parks, forests, etc. clean?
7. Would you volunteer to clean your house?
8. Are you ready to sort your family's household waste?
9. What would motivate you to sort your garbage?

Survey results. Answer analysis.

General conclusion: it is obvious that 100% separate collection, that is, the participation of the entire population in it, is impossible. Thus, in practice, an intermediate option can be implemented, providing for the processing of both separately collected and mixed waste. At the same time, the higher the proportion of citizens participating in the sorting of waste at the places of their formation, the lower the costs for waste processing.

What are the benefits of separate garbage collection?

Firstly, it is care for the environment. Pollution adversely affects human health, especially in modern world. In Russia, waste is disposed of by incineration, and all harmful emissions enter the atmosphere. But besides this, garbage decomposes for a long time (especially plastic). If a person leaves it in forest areas, this will worsen the fertility of the soil. That is why it is important not only to collect separate garbage, but also to teach order in nature.

Secondly, recycling. The more production will use secondary raw materials, the more natural resources we will save; reduce the amount of emissions into the atmosphere from garbage incineration; the ecological condition of settlements will improve.

Saransk together with settlements, subordinate to his administration, has a health index of 35%, ranking last in 23rd place among administrative regions Republic of Mordovia. In total, out of 19 studied parameters, 63% of indicators in the territory of Saransk are the worst or exceed the average value for the republic.

In the municipality of Saransk, where 346.4 thousand inhabitants, or 37% of the population of the republic, currently live, a difficult environmental situation has developed. The territory of the city is located in the area of ​​intense aerosol, water, noise and thermal pollution.

Third, the reduction of diseases. Our health is directly dependent on the state of the environment. Selective waste collection and recycling is the key to a healthy generation.

Fourth, cost reduction. When delivering garbage, a lot of money is spent on its transportation and incineration. Separate waste collection will reduce costs, because. Many recycling companies pick up their own waste from dumpsters.

Conclusion: selective waste collection has a positive effect on the environment and human health, reduces costs, which is important for society.

Implementation of a separate waste collection system.

How would such a system work? sociological research was preceded by an environmental action that was held at the school from 2014–2016. It was attended by the entire teaching staff and students of the school. During these years we have been conducting research on the issue of waste and recycling. As part of the environmental campaign, the following events were held:

2. public hearings;

   Brochures, calendars, leaflets were distributed;

   Organized exhibitions of works;

   Conclusion: This method of garbage collection is profitable and convenient. But it is important to interest the people who will support the new order.

What is it for in our village?

It would seem that the village is located next to the Botanical Garden, a forest belt, a small industrial production. Why do we need separate garbage?

Pushkar settlements are a growing settlement. Firstly, the village is located near the airport. Many residents of the village visit the city quite often and, returning, would like to breathe fresh air. Secondly, the population is growing, and with it, the amount of waste is growing. With a population of 1,300 people, approximately the village produces 1,950 kilograms daily. It is unimaginable even to imagine how much garbage is generated from our population (711,750 kg) per year. Thirdly, parents want their children to grow up healthy. Fourthly, in addition to the fact that there are emissions from burning garbage, the number of cars is also increasing. Fifthly, the village is located near the highway, on both sides there are bypass roads, from where exhaust gases also come.

Conclusion: there is a need for selective garbage collection. Having studied the "pluses" of the program, we see that it will help improve the ecological situation of the village, as the situation in the city will improve.

"A million for a separate fee."

I discovered this project while researching the Greenpeace website. Its goal is to collect a million signatures under an appeal to mayors of cities and governors of regions with a demand to make it mandatory to install tanks for separate waste collection in every yard, to enshrine this method of waste management in law and to approve the rules for garbage collection and normal maintenance of sites where waste is collected.

“Speaking of separate collection, we mean a solution specific problem, which concerns each of us, our home, yard, city. After all, separate collection is, first of all, the health of our children, who will not have to inhale the air poisoned by incinerators. This is our clean yard, these are the parks that will surround our city.” ("Greenpeace")

The project started recently, but is already gaining momentum. We can take part in this and contribute to the protection of the environment.

Development of a project plan for the village of Pushkarskiye settlements.

To develop a project plan, I needed to find information about recyclable products. Also, after each, information about the reception points is indicated.

waste paper- waste from the production, processing and consumption of all types of paper and cardboard, suitable for further use as a fibrous raw material.

There are 2 waste paper collection points in the republic on the street. Promyshlennaya-1 and CJSC Energia - st. Proletarskaya d. 132, which accept different kind waste paper: paper, cardboard, books (with and without hardcover), typographical waste paper, etc. Each company has self-delivery (minimum - from 200 kg.). As the information on the sites indicates, the price depends on the quality of the paper. There are also organizations that post ads on social networks.

Thus, there are waste paper collection points in our city and not far from our village, and, therefore, the delivery of paper can be implemented.
Household waste- substances (or mixtures of substances) recognized as unsuitable for further use after domestic use of products end up in a landfill.

Plastic– organic materials based on synthetic or natural macromolecular compounds (polymers). Plastics based on synthetic polymers have received exceptionally wide use.

A big flaw in the region is a negligible number of plastic collection points. As shown by the search results on the Internet, there are companies in Saransk MordovVtorResurs LLC, VtorPlastmas LLC, st. Proletarskaya, 130, which accepts plastic for recycling.

hazardous waste- waste containing harmful substances that have hazardous properties (toxicity, explosiveness, fire hazard, high reactivity) or contain pathogens of infectious diseases, or which may pose an immediate or potential hazard to the environment and human health on their own or when they come into contact with other substances (law "On waste production and consumption). One small battery, decomposing in a landfill, spoils 400 liters of water.

Recycling points in Mordovia: Mordovian Procurement Company, st. Promyshlennaya1-aya, 41, OOO Mordovia Ecological Plant, Aleksandrovskoe shosse 30, RTO, recycling center, st. building, 1.

Battery recycling - "RegionYugEco" st. Osipenko 8 . OOO "Leading Recycling Company" st. Soviet, 109

Glass- substance and material, one of the most ancient and, due to the variety of its properties, universal in human practice. The acceptance of glass containers in Saransk can significantly affect the ecological situation in the city and improve the economic component. Rational recycling of glass containers, its reuse is beneficial for local enterprises. Among them are the SUN InBev beer manufacturer, the Saransky cannery and the Saransky dairy plant.

Disposal of household appliances- Over time, household items begin to fail, break down, and if it is possible to fix the problem, then for some time they can still be used. And if the breakdown is serious and the device can only be thrown away? Here, everyone should remember that an unauthorized release threatens with a serious fine, but most importantly, poisonous harmful compounds contained in the devices will bring great harm, which, under the influence of weather conditions, will fall into the soil and cause enormous damage to the environment. In Saransk, the recycling of household appliances and items is carried out by the companies Promekotekhnologiya LLC, Rusutilit LLC, GriKontrolUtilization LLC, which have special permits and licenses to carry out these actions. In addition to these enterprises, electronic equipment stores, such as Eldorado and M. Video, provide great assistance in the collection and disposal of equipment from the population.

Conclusion: Based on the material provided, the "Separate Garbage" project can exist, as there are suitable conditions and the desire of people to take part in promoting the program.

Project plan.

Based on the collected material, I developed a project plan for the implementation of selective waste in the village.

Preparatory stage.

Communication with the residents of the village. To do this, it is necessary to conduct a social survey, whether they are ready for such changes. It is important to involve young people who will be able to hold campaign teams in schools and on the streets, talking about the benefits of separate waste collection. In addition, it is these young people who make up half of the population of the village. Consequently, they will make habitual selective waste in their families.

It is necessary to enlist the support of the village administration in sponsoring and assisting in the implementation of this project.

Contact firms that are ready to accept garbage. See if they can take it out on their own.

Equipment of sites and purchase of containers for garbage collection.

Implementation - project results.

Conclusion: this plan is the basis for the future project.

19. IV. Conclusion

    Thus, having studied a lot of theoretical material, the results of the survey, we confirmed the hypothesis that if we organize the collection of separate waste in the village, this will have a favorable effect on the whole city. Thanks to it, the ecological situation of both the city and the village will improve. The number of healthy children and adults will increase.

    It is obvious that the entire population will not participate in the project. In practice, an intermediate option can be implemented, providing for the processing of both separately collected and mixed waste.

42. V. References

    1. www.greenpeace.org/russia/ru/

    2 www.wikipedia.org

    3. http://www.new-garbage.com/

    4. http://www.ecoteco.ru/

    5.http://nizhniynovgorod.tradeis.ru/industry/cat/utilizaciya_otkhodov_vtorsyrjo

Works: All Selected To help the teacher Competition "Educational project" Academic year: All 2015 / 2016 2014 / 2015 2013 / 2014 2012 / 2013 2011 / 2012 2010 / 2011 2009 / 2010 2008 / 2009 2007 / 2008 2006 / 2007 2005 / 2006 Sorting: Alphabetically Newest

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• Ecologically clean food of the Yakuts of the 19th century is the key to their health

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• Ecologically clean food is the key to the health of the peoples of the Volga region

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• 

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• environmentally friendly dyes

  

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• Eco-friendly transport: bike

  

  In our fast-paced age, a person has to do a lot... How to do it? Movement is necessary... The author proposes an environmentally friendly mode of transport for this: a bicycle. He talks about how the bicycle appeared, who invented it, gives advice to cyclists, talks about the disadvantages and advantages of this type of transport.

• Ecological actions at school

  

  This presentation presents three areas environmental work schools that are focused on the formation of ecological self-awareness and worldview of schoolchildren and their careful attitude to the nature of their native land.

• Ecological aspects of the influence of noise on the productivity of mental activity of students

  

  In the project, the author tried to find out what effect noise has on student performance, evaluate the effect of music on the mental activity of students, and also develop recommendations for reducing noise levels in the school.

• Environmental aspects of the life cycle of water in a modern metropolis

  

  The main idea of ​​the project is the formation of ecological thinking adequate to the challenges of the time, based on the principles of sustainable development. The paper examines the relationship of rational water use by residents of Moscow in everyday life with the ecological situation in the city and the climate of the planet as a whole.

• Ecological aspects of the survey of the stream of the village. Plekhanovo

• Ecological aspects of optimizing soil fertility on TSR

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• Ecological aspects of human chronobiology

  The work consists of two parts: the abstract part describes the history of the development of the science of biorhythmology, the classification of biorhythms, their features, the impact of biorhythms on human life and their adaptive role in anthropogenic ecosystems. The practical part includes work on determining the chronobiological type of a person, the phases of the physical, emotional and intellectual cycles and determining the indicators of an individual minute.

• Environmental tasks in the 2nd grade

  The work is a collection of mathematical problems for students of the second grade in ecology. With the help of drawing up tasks and solving them, the children are involved in the protection of nature, respect for it. Environmental objectives include useful material on the protection of natural resources.

• Ecological materials for the subject "World around"

  The work represents environmentally oriented materials for lessons on the subject "The World Around" (grades 3-4) and geography lessons (grade 6). The project includes a presentation "We have something to protect", ecological poems, an agreement with nature (sample), riddles about plants and animals.

• Ecological foundations of the meaning and origin of Russian names of birds living in the Usinsk hollow

  

  The Usinskaya hollow is located in the mountains of the Western Sayan. It is home to more than a hundred species of birds that have their own Russian names, which are based on their ecological sources. Some of these species are described in this paper.

• Ecological features of shrub birch

  

  The author chose shrub birch, which is widespread in our region, as the object of study and research. In her research, Diaana not only observes the object of study in natural conditions, but also tries to simulate the living conditions of shrub birch: she studies the timing of bud swelling and the appearance of the first leaves. The author came to the conclusion that the features of shrub birch are the result of adaptation to the harsh climate of Yakutia.

• Environmental problems of improvement of the micro-section of the village named after Uritsky, Chelyabinsk

  In the village of M.S. Uritsky city of Chelyabinsk, in the area where our school is located, a lot of social and environmental problems, such as: the presence of more than 10 unauthorized garbage dumps, poor street lighting, water and energy supply, insufficient household facilities, green spaces, lack of places for recreation and leisure, public transport, paved roads, pedestrian sidewalks, playgrounds for children.
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• Environmental problems of household waste

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