It includes a large number of countries. However, business negotiations and correspondence of this organization is carried out only in a few specific languages. Such official languages ​​of the UN, the list of which is relatively small, were not chosen by chance. They are the result of a careful and balanced approach.

six languages

Only a few world languages ​​are recognized as official languages ​​of the UN. Their choice was influenced by many factors, including prevalence. There are six official UN languages. These include, of course, the Russian language. The choice in favor of English and Chinese is obvious - a huge number of people around the world speak these languages. In addition to those listed, Arabic, Spanish and French have received the status of an official language. All these languages ​​are official in more than a hundred countries of the world, they are spoken by more than 2,800 million people.

They are attracted by high salaries and relatively cheap service. While many Germans are fluent in English, their native language will certainly have a positive impact on business relationships. For many years, Germany has been Poland's most important trading partner.

Spanish is the third most widely spoken language in the world. It is the native language of 650 million people and it is estimated that it could be up to 1.5 billion people. We will not be able to communicate in many countries in Europe, Africa and America. it official language in Spain, Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Mexico, Peru, Guatemala, Venezuela, Paraguay and many other countries.

historical moments

The history of the official languages ​​of the UN began after the end of World War II. signed in the USA on June 26, 1945, was originally signed in five language versions. Among them was missing Arabic language. This is evidenced by article 111 of this document, which also states that all copies, regardless of the language of compilation, are authentic.

Knowing this language guarantees excellent communication in Spain and in most countries South America. It employs 210 million people. We will communicate in Portugal and in many areas of the former Portuguese colonies: Brazil, Mozambique, Angola, Guinea-Bissau, Equatorial Guinea, Cape Verde and Sao Tome. In all these countries, Portuguese is the official language.

The Portuguese language will be very useful in trade relations with South American countries, where it is still used quite often. Polish companies are increasingly opening up in these areas as their economic role grows. Despite the decline in Portuguese direct investment in Poland, our country still maintains a leading position in the most important foreign direct investment market in Central and Eastern Europe. According to various estimates, Brazil will soon become one of the leading economic powers - in the light of this information, Portuguese knowledge will be not only useful, but also desirable.

In 1946, the General Assembly approved the rules according to which it was required to treat all languages ​​equally, and that five languages ​​should be used in all bodies subordinate to the UN. At the same time, the listed official languages ​​of the UN were considered official, and English and French were considered working. A year later, the organization removed the requirement that the official languages ​​of the UN, the list of which then consisted of only five positions, should have the same status in other organizations.

As a Romanian, this shouldn't be a major problem when teaching people who know Italian, French, or Spanish. The language is fluently spoken in Italy, San Marino, the Vatican and Switzerland, where it is the official language. It also provides good communication in Albania, Ethiopia, Libya and Malta. The next 20 countries have many users, often centered around the immigrant community.

The Italian does not play a significant role in the international arena, but his knowledge is very useful and influences good business relations with people who use this language. Any company planning to start a business in Italy or Switzerland should look for at least one employee who communicates in Italian. In addition, it is important to note that the inhabitants of the peninsula are rather poorly known in English or German, so these languages ​​might be completely useless.

In 1968, the status of a working language was given to Russian - one of the official languages ​​of the UN.

In 1973, Chinese was additionally recognized as a working language. Also added as an official language is Arabic, which also became the working language of the General Assembly. In this way, all official languages ​​simultaneously became working languages.

In 1983, all six official languages ​​of the UN were recognized by the Security Council. In this organization, they also became both official and at the same time workers.

Since the languages ​​of old Europe come from Indo-European, Roman and Germanic languages, they are connected by a number of similarities. It is worth investing your time to get to know at least one of them in order to find your dream job in a foreign company. Please note that the aforementioned income from foreign language proficiency depends on the level of language proficiency, as well as on the practical use of the language at work.

The spread of a language does not determine how influential it is, say the authors of the Global Language Network. Moreover, the reasons for the exclusive power of one language and the isolation of other people cannot be found only in the history of nations and are not explained by the economic situation of states in the world.

It is noteworthy that all practical knowledge English and French.

Use of languages

The official languages ​​of the UN are used at all kinds of meetings and gatherings of this largest organization in terms of its size. In particular, they are used during the General Assembly and the meeting of the heads of the Security Council participants. The languages ​​listed above are also used during the Economic and Social Council.

"Is it given language significant influence, does not depend on the number of people who use it, but on what it actually is,” says linguist David Crystal. In other words - no nationality matters, but the choice of language we use to communicate with others.

Researchers have studied the languages ​​spoken significant people in the world, because they usually come in contact with each other on international level. And even their most isolated languages ​​can be heard, and the problems of communicating with them are noticeable. In all three cases, English is the dominant language. First of all: it is from English and English, which is most often translated into books. Secondly, most of the authors of the virtual encyclopedia passwords are English. French, Spanish, Russian, German and Chinese are also important.

The meaning of this status is that any member of the UN has the right to speak any of these official languages. However, this does not in any way limit his right to use another language. If a representative of a country speaks a language other than the official language, simultaneous interpreters will interpret into the official language. In addition, simultaneous interpreters are tasked with translating from one official language into the other five.

The latter are usually intermediaries. There are links between the two that make the content also available to people who use Vietnamese or Nepali. The researchers say the information is important. So it doesn't matter what more people they speak Chinese rather than English, that is, in the last language, the people of the world exchange information itself, ideas, information of any kind. However, Chinese is a bridge to other languages ​​such as Swahili.

Polish is such a platform for Slovak. It is more likely that the book will be translated first into Polish and then into Slovak, rather than Slovak translating it directly from Shakespeare. It is the first such research center in the world, which is based primarily on technology and new media in order to know and represent contemporary customs and trends.

Documentation at the UN

Office work in the organization is also conducted in all six languages. Moreover, if a document is translated, for example, only into four languages, and not translated into the remaining two, then such a document will not be published without being interpreted in all official languages. The authority of the texts is the same - no matter what the language of its presentation.

The answer to this question is ambiguous and depends on who and how begins to learn any language. There are different factors - whether it is during the course, whether it is yes, in the target language or abroad. It does not matter which language is the mother tongue, as well as knowledge of other languages ​​and cultures.

Users and Users Slavic languages will learn Polish differently than, for example, German, who is fluent in Russian or Chinese, who has not yet learned a foreign language. Something else will be experienced by a person who is in love with this Pole or a unique Pole.

Parity of languages

At one time, the leadership of the UN was criticized for its propensity to use English, and, accordingly, for insufficient attention to other official languages. UN member states whose population speaks Spanish raised this issue with the Secretary General in 2001. At that time, K. Annan explained such an imbalance between the six languages ​​​​by the fact that the budget of the organization does not allow to properly take into account all the subtleties and nuances of translation into each language . However, he took note of the appeal and argued that the situation should be corrected by paying attention to the sufficient use of each official language.

We often say that Poland is full of exceptions. The motives of various forms are so obscure that, not loving above all historical grammars, we cannot immediately explain the intriguing subject of an inquisitive person. So there are 7 cases in Poland. Significant cases may have the same morphological as in Polish, but they don't need to.

And more importantly, it is not an idea or a dream of disillusioned devotees and lovers of the Polish language, but the result of international linguistic research. It is important to know that young children can use all grammatical cases, of course, functionally, in a limited and varied range of frequencies - often with the iron logic of "have a dog" and "no dog". These are qualitatively different phenomena.

This point of contention in 2008-2009, when the General Assembly approved a resolution entrusting the Secretariat with the task of maintaining parity between all official languages. Particular attention was required to be paid to the translation of information subject to public dissemination.

On June 8, 2007, the United Nations passed a resolution regarding the management of human resources working in it. At the same time, the document deliberately emphasized the high importance of the equality of all 6 official languages ​​without exception.

Moreover, grammar is dominated by grammatical types. Grammar gives different descriptions: the minimum version includes 3, in the ambitious version we can count seven - male, male, male, male, female, medium, male, flat. We use the Latin alphabet and the spelling rules, based mainly on morphological and phonological rules, are quite consistent.

On the other hand, Polish has a constant accent, a simple vowel system, a fairly regular system of times, and, in my opinion, a rather friendly syntax. Over time, we see the existence of this aspect and call for revenge on heaven and give many difficulties for the Poles and the regiment of figures. To consolation, one can come to the conclusion that not only Polish figures live.

On October 4, 2010, the Secretary General prepared a report on multilingualism, and after about six months, the General Assembly asked him to provide guarantees that all the official and working languages ​​of the UN will be equal, that they will be created the necessary conditions for their normal functioning. However, the body international community A resolution was adopted in which it was noted that the development of the official website of the UN (on the part of multilingualism) is taking place at a slower pace than previously envisaged.

However, this does not mean that there is no understanding and communication. The language is changing and we are facing usability standards and standards. Each of them has their own secrets that we may not notice at first. We begin to see them when we are familiar with the language, feeling the need to express ourselves more accurately. Each student has their own pace of learning and needs that must be met in order to achieve the goal of being able to best meet the needs foreign language. In my opinion, there is no simpler or more complex languages.

United Nations specialized agencies

It is known that the UN also has independent organizations or institutions that carry out their activities autonomously. Such departments include, for example, UNESCO, the Universal Postal Union and others. Notably, other languages ​​may be considered official languages ​​in these independent UN bodies. So, in the Universal Postal Union, only French is used, it is the only official one. In contrast, UNESCO officially recognizes nine languages, including Portuguese and Italian, as well as Hindi. The International Fund for Agricultural Development has only four official languages ​​used by its members. These are Arabic, Spanish, French and English.

In my opinion, we can study them more or less effectively, use them better or worse, and more or less consciously. Michal Glowinski described this phenomenon very well. Well, he was meeting with a druggist, during which he asked, "Is that Cortazar?" The answer was: "Cortazar no."

Sorry, local users and users of the Polish language. Eduard Ucinski, category of matter in the ontogeny of the Polish language or the child's entry into grammatical reality, Gdansk University Press, Gdansk. Jolanta Machowska, Case Acquisition. Early school age, Krakow.

Language Coordinator

Back in 1999, the General Assembly held an appeal to the Secretary General by adopting a resolution in which there was a request for the creation and appointment of a senior official of the Secretariat. This official was responsible for coordinating all issues related to multilingualism.

Przemysław Turek, is Poland one of the most difficult languages ​​in the world? Graduate of Polish Studies and Iranian Studies. She studied English, German, Russian, Arabic, Turkish and latin languages. He teaches Polish and Persian. We all know this more or less. For about a dozen years, it has been gaining popularity - mainly due to the development of the Internet, as well as the widespread use of the language on a daily basis; Business negotiations high level also held in English.

it international language, knowledge of which allows you to communicate with a person from anywhere in the world. Apparently he also knows the language. The situation in which our interlocutor does not speak English from year to year is becoming less and less common - this is a fact. But how many people, all over the world, can boast of their knowledge?

On 6 December 2000, Federico Riesco Chile was the first to be appointed to this position. The next Coordinator for Multilingualism was Miles Stobi of Guyana, who was appointed on 6 September 2001.

Shashi Thurur was appointed to the post of coordinator in 2003 by Kofi Annan. In parallel with this, he was also involved as Deputy Secretary General, dealing with issues of communications and public information.

Poland in terms of graduation last year improved by as much as 2 places, which gives us 6th place! We are in the group of countries with the highest English proficiency, next to us are Austria and Norway. What makes us so tall? Certainly many great specialists are teachers, native speakers; The impressive level of linguistic education is also insignificant - most Poles attend classes in the first grade of elementary school.

The project has evolved to the extent that it has been proposed to facilitate the acquisition of the language, which is especially useful in countries classified as Shakespeare's weak speakers, including Russia, Hungary, and Turkey. Of course not; All of Europe is learning English, perhaps part of the country will one day recognize it as a second official language, but it is clear that no European citizen can deny his mother tongue. No less obvious is the further expansion and proselytization of the English language - also in a simplified version.

The current coordinator for multilingualism is Kiyo Akasaka from Japan. Just like Shashi Tarur, he combines his work with the position of head of the public information department.

Language days

Since 2010, the UN has celebrated the so-called language days, each of which is dedicated to one of the 6 official languages ​​of the UN. This initiative is supported by the Department of Public Information in order to celebrate the linguistic diversity of the organization, as well as to gain knowledge and information about the importance of intercultural communication. Each day of a certain language is associated with some significant historical event that took place in the country of this language.



Parallel with the European Union

The European Union is another large multilingual organization made up of several countries. Each of these countries, of course, has its own language. Therefore, in this union there is a main rule that all languages ​​​​of the participating countries are equal. All documentation and office work should be kept in these languages, and appropriate translations should be made. At the same time, as the Union grew and included other states (Northern Scandinavian and Eastern European), these new members did not require the European Union to give their language official status, justifying this with knowledge of any of the main languages. Such in the union are English, German, Italian, French and Spanish. Indeed, this position of the new members of the organization is confirmed by the fact that almost all diplomats have a good knowledge of at least one of the listed languages. Most new members prefer to speak in English. In addition, it should be noted that in the European Union the most ardent supporters of multilingualism are the French.

Use of official languages ​​in other international organizations

Other international organizations, for example, specializing in trade, in sports, and others tend to use English, but along with this, there is a frequent use of French, in many communities it is official.

Having a regional scale, they mainly use the language that is characteristic of their ethnic or religious composition. Thus, Arabic is used in Muslim organizations, while in the main part of non-Muslim Africa, either French or English is used as official languages ​​(the colonial past left a great influence).

The desire of other languages ​​​​to receive the status of official in the UN

In recent times, many other languages ​​have been clamoring to become official world languages ​​of the UN. Many countries are fighting for this right. So, among these countries we can distinguish Turkey, Portugal, India and others. In 2009, Bengali was proposed as the new official language and is the seventh most spoken languages. The Prime Minister of Bangladesh advocated for this.

Despite the fact that a huge number of people speak Hindi, the wish of the Indian leadership to make this language official was not accepted. This was explained by the fact that Hindi is very little spread around the world, and almost all people who speak it are concentrated in the region of this state.

There was a proposal to choose Esperanto as the main official language, which would replace all existing languages, thereby reducing the cost of the organization's budget, saving on translations.

Signs of an international language

Languages ​​considered international have the following features:

  • A large number of people consider this language to be their mother tongue.
  • Among those for whom this language is not native, there are a large number of people who speak it as a foreign or second language.
  • This language is spoken in many countries, on several continents and in different cultural circles.
  • In many countries this language is studied at school as a foreign language.
  • This language is used as an official language by international organizations, at international conferences and in large international firms.

History of international languages

Languages ​​of world importance

Modern international languages ​​are considered [ by whom?] (in descending order of the total number of speakers):

Rank Language Native Second Total number of media
1 English language 410 million up to 1 billion up to 1.4 billion
2 Spanish 420 million up to 80 million up to 500 million
3 Russian language 170 million up to 125 million up to 295 million
4 Arabic language 240 million up to 40 million up to 280 million
5 Portuguese 178 million up to 10 million up to 188 million
6 French 80 million up to 120 million up to 200 million
7 German 90 million up to 20 million up to 110 million
Total: 1 588 000 000 1 395 000 000 2 991 000 000

Map of the distribution of international languages

The maps show the distribution of each international language.

UN official languages

Notes


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See what "International Language" is in other dictionaries:

    international language- Language used for international communication(English, Russian and other languages). The language has crossed its own ethnic and territorial threshold. TEL and are trans-ethnic languages. They can be used as auxiliary languages ​​up to ... ... Dictionary linguistic terms T.V. Foal

    INTERNATIONAL LANGUAGE. Currently under M. yaz. usually understood as an artificial language. with an extremely simplified grammar and an internationalized vocabulary, compiled with the aim of facilitating the oral and written communication of multilingual peoples ... Literary Encyclopedia

    INTERNATIONAL LANGUAGE- INTERNATIONAL LANGUAGE. The language of interstate communication, the language that is used in major international organizations (UN, UNESCO) ...

    international language- A language that is used as a means of communication between different states. M.I. are ethnic languages, i.e., in their primary and main function, this is a means of communication of a certain ethnic group, a native (mother) language for people, ... ...

    international language- 1. An artificial auxiliary language, offered as a means of interethnic communication. 2. The natural language used by the peoples of many countries of the world as a means of interethnic communication. 3. Socially language education, advanced into ... ...

    Language (mostly artificial, that is, invented by one person, not developed naturally), on which all civilized peoples could communicate with each other in writing and orally. By adopting such a language, the need for... Encyclopedic Dictionary F.A. Brockhaus and I.A. Efron

    LANGUAGE INTERNATIONAL- LANGUAGE INTERNATIONAL. See international language... New dictionary methodological terms and concepts (theory and practice of teaching languages)

    INTERNATIONAL, international, international. 1. International, extending to several or all peoples, not limited to one people. "... The international significance of the new Constitution of the USSR can hardly be overestimated." Stalin ... ... Dictionary Ushakov

    Intermediary language- 1. The language of international communication. For example, Japanese language includes English, Arabic, Spanish, Chinese, Russian, French which have the status of UN working languages. 2. Any language that is used as a means of communication in a situation ... ... Dictionary of sociolinguistic terms

    language of international communication- see international language... Explanatory Translation Dictionary

Books

  • Aros is a new international language. Complete grammar. Russian-Aros Dictionary, R. F. Avramchenko. The book presents a new artificial language designed for universal international application. The language is full-fledged, at the level of the most developed national languages. Usage…