It is hardly possible to reveal the incomprehensible secrets of the universe to the end. And even what at first glance seems to be an indisputable truth, in some cases can be very controversial. for the sake of political, economic, moral and ethical interests, it is no longer such a surprise, because the concept of alternative history is becoming more and more adherents every day. And even those who until recently believed in fairy tales about the existence of Peter I, today are no longer so confident in supporting their beliefs.

And what if not only history is distorted? Modern geography, geodesy and other sciences have elevated the idea that the Earth is round to the rank of axiom, but this theory also has its opponents. At first glance, the idea of ​​a flat Earth can be perceived as a joke, only its adherents are providing more and more convincing evidence in favor of their theory, which looks quite logical and reasonable. Is this true, or is science not lying in this case? Who knows…

Flat Earth Theory: Basic Concepts

The essence of this theory reveals its very name. According to flat earthers, the globe is a circular disk centered on the North Pole. But South Pole on this map, in principle, there is no - instead of it there is a high ice wall that encircles the territory of the Earth. What lies behind this wall is a mystery. Some suggest that behind it there is only ice and permafrost, others believe that there is a parallel life of other inhabitants of the planet hiding there, while others believe that the wall serves as a fence behind which there is absolutely nothing. A map that visually reflects the device of a flat Earth is called azimuthal.

The diameter of the planet is 40,000 kilometers. Above this huge disk, like a dome, the constellations, the Sun and the Moon rise. And so that the day goes on as usual, and the day turns into night, it is not the planet itself that rotates, but the dome located directly above it. That is why the constellations move during the night, the bright sun is replaced by a mysterious and cold moon, and sunrise and sunset alternate regularly.

And since the Sun is constantly moving, then the usual ideas about the solar system have no right to exist. In principle, the Solar system is not considered in the Flat Earth concept, since the rotation of the Sun is carried out at a frantic speed, and the planets simply could not follow it and rotate about their own axis. The force of attraction of the planets also acts as a weighty argument. According to modern scientists, the Earth ranks third among the planets located around the Sun. That's just according to the laws of physics, the force of attraction is directly related to the mass, which means that the smaller the size of the planet, the closer it should be to the Sun. Having carried out simple mathematical calculations, one can understand that the Earth should not be in third, but in sixth place. Then our world would be shrouded in permafrost, because the atmosphere simply physically could not warm up enough to comfortably sustain life.

But if everything is arranged exactly as the adherents of the Flat Earth theory see it, what about space flights, numerous photographs of the Earth taken from outer space, data on other planets and other information that clearly demonstrates the structure of the universe. According to the flat earthers, all this is nothing more than a fiction, a staging and a fraud on a huge scale. The illusion created by the Freemasons allows you to hide the truth from the population. One of the proofs of this assumption is the picture of Apollo 11, in which the Americans allegedly flew to the moon. With a detailed magnification, you can see that the spacecraft is made of "improvised materials" - foil, planks, oilcloth, cardboard, etc. In fact, this is just a scenery intended for filming astronauts, who, by the way, did not even bother to remove jewelry (bracelets and rings), on which an engraved letter G is visible inside a compass and square - a symbol of the Masonic movement.

What about pictures of Mars? The unreal and mysterious beauty of this mysterious planet, according to the adherents of the Flat Earth theory, is nothing more than photo filters, the play of light and shadows, classic computer programs with which any "advanced" student can work. If you remove the effects of Photoshop from these pictures, you get very beautiful, but still very real landscapes, taken in remote corners of the Earth, untouched by human hands.

A bit of history, or where does the flat earth theory come from?

At first glance, it may seem that the theory of the flat shape of our planet is nothing more than a fashion trend, of which there are now quite a few on the Internet. However, this is not at all the case: peering through the prism of history, one can track how opinions about the shape of the Earth have changed. The mention of this theory was found in the ancient mythology of Egypt and Babylon, Hindu and Buddhist scriptures, and the Scandinavian epic. And even the ancient philosophers, whose teachings are considered historical heritage, including Leucippus and his student Democritus, were firmly convinced that the Earth was flat. The same idea was held in the oldest manuscript of the Book of Enoch, found in Qumran. However, over time, these beliefs gave way to astronomical knowledge, and the idea of ​​a Flat Earth sunk into oblivion.

In the Middle Ages, the question of the shape of the Earth again became discussed. One of the clearest examples of this idea was the "Christian Topography" written by Cosmas Indikoples in 535-547. In it, the planet is presented in the form of a rectangular plane, on top of which there is a dome: “Some people, hiding behind the name of Christians, argue, along with pagan philosophers, that the sky has a spherical shape. No doubt these people are deluded by the eclipses of the Sun and Moon.” This work has been translated wide use in Russia, because at that time it was a unique encyclopedia of medieval knowledge, which there was no reason not to believe.

One illustrative example of the theory was an engraving published in the book "Atmosphere: Popular Meteorology", published by the French astronomer Camille Flammarion in 1888. It depicts a pilgrim who has reached the edge of the Earth and looks out from under the dome towards new worlds. The caption for the image reads: "A medieval missionary says he found the point where the sky touches the Earth."

How was the Flat Earth Society formed?

In the 19th century, adherents of the described concept united in a group - the Flat Earth Society - headed by the English scientist Samuel Rowbotham. For several decades, he conducted all kinds of experiments, experiments, studies in support of his theory and, importantly, found a lot of evidence. Using the pseudonym Parallax, he wrote "Zethetic Astronomy", in which he thoroughly and clearly outlined all his achievements and results that refute the spherical shape of the planet. Initially, Rowbotham's small work was reprinted several times, becoming more and more large-scale and evidence-based literature, because it was constantly supplemented by students of the Society. Until his death, Samuel Rowbotham defended his theory, holding numerous lectures and seminars around the world.

Adherents of Rowbotham's theory subsequently united in the Universal Zethetic Society, which found its adherents in all corners of the planet. Since 1956, this organization, headed by Samuel Shenton, has again become known as the Flat Earth Society, but with the significant prefix "International". When Shenton saw photographs of the globe from orbit, he never doubted his beliefs for a moment: "It is easy to see how photographs of this sort can fool the uninformed."

Since 1971, the head of the organization has been Charles Johnson. He launched a major campaign to promote his ideas, handing out leaflets, pamphlets and booklets, in which he defended the flat earth model. Thanks to such activity, during his leadership, the number of supporters of the theory has increased several times.

Arguments in favor of the flat earth theory

In order to make an informed decision about the shape of our planet, one should consider the arguments of both sides, finding out which of them is the most reasonable and consistent. So what do flat earthers say about their theory?

1.The speed of the earth's rotation.

Scientific data says that the Earth rotates around its axis at a speed of about half a kilometer per second. It's hard to even imagine such a fast object! In favor of the flat earthers are a few simple experiments, for example, with a jump. Everyone knows that, having jumped, a person lands in the same place. But what about rotation? After all, in those fractions of a second that he was in a jump, the planet had to move a considerable distance, and another point would become the landing site. The same result gives a shot from a cannon into the sky. In addition, if you shoot to the east (against the direction of rotation), the core should fly twice less than the norm, and if to the west - twice as much. However, this does not happen. And the pilots flying over the Earth have never registered how it rotates, although who, if not them, should be able to see the change in the position of the planet from above.

2.Perfectly flat horizon.

Look into the distance. Look carefully, not losing sight of the slightest detail. What do you see? The standard flat edge of the horizon in the area where it is clearly visible - fields, meadows, sea surface - cannot deceive. After all, in a free area, the view spans several kilometers in the distance, so why are they perfectly even? According to the adherents of the theory, the answer is obvious - the Earth is flat! In addition, tall objects (for example, towers, lighthouses, mountain peaks) would simply not be visible, because the spherical surface covered them from the attentive eye, since the horizon line would be much higher. But this does not happen, and you can admire the mountains from a very long distance, numbering more than one kilometer.

3.Air routes.

Many flights, especially long-distance flights, at first glance seem illogical from the point of view of the sphericity of the Earth. Looking at the globe, one may wonder why pilots choose such, at first glance, illogical route and inconvenient points for refueling. However, there is no mystery and irrationality in this: if you compare these routes with a flat map, it becomes clear that the route is laid perfectly.

4. Star drawing.

If all objects in the Universe are in constant motion, then why are the stars in the sky located exactly the same way both today and several centuries ago. Indeed, in theory, the star pattern should change, if not every day, then once a week for sure. However, this does not happen. The thing is that the stars are just holograms on the celestial dome, which cannot change, move relative to each other, and even more so fall. And the famous meteor Rain, which all the romantics of the world eagerly await to make a wish, is a holographic effect.

5. Yellow Sun.

The scientific laws explain quite extensively why the sky is blue and the Sun is yellow. According to official data, ultraviolet passing through the atmosphere is scattered into spectra, one of which colors the sky canvas. However, this does not explain in any way why a part of the rays concentrated around the Sun does not break up, because then it should be blue-blue. Isn't it because the Sun is below the dome-sky, which limits the space. Rotating around the Earth, it alternately illuminates the territory, so the light hours regularly replace each other.

6. Space flights are a hoax.

None of the flat earthers have seen outer space with their own eyes, which means that its existence can be disputed to the point of hoarseness. Photos are fake, videos are solid special effects, and space flights are fantastic stories. Convinced adherents of this theory even organized several times an investigation expedition to find places for photography "on the Moon". And when the astronauts were asked to swear on Holy Scripture that they were on the moon, they all showed aggression and evaded the answer.

7. Free flow of rivers.

According to the law of communicating vessels, the network of reservoirs enveloping the Earth simply could not exist on a spherical planet in the form in which we see it today. However, the rivers flow to the west, east, north and south in almost equal numbers, and their depth and full flow are in no way connected with geographic location. Such characteristics are possible only if the Earth is flat.

8. View of technicians.

One of the weighty arguments in favor of their theory, flat earthers use the universal conspiracy of engineers, technicians and other personalities, one way or another connected with work in vast spaces. For example, surveyors do not take into account the curvature of the Earth when designing buildings and structures. But in this case, the building, made according to this project, simply could not withstand the total load and collapsed. However, this does not happen, and the buildings stand idle for decades. There is only one conclusion: they are aware that the Earth is actually flat, but they keep this secret from the population. The same applies to aircraft pilots who, when taking off from a spherical surface, no longer correct their flight path until landing. How? After all, under such conditions, the plane would have flown to outer space. And if you look at it from the point of view of a flat Earth, everything falls into place.

This evidence is the most common evidence that the Flat Earth Society uses to refute a generally accepted theory. To judge their fidelity, one must also consider the beliefs of the so-called "ballooners", who adhere to a scientific point of view.

Why is the Earth a sphere? Flat Earth Arguments

The concept that the scientific community adheres to has many justifications in its favor, some of which look quite convincing. What are the ballers talking about in favor of their theory?

1. Moon and its eclipse.

Even if we do not take into account the photographs proving the existence of the Moon as a satellite of our planet, the shadow cast by the Earth, gradually reaching lunar eclipse, directly indicates its sphericity. Even Aristotle, who supported the spherical nature of the planet, considered the cast shadow as an oval, which directly contradicted the theory of the flat shape of the Earth.

2.Constellation change.

This argument was also considered as early as the time of Aristotle. Traveling around the world, he recorded the position of the stars in the sky and the visibility of each of them. So, being at the equator, constellations were opened to him, which were not visible in other latitudes. And the farther from the equator the scientist was, the less familiar stars he saw, which were replaced by others. This effect could only be explained by the fact that a person looks at the sky from a spherical surface, otherwise the location would not have such a strong effect on the visibility of the stars.

3.Time Zones.

And although half-Earths claim that the change of time of day occurs due to the rotation of the Sun, balloonists are sure that it is the Earth that rotates around its axis. That is why in different countries established different time, and when, for example, it is deep night in America, the sun is shining in China, and the day is in full swing.

4. Force of gravity.

Another proof of a spherical planet is gravity - the force of attraction between objects. According to the laws of physics, it acts relative to the center of mass. But after all, when falling, the apple lands from top to bottom, and not at an angle to the center, and a person, walking along the surface of the Earth, feels attraction to the bottom, and not sideways, closer to the center of the “disk”. That is why it can be judged that under it every time there is the center of the Earth, from which the maximum gravity comes, which means that the Earth has a spherical shape. However, flat earthers reject this evidence because they believe that gravity is just the result of the planet's upward movement with an acceleration of 9.8 m/s2.

5.Visibility of objects from a height.

If you climb a mountain, a tall tree or a lighthouse, looking at the outline of the horizon through binoculars, you will notice that the visibility distance increases in direct proportion to the height at which the person is located. Of course, visible obstacles can interfere with the purity of the experiment, but in a field or meadow, this effect is most noticeable. But if the Earth were flat, the height of the observation platform would have no effect on the visibility of objects on the horizon. This is possible only if the planet has the shape of a ball.

6. ship on the horizon.

When sailing, the ship does not immediately disappear on a perfectly flat sea surface. First of all, its hull is lost from sight, and only after that the sails disappear over the horizon. The same thing is observed when it approaches the shore: sails are immediately visible, and only then - the ship itself. This directly proves that, despite the apparent straightness of the horizon, it is curved by the spherical shape of the Earth.

7.Sundial.

The sundial effect is calculated based on the shadow cast by the Sun at different times. By sticking a stick into the ground, you can observe how the shadow from it gradually changes its shape. And if the world were a plane, the position of the wand would not affect the shape of the shadow, and at different points it would be identical. However, even a seemingly insignificant distance of several tens of kilometers between two experimental rods gives a different result, and the shadows differ by at least a few tenths of a millimeter. This principle was used even before our era when calculating the circumference of the Earth, which was carried out by Eratosthenes.

8. documentary facts.

And although flat earthers claim that photographs from satellites and space flights are a hoax, balloonists are firmly convinced of their existence. Numerous images of our planet obtained from outer space, flights to the Moon and exploration of other planets are the scientific heritage that humanity has achieved over hundreds of years of experiments and developments. True, considerable funds are invested in these studies, and their effectiveness is confirmed only by photographs, but this is already the other side of the coin.

Flat Earth in the context of contemporary art

No matter how controversial the theory that denies the generally accepted shape of our planet, it has repeatedly surfaced in the works of science fiction writers, filmmakers and writers. One need only recall the well-known Chronicles of Narnia by Clive Lewis to understand that this idea appeals to a wide audience. The cosmology of Narnia presents the idea of ​​the plane of the Earth, beyond which lies paradise - Aslan. The heroes go there, following the routes of an old map, reminiscent of a medieval one.

The English science fiction writer Terry Pratchet devoted a whole series of works to the concept with the predictable name Discworld. According to him, based on ancient Indian myths, four elephants support the disk-shaped planet, and those, in turn, stand on a centuries-old turtle. And what about Pirates of the Caribbean, beloved by a multimillion-dollar crowd of spectators? Captain Jack Sparrow's team managed to reach the end of the planet, where a bottomless waterfall was seething.

This concept was not bypassed by domestic writers. So, the story "The Monk at the End of the Earth" by Sergei Sinyak describes an expedition to the heavenly dome, after which its participants were subjected to repression by the state. However, the results of the expedition were undeniable: flight into space is nothing more than a fiction based on a distortion of the picture of the universe.

Afterword

What to believe, what concept to adhere to is a personal matter for everyone. It is more convenient for some to believe that the Earth is a ball, while others are also unshakably convinced that our planet is flat. One way or another, it is not possible for most people to go up into space in order to visually verify the correctness of one of these movements, so we will have to use what we have - eyes, logic and common sense. It is enough to close the textbooks, open satellite map and drive a considerable distance along it, checking the mileage and trajectory with official data. Simple practical experiments will allow you to understand where reality ends and hoax begins.

It is best to end this argument with the words of the wisest Dalai Lama: “Anyway, all this is very insignificant, isn't it? The basis of the Doctrine is; what they say about the structure of life, about the nature of suffering, about the nature of the mind. This is the foundation of the teaching. This is what matters most; that is directly related to our lives. Whether the world is square or round does not matter much as long as prosperity and peace reign in it.

This fact, probably, no one doubts today. Even small preschool children know that our planet has a spherical shape. But not all guys know why the Earth is round. Let's try to understand this issue in more detail.

ancient representations

The correct idea of ​​why the Earth is round (now scientifically proven and substantiated) did not develop among people immediately and not at the same time. The various peoples who inhabited our planet in ancient times had different theories of its appearance and structure. Here is some of them.

• In ancient India, the Earth was represented as a plane resting on the backs of three elephants. These giants are on and that, in turn, on a giant snake.
• The Egyptians considered the incarnation of the Sun to the god Ra, who, on his chariot, sweeps across the dome of the sky. The earth in their view was also flat.
• In ancient Babylon, there were ideas about land in the form of a huge mountain, in the west of which Babylonia flourished. Around the sea stretched, on which the solid sky rests (and in the heavenly world there were also water and land, only turned upside down).

Ancient Greece

The Greeks also had very interesting ideas about the structure of the universe (modern scientists know about them from the poems "Iliad" and "Odyssey"). The earth seemed to them a disc, resembling a warrior's shield. The land is washed by the ocean from all sides. The sun swims across the copper slope of the sky that stretches above the surface. According to the philosopher Thales, the flat Earth floats in a bubble (which looks like a semicircle). The planet was perceived as the center of the universe, and the city of Delphi was considered the "navel of the Earth." The sunrises and sunsets of the Sun and planets were justified by the fact that they move in a circle.

Aristarchus of Samos

What is interesting in Ancient Greece The followers of Pythagoras already considered the Earth and other planets to be round. And the outstanding astronomer of that time, Aristarchus, expressed his opinion on the question of the structure of the World. He, probably, was the first of the scientists known today who proved that the Earth is round and revolves around the Sun along with all the planets, and not vice versa. This was, according to some scientists, the impetus for the formation of correct human ideas about the structure of the planets and their movement in the firmament.

Copernicus

The earth is round and it spins! So or almost so, he declared with confidence - to the whole people! - this great scientist, having blown up with his seditious statements the entire church and scientific world of that time. But even before that, pundits, in particular, Eratosthenes, argued that our planet has a spherical shape, and even managed to measure its diameter. Therefore, it is difficult to give an unambiguous answer to the question of who proved that the Earth is round. But back to Copernicus. The famous Polish astronomer lived and worked in the Renaissance. With his observations, he initiated the scientific revolution. His work, devoted to the justification of the heliocentric scheme of the structure of the Universe, continued for more than 40 years, until his death in 1543. Interestingly, in the book of Copernicus "On the rotation celestial spheres» (1543) gave an estimate of the size of the planets and the Sun itself, the distances between objects, which are quite close to modern scientific data.

Why is the earth round?

Be that as it may, modern science largely relies on the above-mentioned research of the Polish astronomer, who was many centuries ahead of his time. And yet, why is the Earth round and not square or flat, for example? Why did all the known planets of the solar system, their satellites and the luminary itself, the Sun, turn out to be rounded? There is a very specific physical explanation for this fact. The thing is that the universe is constantly rotating. The earth rotates around its axis. The moon is around the earth. Our and other planets travel in certain orbits around a star (the Sun), which, in turn, is also subject to rotation. Even huge galaxies move along their trajectories, rotating.

And the force of gravity and rotation acts on all sides of the surface of any planet simultaneously, as a result, giving them approximately the same distance from the imaginary center (in the global sense). That's why the earth is round. For children, you can conduct an imaginary experiment. Imagine that our planet has some other shape. With increased rotation, the force of gravity will be so great that even a cube can turn into an ellipse or a ball after a while.

Ball or geoid?

Of course, the orbits of the planets are not perfectly round. Rather, they resemble elongated ellipses. By the way, the shape of our Earth is not a perfect ball, but a flattened ellipsoid (also called a geoid). And modern space exploration data show that on the surface of our blue planet there are huge depressions (in the Indian region - minus one hundred meters) and bulges (in the Iceland region - up to plus one hundred meters above the surface).

9 Surprising Facts About Earth...

1. The earth is not round.

No, no, it's not flat. The earth is a sphere, but due to gravitational forces, the sphere is not perfect. In fact, there is a bulge at the equator because of this. The Earth's polar radius is 6356.8 km while the equatorial radius is 6378.1 km. Yes, we can say that the Earth has a belly.

2. Earth is the only name not from Greco-Roman mythology.

All other planets in our solar system are named after a Roman or Greek deity. The word "Earth" comes from the ancient Slavic root "zem-", meaning floor or bottom. The English name Earth comes from the word Erda, which means soil or soil. Ironically, our planet is covered by 71% water - so far, our planet is the only one in the universe that contains water in a liquid state.

3. There are not 24 hours in a day.

People often say that there are not enough hours in the day, and they are right - there are no 24 hours in the day. In fact, our planet is making full turn around its axis in 23 hours 56 minutes and 4 seconds. This interval of time is called a sidereal day. A solar day, that is, the time it takes the Sun to return to the same position on the meridian, varies by up to 16 minutes at different times of the year. (Do not ask how we still manage to know what time it is. It's too complicated).

4. The Earth had a twin planet Theia.

Scientists believe that perhaps another planet called Theia previously existed in Earth's orbit. The hypothetical planet was about the size of Mars and was 60 degrees ahead or behind our blue planet. About 4.5 billion years ago, Theia crashed into the Earth - in this giant collision, large chunks of matter flew off both planets, resulting in the formation of the Moon. Why do scientists believe in such a theory? The moon is too large for a planet our size and contains isotopes similar to those of Earth.

5. Mysterious, almost perfect orbit of the Moon.

Since we're talking about the Moon, one thing we know for sure is that it's not made of cheese. Beyond that, there are things we don't know. For example, the Moon's center of gravity is 1.8 km closer than its geometric center, which should make the orbit more wobbly, but the orbit is almost perfectly circular. The moon is covered with dust that smells like gunpowder, although the dust has nothing to do with gunpowder. There is no "dark side" of the Moon, but the Earth's gravity slows the Moon down so much that it completes a complete rotation in one month (a phenomenon called tidal lock or synchronous rotation) - which is why the Moon always faces the Earth one side. Also, in an amazing coincidence, the Sun is 400 times larger than the Moon, but also 400 times farther from the Earth, which makes the Sun and Moon look the same size in the sky.

6. The oceans are 90% unexplored.

We have visited not only the Moon, but also Mars. On the other hand, we have not even begun to explore the depths of our own oceans. Less than 10% of the oceans have been explored by man. The oceans contain 97% of the water on Earth and 99% of the habitats of living beings. We've found 212,906 sea creatures, but there may be 25 million more that we haven't discovered. Could the Loch Ness monster still exist?

The lowest temperature recorded on the surface of the Earth is -89.2 degrees Celsius. It was registered on July 21, 1983 at Vostok station in Antarctica (it was a cool summer). The most heat on the surface of the Earth 56.7 Celsius on July 10, 1913 in Death Valley, USA.

Yes, Everest is the most famous mountain in the world and 8848 meters above sea level is quite high. On the other hand, given that we know that the Earth is not a perfect sphere, any point on the equator is slightly closer to the stars. That is why, although the volcano Chimborazo (Chimborazo), located in Ecuador, is not as high as Everest (6268 meters from sea level), its highest point is 2.5 kilometers further from the center of the Earth than Everest.

9. Earth is the only planet with plate tectonics.

Scientists believe that the Earth consists of 7 huge plates of the earth's crust, which move in different directions at a speed of up to 10 centimeters per year. When plates collide, according to modern geological theory, mountains form; when plates diverge in different directions, depressions form. These same processes give rise to volcanoes and earthquakes. The good side of this process is that thanks to it, carbon (an important part of the existence of life) can be updated and recycled, which ensures the continued existence of life on Earth.

If you believe school curriculum and Wikipedia, the Earth is shaped like an oblate ellipsoid. Many perceive such information as an indisputable fact and do not even try to verify it in practice. Nevertheless, sound skepticism is still alive on our planet, and the Flat Earth Society is direct evidence of this. These guys are aware that the Earth is a huge flat disk, gravity is a fiction, and NASA is a huge commercial organization that is solely engaged in deception and self-enrichment. And there are good reasons for this, some of which we will consider below. And at the same time, let's evaluate the real advantages of joining this enlightened Society.

Why is it worth admitting that the Earth is flat?

10. Exclusive club of interests

If you believe that our planet is like a fat soccer ball, you are unremarkable; another deceived person, one of 7 billion. But how much more original is it to consider that our planet is something similar to a huge, such a giant UFO? But such an idea is a direct path to an exclusive club that has only 100 members: the Flat Earth Society.

In the 1990s, the Society consisted of about 3,000 smartest people. But after a fire, probably set by spiteful critics from NASA, the database with club members was destroyed, and only 100 people deigned to renew their membership. In any case, this is still more than the number of rhinos living in the wild. But don't let anyone give you the idea that it's all just a bunch of idiots with nothing to do because...

9. Influential people confirm that the earth is flat

Many people prefer to believe that only illiterate and narrow-minded people can believe in the flat shape of the Earth. Nevertheless, many famous personalities held similar views. Among them are our contemporaries, whose names you may be familiar with. For example, the Nigerian terrorist Mohammed Yusuf, founder of Boko Haram, which vehemently hates the Western education system for its perverted worldview. And they say that one of the creators of the cartoon about "Scooby Doo" adhered to such views.

If Yusuf is not an authority for you, then the opinion of another prominent political figure of the twentieth century, Adolf Hitler, will do as an argument. He was the only one who not only knew about the true nature of the earth, but was able to look beyond the ice edge (which NASA passes off as Antarctica). Proof: The Forum of the Flat Earth Society.

Well, if Hitler is not a decree for you, then it would be worth taking into account at least ...

8. World in Game of Thrones

No matter how you feel about the Game of Thrones series, the fact of the extraordinary popularity of this show cannot be denied. But there is a simple explanation for this: viewers are subconsciously attracted to the flat world, which is hidden from them in real life. Instead of a strange swollen globe, we see a flat disk surrounded by high walls of ice that keep the oceans from overflowing.

And the only thing that does not allow you to enjoy such a spectacle in the real world is NASA, which makes sure that long-haul pilots do not fly where they do not need to. However, they are not limited to this - the guards located along the ice wall are ready to destroy anyone who gets too close to them (with the exception of Hitler).

And while the fact that the ice wall won't go anywhere is reassuring, it's far from the only benefit of understanding the true shape of the Earth. Because of this, you…

7. Smarter than old man Einstein

Various botanists rushing to challenge the fact that our planet is shaped like a pizza are quick to point out the force of gravity, which would not work on a flat planet. For those who don’t know, let’s explain: gravity is another NASA myth, according to which all objects emit some invisible force that attracts other objects; and the larger the object, the more powerful its power.

Instead of believing in this nonsense, people in the know know that the Earth is flying upwards with a constant acceleration of 9.81 m / s - which is why any thrown objects fall down with a similar acceleration. And do not worry about what will happen when the planet reaches its maximum speed - most likely, this will never happen. Checkmate your theory of relativity, Albert!

But here they still object: how then does the Moon stay in the sky if the force of attraction does not exist? The fact is that the Moon has gravity - otherwise there would be no ebb and flow. So the official position of the Flat Earth Society is that the Moon has gravity, but the Earth does not. And the sun and stars dangle just a few hundred kilometers above us.

Even if such ideas seem unusual to you, do not rush to deny them. Otherwise, you risk becoming one of the adepts...

6 NASA Is A Corrupt Evil Empire

Among the guys from the Flat Earth, no one is more infamous and universally disdained than these deceitful pigs from NASA. Why? The answer is obvious - they, like no one else, are putting a lot of effort into maintaining the general misconception about the spherical shape of the Earth. Fake pictures of our planet, all these space travels, including those in which people died, are all part of a masterful deception. There are no satellites and the ISS - only controlled radio towers that have access to any GPS navigator, TV or smartphone. The corporation also controls each aircraft, preventing aircraft from getting too close to the edge of the planet.

If you're wondering why NASA needed to undertake such a complex gamble, then congratulations - you're starting to think like a true member of the Flat Earth Society. And there are 3 logical explanations for NASA policy:

1. Commerce. The government of the States alone allocates annually billions of dollars for the exploration of outer space. Of course, the hoax is not a cheap hobby, but the amount received is quite enough for bribes, fraud, fake photos and a brand new yacht.
2. fail. Perhaps NASA, like many other people, at one time believed that the earth was round and engaged in scientific cutting of funds, being in holy ignorance. In it, they still remain, imitating scientific activity and with enviable persistence spending the state budget. In fact, there has never been any travel beyond the atmosphere.
3. Military. There is also a version that the United States and its European allies need the visibility of space flights in order to keep their enemies at bay - let them not sleep at night, thinking that they have a space power in front of them, which can bring down intercontinental attacks on the aggressor at the touch of a button. ballistic missiles! It remains only a mystery how things are, for example, with Russia: either NASA agents managed to infiltrate RosCosmos, or the Russian Federation has long been taking part in these games, having some kind of personal benefit.

However, most flat earthers don't bother with identifying NASA's causes and motives because...

5 Flat Earthers Are Smarter Than Most Scientists Of All Time

Many of the supporters of the idea of ​​​​living on a ball think: I am so modern, I use exclusively proven scientific knowledge and Wikipedia… Yes, I am a man of the future, at least I am John Connor! But listen, man of the future, the fact that the earth was a ball covered with water was recorded in the Bible as far back as 3,500,000 years ago. In 400 BC, that is, 2,500 thousand years ago, this idea began to be widely quoted in the scientific community instead of a strange, but in its own way appropriate version with whales and a turtle. So yes, man of the future, you live with ideas that are thousands of years old.

The flat earth theory, on the other hand, is relatively new, having only been formed during the Victorian era. It was presented to the world by a guy who published under the pseudonym "Parallax" - you must admit, a pretty cool nickname that some troll or liar would not subscribe to. Parallax, colloquially known as Robert Birley Rowbotham, subsequently founded the "exploratory astronomy" school of thought, in which he clarified some of the ideas already mentioned in this article: that the Earth is surrounded by a wall of ice, the Sun and stars are several hundred kilometers away, and everyone who disagrees with this is narrow-minded and gullible goats.

Now that you know that the flat earth theory is based on a book that Parallax wrote, things look a lot more convincing. But if you still have doubts, you may be pleased to know that if you enroll in the Flat Earth Society, then ...

4. You don't need to know how to explain it.

The thought process requires serious energy expenditure of the body, and supporters of the idea of ​​a flat Earth know this. And they are not going to cast pearls in front of pigs, delving into endless disputes with fanatics who believe in the sphericity of our planet. Although sometimes they have a hard time, especially in an academic environment, where they often have to defend themselves from scientists with less strange titles than the “seeking astronomer”. But, fortunately, they developed a universal answer to any questions regarding our world: only God knows what and how it works.

No, seriously - one of the members of the Society, Charles Johnson, until his death in 2001, successfully used this technique, becoming a real professional. Charles gave hundreds of interviews, answering any incomprehensible questions that only God can know how all this is possible. For example, in one of the interviews he was asked how in a flat world there can be solar eclipses. He looked the questioner in the eye and said, "We really shouldn't go through all this..." and then fell silent. When the reporter pressed for a clearer answer, Johnson summed up, "The Bible tells us that heaven is a mystery," and refused to continue the conversation.

It's really great! Because, merging into the ranks of a flat people, it turns out you gain the ability ...

3. win any dispute

If the game "" taught the younger generation something (besides the fact that a hay cart replaces a parachute), then this is a memorable slogan: "Nothing is true everything is permitted". Perhaps, to some extent, this conveys the mood of the adherents of the Flat Earth, when they have to clash in a heated argument with admirers of spherical planets: in order to wipe the nose of the ignorant, it is enough to have patience and sound skepticism.

For example, in an interview with The Guardian, the current president of the Flat Earth Society, Daniel Shenton, easily sidestepped any arguments by insisting that all evidence was cleverly rigged special effects. He explained that he felt perfectly comfortable ignoring thousands of years of "achievements" of so-called science and, more importantly, he himself felt that he was absolutely right. And his instinct, by the way, rarely fails.

Therefore, when you accept the fact that you live on a flat Earth, it is much easier for you to win any argument. No matter what fake pictures and edited videos the opponent shows, it is enough to lean back in your chair, cross your arms over your chest and, grinning, ask if the debater has been in space and seen the globe with his own eyes? Or did others just tell him about it? And even if he claims to have been in space, so be it - but how will he prove that this was not another impressive attraction from NASA, with which he was misled?

Of course, the most cunning debaters at this point may demand evidence in favor of a flat earth. And if Hitler didn’t convince them with Game of Thrones, then here’s a simple but deadly trump card up your sleeve, saved for last ...

2. Horizon line

Let anyone who is trying to interfere with the great theory with dog poop try to photograph the horizon and look at the result - a completely flat line! After that, the haters will only be stunned to shake their heads, coming up with new utter excuses.

One guy, whose mind was clearly not open to the perception of new knowledge, somehow decided to prove that the Earth is not flat and organized a flight to the upper atmosphere, from where he took a picture of the Earth's surface - on it the horizon line was really rounded. The crazed youth immediately tried to troll the representatives of the Society by posting his photo - they say, he personally took it, NASA did not even let him look at it with one eye. But his ardor was broken by a laconic and obvious reality: the edges of a flat Earth must be curved, it is round!

So in the end...

1. Understanding that the Earth is flat will make you special.

It is enough to accept one simple and obvious idea - and now you are already smarter than all your friends and acquaintances. One little effort and you become a truly exclusive person who knows and understands more than anyone else. As with other conspiracy theories, this secret knowledge will allow you not to take personally the feelings and thoughts of others - this is a small sacrifice that must be made on the altar of public education.

In short, once you make the decision to believe that the earth is flat, you will never again have to work on building social connections and convincing others of your own importance - this will become obvious by default, and such silence will envelop your person with an aura of superiority for the rest of your life. the rest of your life.

Don't be a snob... Repost!

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62. PARALLAX

Hello, friends! What if you find out that there is no space, the earth is flat, there are several suns? NASA is funded by the secret world government, led by the Masons, to mislead everyone living on the planet. No one has been in space, the moon is artificial.

Isn't it shocking statements that at first glance seem like the ravings of a crazy ignoramus? But do not rush to twist your finger at the temple.

There is a considerable army of adherents, growing every day, for whom the theory of a flat earth is not nonsense or pseudoscientific fiction, but, on the contrary, seems to be the only truth.

Proponents of this theory conduct experiments, studies, provide hundreds of weighty evidence that we do not live on a geoid ball, spinning around its axis and rushing around the sun at a speed of 30 km per second, but on a flat "plate" covered with a transparent dome .

This topic is incredibly mind-boggling. A thousand and one questions immediately arise: how then do the oceans not pour out, why do we not see the sun at night, what about all these photos and videos of space expeditions, planets, moons, space suits, shuttles, moon rovers, satellites, astronauts? This is what the article will be about.

flat earth society

At school, we were taught that only ancient people believed in such fairy tales. Remember where you can find references to a flat earth? In Sumerian, Scandinavian, cosmogonic mythology, among the ancient inhabitants of Egypt, Babylon, Greece, in biblical legends, Vedic literature, in Hinduism and Buddhism.

This was all in antiquity, in the Middle Ages there were also followers of this theory. In our time, it is generally accepted that the earth has the shape of a ball, or rather, the shape of a geoid, and all ancient ideas are swept aside and recognized modern science absolutely untenable.

However, this does not mean that everyone safely abandoned the ancient treatises, forgot about the ideas of their ancestors and believed school textbooks. There is a so-called "Flat Earth Society". It originated in England in the 19th century with the light hand of the English inventor Samuel Rowbotham. He conducted various experiments and experiments, during which he saw what he wanted to see - the earth is flat.

Under the pseudonym Parallax, he wrote a small book called "Zethetic Astronomy", where he detailed the results of some of his experiments and evidence that the earth is not spherical, and the surface of the world's oceans is a flat plane.

For several years, the book was reprinted, each time the number of pages in it increased, as did the number of followers of Rowbotham's theory. Parallax himself conducted paid lectures, sometimes behaved aggressively, and was even able to attack those who dared to disagree with his point of view.

Followers appeared in America and Europe, the movement subsequently spread throughout the world. Hitler, by the way, was also an adherent of this theory. The most interesting thing is that there are more and more supporters of this idea, the society has broken up into several different movements and organizations.

It doesn't matter that many scientists empirically proved the truth of the statement that the earth is spherical, adherents of the "flat theory" do not pay attention to this and give their unshakable arguments. It is enough to type the appropriate query in the search engine and voila! A whole bunch of videos, facts, evidence, reasoning, rebuttals, forums, discussions on this topic.

But before moving on to describing the most common and similar arguments, let's look at the main postulates of the adherents of the flat earth theory:

• Imagine a disk in the center of which is the north pole, the diameter of the disk is a little more than forty thousand kilometers - this is our planet.
• The earth is covered with a transparent dome, above which the sun rotates and, like spotlights, this provides a change of day and night, gravity, in its usual representation, does not exist.
• There is no Antarctica, and instead of the South Pole, the edge of the earth, it is surrounded by an ice wall around its entire circumference.
• All photographs from space are fakes processed in Photoshop or other programs. Spaceships and other fixtures are made of cardboard and plywood, all space travel is filmed from fictional scenarios on earth.
• The dominant point of view about the sphericity of the earth is just a conspiracy sponsored by the Masons to hide the truth from the entire population of the planet.
• Everyone who knows the truth: scientists, NASA employees, astronauts are funded by Freemasons and are also participants in the conspiracy.

Does the solar system exist

Let's start with the idea of ​​​​the solar system, does it look like it was taught at school: in the center of the Sun, around which the planets revolve, the Earth takes third place. Could this be true? According to the adherents of the flat earth society, of course not.

Why? Everything is logical: such a model of the solar system could exist if the sun hung motionless in space, but this is not so, because everything moves in space. If everything were so, then the sun, according to the logic of things, should fly at great speed, and the planets should follow it and spin in a spiral, but this cannot be.

The second fact: the force of attraction and repulsion of the planets and the sun. The force of attraction allows the planets not to “fly away” from the sun, and the repulsive force allows them not to collide with each other and keep at a certain distance from the sun.

But the masses of the planets are different. And if solar system would exist in the model that is described in books, then planets with a larger mass should be closer to the sun, and with a smaller mass further, since the force of attraction for small planets is required much less than for large ones.

Small planets simply would not have enough repulsive force if they were at such a relatively small distance. So, our planet would be located in sixth place (according to its mass) in a number of other planets and it would be unrealistically cold on earth.

Evidence and facts

We will not torment you and move on to the most interesting: the evidence and facts that adhere to the theory that the earth is a flat disk, not a spinning ball.

Does atmospheric pressure not exist?

Let's figure it out. Atmospheric pressure was discovered empirically by the physicist Evangelista Torricelli, who invented the mercury barometer. He experimented with mercury and water, thus refuting Aristotle's statement that there is no emptiness in nature, that is, there is no vacuum.

Torricelli proved that vacuum exists, and there is also atmospheric pressure, which presses on any body. But this trick doesn't work with water. Why did it turn out with mercury, it can also turn out with alcohol.

In fact, water barometers also exist, but they are very large, because it takes many times more water than alcohol or mercury to start evaporating. You can read more books or the internet about this experience. Yes, the question still arises, where did Torricelli get a whole bucket of mercury, which is thirteen times heavier than water, and even radioactive? But that's another story.

So, as the supporters of the flat earth theory show us, in the case of Torricelli's experiment, no vacuum formed in the test tube, and the resulting apparent emptiness, in fact, just a vapor of mercury, which, at a minimum pressure at the very top of the inverted test tube, began to boil at room temperature. temperature. That is, it turns out that atmospheric pressure does not exist? And there is no gravitational force in the usual representation.

The space above the earth does not move anywhere, it becomes clear, adherents of the flat earth theory suggest looking at birds that fly freely, clouds that move depending on the direction of the wind.

And a helicopter or a balloon in general can hover motionless in the air and their pilots, according to the logic of things (well, if the earth is spherical and rotates) should see the moving earth under them, but this does not happen.

Then, even a stone thrown up and flying for a few seconds, then falling for a few seconds, should land many meters from the place of the throw, if the earth rotates, but this does not happen. Why? Because the earth is flat, the adherents of the anti-scientific theory answer.

Curvature of the earth beyond the horizon

Rowbotham began to conduct these experiments, in our time there are more of them, and they are diversified. If the earth is a sphere, then there is a curvature, and nothing should be visible beyond the horizon line. But in practice, such tall objects as lighthouses, mountains, statues are visible from such distances from which they should be significantly below the horizon line, and, therefore, should not be visible if the earth is spherical.

For example, the Needles lighthouse, located near Hampshire in the UK, whose height is 54 meters, is visible at a distance of up to 60 kilometers, and the curvature of the earth at this distance is 282 meters. It turns out that the point where the lighthouse is located should be 282 meters below the horizon line, if the earth is spherical. But this does not happen - the lighthouse is visible from such a distance.

The situation is the same with ships that are on the high seas, and we look at them from the shore. An illusion is created that moving away from the coast, the ship disappears beyond the horizon, which seems to confirm that the spherical earth has a bend.

However, if we take good equipment and adjust the magnifying zoom, the ship that "disappeared over the horizon" will reappear in our field of vision. That is, our vision is limited by the perspective dispersion point, and not by the horizon line. If you "arm the eye", then there will be no horizon line that limits visibility due to the curvature of the earth.

All photographs from space are a hoax, the sky is a dome, stars and the sun, and indeed the whole world is artificial. Airplane windows give the illusion of a rounded earth, but this is an optical illusion. Look at the UN coat of arms, isn't that a flat earth model?

Flying to the Moon: Truth or Big Deception

Supporters of the flat earth theory claim that the Americans have never been to the moon, for example, consider Apollo 11, on which the inhabitants of the earth allegedly made the first trip to the moon.

If you zoom in on the photo, you can see what the "lunar rover" is made of: oilcloth, cardboard, foil, plastic and other material that is by no means intended to overcome atmospheric pressure, and even more so travel into space.

Click to enlarge

This is just a mock-up photographed against the background of the astronauts, who are all freemasons without exception. In some photos, you can even see that on the fingers of the astronauts or on their wrists there are rings or watches with generally accepted Masonic symbols: a compass and square, inside of which is the letter G.

Where are photos taken from Mars?

The situation is the same with photographs that were allegedly taken on Mars. Adherents of the "flat theory" argue that the images from Mars are actually just processed photographs of the earth's surface, taken in certain places.

Have you seen pictures from the Red Planet - a rocky lifeless place? The fact is that if you pass them through the Photoshop filter, you will see that in these pictures it’s quite earth's surface over which the blue sky stretches. Such landscapes can be found in many regions of our planet.

Air routes

Using the flat earth theory, it is easy to explain some seemingly illogical air travel. For example, from Sydney () to Santiago (Latin America) it is convenient to fly directly with refueling, for example, in New Zealand. But in fact, the route passes through North America.

If you look at a round globe, it turns out that the plane in this case makes a strange angle. And if you transfer the same route to a flat earth map, you can see that this is a direct adequate path.

This can be checked on almost any route, applying which to a flat earth map, it becomes clear that such a flight path is very logical and adequate, which cannot be said about them when applied to a spherical model.

moon, sun, stars

The picture will be incomplete without understanding what is actually (or not really, but according to the adherents of the theory of flat earth) the moon, sun and stars. Here again we see the claim that all photographs "in the moon" are taken on earth.

The Flat Earth Society even conducts special expeditions, the purpose of which is to search for places on our planet where supposedly space photographs are taken. During such an expedition to Iceland in August 2015, they shot landscapes that are exactly the same as those pictures and videos that we are told that they were taken on the moon.

Astronauts participating in the Apollo program (recall that this was the first manned landing on the moon, which ended in 1975) one and all refused to swear on the Bible that they really were on the moon. Fragments of this video are easy to find on the Internet. Some of the astronauts swear, some avoid answering, some rudely send a journalist who asks to swear on the Bible about the reality of walking on the lunar surface.

We present you a video that proves that flying to the moon is a fiction:

If we collect all the arguments, add to them the data obtained as a result of observations by some alternative researchers, season the information received with knowledge about the flat earth and systematize the material, it turns out that the Moon is not a satellite of the earth, it does not exist in principle. How do we see it? This is a huge hologram hanging from above and periodically updated.

Now let's turn to the stars. It is known that astrology is the oldest science and many constellations, such as Ursa Major, were discovered thousands of years ago. And during this time, the constellations have not changed in any way. Isn't it strange if all the bodies in space are constantly moving at a huge different speed?

In addition, if the Earth is constantly rotating around its axis, and even around the sun, then why do we see the same stars above our heads on starry nights? After all, the earth turns to them in different directions, moreover, it flies around the sun, and the stars “stand” as if rooted to the spot in the same place. Doesn't this seem absurd? We don’t know about you, but it seems to supporters of the flat earth theory. They claim that stars are also holograms.

Now let's deal with the Sun. Is the sun also a hologram? There are many pictures, articles and videos that indicate the presence of not one, but many suns, and they "hang" in different parts above our earth and shine in different ways. There are even listings short descriptions all seventeen suns: from California to Chinese. Of course, scientists will say that this is all nonsense. But let's see how the adepts who believe in a flat earth explain this.

The fact is that the sun cannot have such a color as we see it (from yellow to red). Indeed, according to the official theory, the blue color of the sky is due to the fact that the light of the sun, passing through the atmosphere, is divided into spectra and one of the spectra (blue-blue) colors the sky in this color. Why then does the sun itself appear yellow?

Since we see it through the atmosphere, it must also be colored blue, like the sky. Does this mean that we see the sun not through the atmosphere? The sun is not above the atmosphere, but much lower and it is not real? What is the result?

The earth has the shape of a disk and is located under a dome from which artificial hologram lamps shine: the moon, the sun, the stars. If it is interesting to delve into this topic, then books, videos, materials distributed by adherents of the flat earth theory are easy to find.

Closer to the light source - warmer

Everyone loves to give book evidence based on theory. but no one can answer the simplest question without books.

When we get closer to a heat source, we get hotter. Why is it colder at airplane altitude than on the ground? No, do not write about the temperatures of a certain layer of the atmosphere, you still take it again from books and did not check it yourself.

Let's in fact - closer to the heat source - warmer. Those. closer to the sun should be warmer. But this is not actually the case. This suggests that the heat source is false. It must be much hotter in space than on earth in direct sunlight.

False Map of the World (addition)

We supplement this article with new information, which we have taken out in a separate review due to its volume.

- the article clearly considers the sizes of the continents, which are shown by the official source - Yandex.Maps and which strongly contradict the world map that we have known since childhood.

Finally, I would like to point out that all information for the article was prepared and collected from free sources, the purpose of the article is not to persuade readers to one point of view or another. All material is for informational purposes only and we are interested in what you think about the theory of a flat earth. Which evidence seems to be the most weighty, and which is sucked from the finger?

Leading Russian NUMEROLOGIST JULIE PO about the dome and flat earth

Irrefutable evidence of a flat earth - VIDEO film:

Scientists have proven that the Earth is NOT round - VIDEO facts

VOTE - Which Earth?

Article in video format

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