"Constructing a graph of a quadratic function" - 1. Function y \u003d x2. The branches of the parabola are symmetrical with respect to the y-axis. y = x2 The function is quadratic; The graph is a parabola. 4. Algorithm for plotting a graph of a quadratic function. 3. Selection of a square binomial from a square trinomial. The graph is symmetrical with respect to x = 2. Quadratic function. Building a graph.

"Construction of graphs of functions" - Graph of the function y \u003d sinx. Algebra. Topic: Plotting functions. Completed by: Filippova Natalya Vasilievna, mathematics teacher Beloyarskaya secondary comprehensive school No. 1. Plotting the function y = sinx. Line of tangents. Plot the function y=sin(x) +cos(x).

"Graphing" - Build graphs of functions, compression along the y-axis. Find all values ​​of the parameter a for each of which the system. Let's build a graphic image of the correspondences included in the system. There are no solutions if. We determine the signs in the obtained areas, and we obtain the solution of this inequality. 2. We intersect the resulting graph with straight lines perpendicular to the parametric axis.

"Construction of polygons" - In nature, in the world around us, in everyday life - everywhere we see regular polygons. Division into 12 parts. Division into 10 equal parts. The variety of polygons in the human world. Karl Gauss, a first-year student at the University of Göttingen, solved a problem that mathematical science passed for more than two thousand years.

"Construction with a compass and a ruler" - Historians. What knowledge and concepts about the compass go beyond school geometry? Geometric constructions with a compass and straightedge. Researchers. Who and when invented the compass? Seas and deserts, the Earth and the Moon The light of the Sun And snow avalanches ... How to determine the sides of the horizon on the ground using geometric constructions?

"Construction of geometric shapes" - There are no tools for drawing lines and planes in space. Construction tools. Drawing machines pantograph; trammel; thickness gauge; graph plotter computer or computer. P5: Construct (find) the point of intersection of two given circles. coordinate method. L2: construct a straight line passing through two given (constructed) points.

Task III

1. By seasons. For the purpose of clothing. Based on gender and age.

2. according to the needs they satisfy.

3. Aging time and quality. What is it made from. Method of production and composition of wine.

4. Whether done on purpose or by negligence.

5. What time of year can you practice? Are the sports Olympic. Use of technical means. By entertainment. Prevalence in the population. By the number of participants (team, doubles, singles). By gender of the participants. Close to art. How the result is evaluated.

6. Depending on the purpose of engaging in this activity; on the amount of gross income; on the nature of the activity.

7. Depending on what means they use to implement their policies.

8. Attitude to work. Character. Moral qualities. Communication style with students. Working methods. Speech proficiency. Professional competence. way of lecturing. Age. Work on yourself.

9. Depending on the legality of the means chosen. Whether there is initial capital. What features of the character of the personality are realized in this case.

10. Depending on available funds; from realizable needs; on the number of participants and the place of entertainment.

11. Depending on the style of music; from the use of modern technical means; from the national

the national affiliation of composers and performers; the audience for which it is intended.

12. Depending on the purpose of studying at the university; from wearing to studying; on the way of preparing for exams and on the ability to study.

Task IV

1. Deductive reasoning. A mistake is the use of one term in different meanings.

2. Too.

3. The big premise in deductive reasoning is wrong.

4. The big premise, which is an ancient saying, is not absolute truth.

5. The fallacy of hasty generalization in inductive reasoning.

6. The "circle in proof" error.

7. The fallacy of hasty generalization.

8. Base prejudice error.

9. "No output follows" error. The arguments are not related to this thesis.

10. Wrong analogy.

11. Error "After this, then because of

12. Error - not enough arguments.

13. The error of using one term in different meanings in deductive reasoning.

To Chapter 3 "How to Make Your Speech Persuasive"

Task I. Find arguments that can convince.

1. Jogging in the morning: a) a middle-aged lady; b) an old man.

2. Quit smoking:

a) a sixth grader; b) a thirty-year-old woman.

3. Take your clothes to the dry cleaners:

a) a low-income citizen; b) successful.

4. Insure property:

a) a large family; b) a single man; c) director of the company.

5. Study the course of public speaking:

a) a graduate Pedagogical University; b) a graduate of the Polytechnic Academy; c) an employee of the company; d) director of the company.

6. Make a donation to the protection society without pet dogs:

a) an ordinary woman; b) a successful company director.

Task P. Which of the students will prove more convincingly.

1. a) there should be free access to lectures; b) you can not allow free attendance at lectures.

2. a) summer cottage - it's great; b) a dacha is a suitcase without a handle.

3. a) it is urgent to privatize housing; b) there is no point in privatizing housing.

4. a) happiness in marriage is possible only if young people passionately love each other;

b) happiness in marriage is impossible if young people passionately love each other.

Task III. Imagine that you are a seller in a market. Inviting buyers, you need to sell:

a) flippers; b) samovar;

c) a white hand mouse; d) a textbook on the culture of business communication;

e) a large orange umbrella.

To chapter 4 "Culture of speech of a business person"

Students receive assignments on cards. After completion, the task is discussed by the whole group.

Task I. Work out possible spelling errors in words.

1. Catalog, quarter, prettier, aristocracy.

2. Comradely responsibility, for a long time, partner.

3. Inquire, expert, phenomenon, session convening.

4. Consolidation, provision, hosts, Ukrainian.

5. Wholesale prices, gross income, perspective (or perspective).

6. Rampant, start rattling, gas pipeline, oil pipeline.

7. Hosts, briefly, litigation, crowded.

8. Expired, existence, debate, fairway.

9. Trend, test, pace, dispensary.

10. Ringing, bent, intention, intercessor.

11. Intercede, inquire, pantry.

12. Trend, claim, challenger.

13. Competent (or [pent]), ascertain (or [stunt]), escort (or escort), legal adviser (or legal adviser), unprecedented (or [cend]).

14. Language sausage, language error, thieves, in the back, you are right.

15. Simultaneous, deepen, trivialize, normalize.

16. Scissors, read, light, some. (Translate these words into Belarusian.)

17. Intend, accept, in the head.

18. To form, chaos, arrived, long-standing.

Task P. Work on the correctness of speech.

1. Explain the meanings of paronymic words and come up with turns with the words:

Compare and compare; put on and wear. Effective and efficient; economical and eco

nomic.

Ignorant and ignorant.

Single and ordinary; test and test.

Submit and provide; joint stock and joint stock.

Bath and bathroom.

Planning and planning; subscriber and subscription. manage and manage; addressee and addressee. Parliamentarian and parliamentarian.

2. Conjugate a verb understand in the past tense.

3. Conjugate a verb start in past tense.

4. Conjugate a verb take in the past tense.

5. Conjugate a verb want in the present tense.

6. Which is correct: so many or so many, put on or wear glasses, ridicule or ridicule?

7. Comment on the errors in the expressions: criminal offense; open vacancy; price list of prices; memorable souvenir; future prospects; bold risk; first premiere; my autobiography; first baptism of fire; timing.

8. Eliminate verbosity in expressions: every minute of time; step back; in the month of December; meet for the first time; to bequeath; during the summer period; in the end; erroneous delusion.

9. Translate into Russian: lyubou da radzimy; the riddle of the club; dzyakuyu you.

10. Translate into Russian: smyayatstsa z yago; pryysci on the right; flatbread for ycix.

11. Correct expressions: talk about life; walk on the roads; Tol and me.

12. Translate these expressions into Belarusian.

12. Translate into Russian: Zalaty medal; vyalzz dog; savory apple.

13. Decline nouns: choice, funds.

15. Decline combinations: how many rubles; How many children.

16. Explain the meaning of the words: import, priority, harmonize, confidentially, prolongation, legitimacy, adequate, consensus, mentality tet, reputation, dividend, plebiscite.

17. Correct expressions: more beautiful; more easier; more better.

Task III. Edit the phrases; explain the error in the construction of the sentence.

1. The meeting was held with great interest.

2. I noticed a characteristic error.

3. I would like you to pay attention to our organization as soon as possible.

4. He tried to warn the headmaster's misstep.

5. The meeting was attended by a representative from the plant.

6. Having processed these data, a complete picture of the state of affairs emerged.

7. My opinion of him as a person is not bad.

9. Resources were on the agenda.

10. As I was walking up the stairs, a strange announcement caught my eye.

11. I'm tired of wasting my nerves on this question.

12. I understood the hint I was given.

13. We have the cheapest cost of goods.

14. I don't want to escalate the situation.

15. Many succumbed to the trick of apartments, jobs, summer cottages.

16. The information provided in the latest statistical report indicates that the problem has not yet been resolved.

17. Nicholas was waiting for me in the corridor.

18. I have repeatedly pointed out that it is necessary to follow the instructions.

19. All this affects work.

20. Let me raise this toast to our successes.

Task IV. Work on the accuracy and expressiveness of speech.

1. Come up with phrases with the words: patience, patience, tolerance, tolerance.

2. Find synonyms for the word said.

3. Find synonyms for the word walked.

4. Come up with phrases with the words: eat, eat, eat, burst.

5. explain the meaning popular expressions: apple of discord, Sisyphean labor, Gordian knot, Augean knuckles.

6. Explain the meaning of phraseological units: play the first violin, boil in your own juice, remove chips, through stump-deck, teeth to speak, drive by the nose, put on a card.

7. Correct the sentences and explain the errors: Everyone demanded to raise the curtain.

All the same, he will not open the bicycle, He grasps half a word on the fly.

He promised to remove seven skins from him. All this went into our sweat and blood. It's still in the clouds.

The other end of the stick is...

8. Edit:

I remember what pigsties we built! Before him was an alternative: to stay in the village

or return to the city.

I can't eat this porridge in its entirety.

And in the evening, when the whole sky will be strewn with stars, we will trample on the sea again.

9. Continue the phrases: It became clear that the difficulties

With every day will be... We hope that by the end of the year the production level will start... My alarm.,

With every day. The area of ​​saline soils ... every year (increase, increase, increase, intensify).

10. Find clericalism in an excerpt from a parody of a literary article: “... no less important is the reaction of the old woman to the old man’s message to her about his non-use of the fish, the old woman’s use of a number of vulgarisms directed at the old man and compelling him to meet again with the fish, dedicated to the issue about the old trough” (from the book by K. Chukovsky “Alive, like life”).

11. Express an idea without bureaucracy: "Every effort should be made to eliminate the negative consequences of this phenomenon."

12. “Translate” the scientific phrase: “To create a positive mood, one can recommend such a well-known tool as a smile.”

13. Mark clericalism, express thoughts in a colloquial style:

AT there is still a big question about the application of this method. Acid rain has

extremely great harm green spaces. To speed up the decision, I suggest taking a break. Urgent action needs to be taken to ensure energy savings.

14. Is it appropriate to use phraseologism in this sentence: “What we have in mind, I am sure, will make a rustle on our competitors?” What is the best way to express this idea?

15. What did the speaker want to say: “Disabled people and pensioners exist in our country in a rigid form?”

16. How better to express this idea: “You can start creating a child only in a good mood, realizing the full responsibility for this matter” (from a book on self-education)?

Answers

Task I

Use the "Orthoepic Dictionary of the Russian Language".

6. So much, put on glasses, make fun.

7. These expressions contain superfluous words: crime means a crime, a vacancy means a free place, a price list means a collection of prices, a souvenir means something that is given as a keepsake, prospects means something in the future, and so on.

8. Every minute; retreat only back; in de cabra; can only be viewed for the first time; bequeath; summer; eventually; delusion.

9. Love for the motherland, head of the club, thank you.

10. Laugh at him, come on business, best of all.

11. To talk about life is to talk about life, to walk along the roads - to walk on the roads, Tolya and I are Tolyam.

12. gold medal, big dog, delicious apple.

14. One hundred twenty-seven people one hundred twenty-seven people one hundred twenty-seven people one hundred twenty-seven people

one hundred twenty-seven people about one hundred twenty-seven people

March 8th March 8th March 8th March 8th March 8th March 8th

16. Use the "Dictionary of foreign words"

17. Prettier, lighter, better.

Task III

1. The meeting aroused great interest.

2. I noticed a characteristic error for him.

3. I would like you to pay attention to our organization as soon as possible.

4. He tried to warn the director against the wrong step.

5. The meeting was also attended by a representative

6. Having processed these data, we found out a complete picture of the state of affairs.

7. My opinion of him as a person is not bad.

9. The issue of resources was included on the agenda. 10. When I was going up the stairs, in my eyes

rushed a strange announcement.

11. I'm tired of wasting my health on this question.

12. I understood what hint they gave me.

13. We have the lowest cost of goods.

14. I don't want to escalate the atmosphere. Or: I don't want to aggravate the situation.

15. For many, apartments, prestigious jobs, and dachas have become bait.

16. The information provided in the last statute suggests that the problem has not yet been resolved.

17. Nicholas was waiting for me in the corridor.

18. I have repeatedly noted that it is necessary to follow the instructions.

19. All this affects work.

20. Let me raise a glass to our successes. Allow me to make a toast in honor of our successes.

Task IV

1-6. Use the “Dictionary of Synonyms of the Russian Language”, “Educational Dictionary of the Most Common Phraseologisms of the Modern Russian Language” by A.F. Kalashnikova.

7. Everyone demanded to lift the veil. He won't invent the wheel anyway. He grasps everything at a glance.

He promised to skin him (or remove the shavings). All this entered into the blood and flesh.

While this is all unclear and indefinite; there is an expression "to soar in the clouds" (to dream).

But a double-edged sword...

8. I remember what pigsties we built!

He faced a choice: stay in the countryside or return to the city.

I I can't eat all this porridge.

BUT in the evening, when the whole sky will be strewn with stars, we will again reach out to the sea.

9. It became clear that the difficulties would increase every year.

We hope that by the end of the year the level of production will begin to rise.

My anxiety is getting stronger every day. The area of ​​saline soils increases with each

smoke of the year.

11. We will try our best to rectify the situation.

12. To improve your mood, smile.

13. We need to consider whether it is worth using this

Acid rain destroys plants.

So that we can make a decision as soon as possible, I suggest we take a break.

Let's think about how we can save energy.

14. Oh, how worried our competitors will be when they find out what we have in mind!

15. It is not easy for the disabled and pensioners to live here.

16. You need to conceive a child in a good mood

nii, understanding the responsibility of this step.

To Chapter 6 "Secrets of Successful Performance"

Task I. Training the ability to greet the audience.

The purpose of the task is to learn how to make an initial pause and greet the audience in such a way that the intonation expresses the joy of the meeting.

Students take turns coming to the audience and greeting the audience with a gesture.

The teacher makes sure that the speaker's gait is confident, his head is raised. You need to stop in the place from where all those gathered are clearly visible, and the speaker - to everyone. The greeting should be started only after the initial pause, “gathering” everyone with a glance. The gesture should be wide, helping to consistently cover the gaze of all those gathered.

During the second exit after the initial pause, you need to say: "Good to see you." You can help yourself with a gesture.

The teacher makes sure that there is eye contact with everyone, and that the intonation of the greeting corresponds to the meaning of the words.

Students are invited in turn to go out to the audience for the third time and greet everyone with the word “Hello!” with different intonation, expressing:

a) indifference b) edification, severity;

c) the joy of meeting.

The task is considered completed if the speaker walked out with a confident gait, the initial pause was maintained, the joy of meeting with the audience sounded in the greeting, and the speaker's gaze captured all the listeners.

Task II. Practicing the ability to start a speech.

After the greeting, you need to say one or two phrases. It can be a compliment to the audience, a question to the audience, an appeal to those feelings that are in this moment worries people.

Task III. Which entry option is better? The task is given to the whole group. Need to offer

introductory options (introduction and introduction to the topic) that a well-known businessman could use if he was asked to conduct conversations on topics:

1. How to organize your day.

2. How to be successful in business. “Performing” is offered to a) tired students at the end of classes;

b) employees of a firm whose success in business

leave much to be desired.

The purpose of the task is to try to establish emotional contact with this category of listeners, skillfully lead to the topic of the speech.

Variants of introductions are discussed, the best ones are marked.

Task IV. Practicing the ability to start and end a performance.

Students are given cards with the names of topics. They need to offer an introduction and conclusion to these topics (improvisation). Topic examples:

1. Create yourself.

2. Friendship helps to live.

3. Cherish the love.

4. How to live without getting old.

5. reserves of the human psyche.

6. How to learn to control yourself.

7. Space future of mankind.

8. Only mountains can be better than mountains.

9. The sea is a world of beauty and miracles.

10. Music in our life.

11. Beauty will save the world.

Task V. Training the ability to answer questions.

Three students take turns answering questions on their topic. It is necessary each time to rephrase the question, retaining its meaning, and give a short answer.

The “Jury”, selected in advance, evaluates the ability of future speakers to answer questions on a 10-point system, taking into account:

1) how accurately the meaning of the question was understood;

2) brevity and accuracy of answers;

3) impression of the manner of answering (quickness of reaction, self-control, friendly tone).

Task VI. Performance training. Students are encouraged to prepare a mini-speech

nie (for 3 minutes) to each lesson. The topics of speeches, for example, are: “It is interesting to know”, “How I like to have a rest”, “My attitude to entrepreneurship; classical music; mountaineering, etc.” (any topics that have the word "I" or "mine, mine" in the title).

To Chapter 7 "Culture of Controversy"

Task I. The teacher, together with the students, chooses a topic of controversy (thesis), for example: “In our country there should be government censorship of the media” (or “one state language”, “paid healthcare”, “free higher education" etc.). The converse statement (shouldn't...) is the antithesis. Supporters of each statement unite in teams and prepare for the debate, drawing on reference and other literature. It is necessary to clarify all the terms that go into the thesis, analyze the problem according to the plan proposed in Chapter 5 (pp. 72-73), collect all the arguments and prepare a persuasive speech. You should consider a way to refute opponents and criticize their arguments.

The "jury" is invited to the lesson. In the performance of the teams, the following are evaluated:

oratory of the leader of each team; consistency and persuasiveness of each argument; the quality of the rebuttal; questions from both teams; the cohesion of each team; the tone of the debate;

the use of tactics and methods of conducting polemics;

use of tricks and their neutralization. It is recommended to prepare forms for fixing

evaluations of teams' performances taking into account these criteria.

Before giving the floor to the team members, the teacher talks about the purpose of the lesson, introduces the members of the "jury", announces the order of conduct

17. Correct expressions: more beautiful; more easier; more better.

Task III. Edit the phrases; explain the error in the construction of the sentence.

1. The meeting was held with great interest.

2. I noticed a characteristic error.

3. I would like you to pay attention to our organization as soon as possible.

4. He tried to warn the director's wrong move.

5. A representative from the plant was also present at the meeting.

6. Having processed these data, a complete picture of the state of affairs emerged.

7. My opinion of him as a person is not bad.

9. Resources were on the agenda.

10. Climbing the stairs, a strange announcement caught my eye.

11. I'm tired of wasting my nerves on this question.

12. I understood what hint I was given.

13. We have the cheapest cost of goods.

14. I don't want to escalate the situation.

15. Many succumbed to the trick of apartments, jobs, summer cottages.

16. The information provided in the last statistic indicates that the problem has not yet been solved.

17. Nikolai was waiting for me in the corridor.

18. I have repeatedly noted that it is necessary to follow the instructions.

19. All this affects the work.

20. Allow me to raise this toast to our successes.

Task IV. Work on the accuracy and expressiveness of speech.

1. Come up with phrases with the words: patience, patience, tolerance, tolerance.

2. Find synonyms for the word said.

3. Find synonyms for the word walked.

4. Come up with phrases with the words: eat, eat, eat, eat.

5. Explain the meaning of popular expressions: apple of discord, Sisyphean labor, Gordian knot, Augean stables.

6. Explain the meaning of phraseological units: play the first violin, boil in your own juice, remove chips, through a stump-deck, speak your teeth, drive by the nose, put on a card.

7. Correct the sentences and explain the errors: Everyone demanded to raise the curtain.

All the same, he will not open the bicycle, He grasps half a word on the fly.

Workshops

Workshops

He promised to remove seven skins from him. All this went into our sweat and blood. It's still in the clouds. The other end of the stick is...

8. Edit:

I remember what pigsties we built!

Before him was an alternative: to stay in the village or return to the city.

I can't eat this porridge in its entirety.

And in the evening, when the whole sky will be strewn with stars, we will trample on the sea again.

9. Continue the phrases: It became clear that there will be difficulties every day ... We hope that by the end of the year the level of production will begin ... My anxiety., every day. The area of ​​saline soils ... every year (increase, increase, increase, intensify).

10. Find clericalism in an excerpt from a parody of a literary article: “... no less important is the reaction of the old woman to the old man’s message to her about his non-use of the farming of the fish, the old woman’s use of a number of vulgarisms directed at the old man and compelling him to a second meeting with a fish, dedicated to the question of the old trough ”(from the book by K. Chukovsky“ Alive, like life ”).

11. Express an idea without clericalism: "Every effort should be made to eliminate the negative consequences of this phenomenon."

12. "Translate" a scientific phrase: "To create a positive mood, you can recommend such a well-known tool as a smile."

13. Mark clericalism, express thoughts in a colloquial style:

There is still a big question regarding the application of this method. Acid rain is extremely damaging to green spaces. To speed up the decision, I suggest taking a break. Urgent action needs to be taken to ensure energy savings.

14. Is it appropriate to use phraseologism in this sentence: “What we have in mind, I am sure, will make a rustle on our competitors?” What is the best way to express this idea?

15. What did the speaker want to say: “Disabled people and pensioners exist in our country in a tough form?”

16. What is the best way to express this idea: “You can start creating a child only in a good mood, realizing the full responsibility for this matter” (from a book on self-education)?

Task I

Use the "Orthoepic Dictionary of the Russian Language".

Task II

2. (I, you, he) understood (she) understood

(it) understood

3. (I, you, he) started (she) started (it) started

4. (I, you, he) accepted (she) accepted (it) accepted

5. (I) want (you) want

(he, she, it) wants

(we, you, they) understood

(we, you, they) started

(we, you, they) accepted

(we) want (you) want (they) want

6. So much, put on glasses, make fun.

Workshops

Workshops

7. These expressions contain superfluous words: crime means a crime, vacancy means a free place, price list means a collection of prices, souvenir means something that is given as a keepsake, prospects means something in the future, etc.

8. Every minute; retreat only back; in December; can only be viewed for the first time; bequeath; summer; eventually; delusion.

9. Love for the motherland, head of the club, thank you.

10. Laugh at him, come on business, best of all.

11. Talking about life - gavarty pr zhytstse, walking along the roads - hadzsch on roads, Tolya and I - we are Tolyam.

12. Gold medal, big dog, delicious apple.

13. Elections Elections Elections Elections Elections About Elections

Funds

funds

funds

means

affordable

14. One hundred twenty-seven people one hundred twenty-seven people one hundred twenty-seven people one hundred twenty-seven people one hundred twenty-seven people about one hundred twenty-seven people

March 8th March 8th March 8th March 8th March 8th March 8th

15. How many rubles how many rubles how many rubles how many rubles how many rubles about how many rubles

how many children how many children how many children how many children how many children about how many children

16. Use the "Dictionary of foreign words"

17. Prettier, lighter, better.

Task III

1. The meeting aroused great interest.

2. I noticed a characteristic error for him.

3. I would like you to pay attention to our organization as soon as possible.

4. He tried to warn the director against a wrong step.

5. A representative of the plant was also present at the meeting.

6. Having processed this data, we found out a complete picture of the state of affairs.

7. My opinion of him as a person is not bad.

9. The issue of resources was included on the agenda.

10. When I was going up the stairs, a strange announcement caught my eye.

11. I'm tired of wasting my health on this question.

12. I understood what hint they gave me.

13. We have the lowest cost of goods.

14. I don't want to escalate the atmosphere. Or: I don't want to aggravate the situation.

Workshops

Workshops

15. For many, apartments, prestigious jobs, and dachas have become bait.

16. The information given in the last statute suggests that the problem has not yet been resolved.

17. Nikolai was waiting for me in the corridor.

18. I have repeatedly noted that it is necessary to follow the instructions.

19. All this affects the work.

20. Let me raise a glass to our successes. Let me make a toast to our successes.

Task IV

1-6. Use the "Dictionary of Synonyms of the Russian Language", "Training Dictionary of the Most Common Phraseological Units of the Modern Russian Language" by A.F. Kalashnikova.

7. Everyone demanded to lift the veil. He won't invent the wheel anyway. He grasps everything at a glance.

He promised to skin him (or remove the shavings). All this entered into the blood and flesh. While this is all unclear and indefinite; there is an expression "to soar in the clouds" (to dream). But a double-edged sword...

8. I remember what pigsties we built!

He faced a choice: stay in the countryside or return to the city.

I can't eat all this porridge.

And in the evening, when the whole sky will be dotted with stars, we will again reach out to the sea.

9. It became clear that the difficulties would increase every year.

We hope that by the end of the year the level of production will begin to rise.

My anxiety is getting stronger every day. The area of ​​saline soils is increasing every year.

11. We will try with all our might to correct the situation.

12. To improve your mood, smile.

13. We need to consider whether this method is worth using.

Acid rain destroys plants. So that we can make a decision as soon as possible, I suggest we take a break.

Let's think about how we can save energy.

14. Oh, how worried our competitors will be when they find out what we have in mind!

15. It is not easy for the disabled and pensioners to live with us.

16. You need to conceive a child in a good mood, understanding the responsibility of this step.

To Chapter 5 "Preparing for a Monologue Speech"

Task I. Studying on specific examples of the communication system: Topic - Audience - Purpose - Main idea - Advertising name.

1. Determine the purpose and main idea of ​​the conversation on the topics:

"Organization of working time is a necessary means of increasing labor productivity":

a) in a student group;

b) with businessmen.

« educational institution which I finished":

a) a story in a youth company;

b) a conversation with the director of the company in which you want to work.

2. Justify the choice of topic, purpose and main idea of ​​your future presentation in the group.

3. Discussion of the final plan of the speech in accordance with the logic of the disclosure of the topic and the amusement of the presentation.

Task II. Comment on the use of numbers in the newspaper publications proposed by the teacher.

Task Sh. The teacher invites students to write down some sayings of great people. Gives home assignments for working with them: free retelling, value judgments, creative development thoughts. Then the tasks are discussed.

To Chapter 6 "Secrets of Successful Performance"

Task I. Training the ability to greet the audience.

The purpose of the task is to learn how to make an initial pause and greet the audience in such a way that the intonation expresses the joy of the meeting.

Students take turns coming to the audience and greeting the audience with a gesture.

The teacher makes sure that the gait of the orator is confident, the head is raised. You need to stop in the place from where all those gathered are clearly visible, and the speaker - to everyone. Greetings should be started only after the initial pause, “gathering” everyone with a glance. The gesture should be wide, helping to consistently cover the gaze of all those gathered.

During the second exit after the initial pause, you need to say: "Good to see you." You can help yourself with a gesture.

The teacher makes sure that there is eye contact with everyone, and the intonation of the greeting corresponds to the meaning of the words.

Students are invited in turn to go out to the audience for the third time and greet everyone with the word “Hello!” with different intonation, expressing:

a) indifference

b) edification, severity;

c) the joy of meeting.

The task is considered completed if the speaker walked out with a confident gait, the initial pause was maintained, the joy of meeting with the audience sounded in the greeting, and the speaker's gaze captured all the listeners.

Workshops

Workshops

Task II. Training the ability to start a speech.

After the greeting, you need to say one or two phrases. It can be a compliment to the audience, a question to the audience, an appeal to those feelings that are currently worrying people.

Task III. Which entry option is better?

The task is given to the whole group. It is necessary to offer options for the introduction (introduction and introduction to the topic), which a well-known businessman could use if he was asked to conduct conversations on the topics:

1. How to organize your day.

2. How to succeed in business. "Speak" is invited to

a) tired students at the end of classes;

b) employees of a firm whose business success leaves much to be desired.

The purpose of the task is to try to establish emotional contact with this category of listeners, skillfully lead to the topic of the speech.

Variants of introductions are discussed, the best ones are marked.

Task IV. Practicing the ability to start and end a performance.

Students are given cards with the names of topics. They need to offer an introduction and conclusion to these topics (improvisation). Topic examples:

1. Create yourself.

2. Friendship helps to live.

3. Cherish love.

4. How to live without getting old.

5. Reserves of the human psyche.

6. How to learn to control yourself.

7. Space future of mankind.

8. Only mountains can be better than mountains.

9. The sea is a world of beauty and miracles.

10. Music in our life.

11. Beauty will save the world.

Task V. Training the ability to answer questions.

Three students take turns answering questions on their topic. It is necessary each time to rephrase the question, retaining its meaning, and give a short answer.

The “jury”, selected in advance, evaluates the ability of future speakers to answer questions on a 10-point system, taking into account:

1) how accurately the meaning of the question was understood;

2) brevity and accuracy of answers;

3) the impression of the manner of answering (speed of reaction, self-control, friendly tone).

Task VI. Performance training.

Students are invited to prepare a mini-speech (for 3 minutes) for each lesson. The topics of speeches, for example, are: “It's interesting to know”, “How I like to relax”, “My attitude to entrepreneurship; classical music; mountaineering, etc.” (any topics that have the word "I" or "mine, mine" in the title).

Workshops

To Chapter 7 "Culture of Controversy"

Task I. The teacher, together with the students, chooses a topic of controversy (thesis), for example: “In our country there should be government censorship of the media” (or “one state language”, “paid healthcare”, “free paid higher education”, etc.). The reverse statement (shouldn't...) is the antithesis. The supporters of each statement unite in teams and prepare for the debate, drawing on reference and other literature. It is necessary to clarify all the terms that go into the thesis, analyze the problem according to the plan proposed in Chapter 5 (pp. 72-73), collect all the arguments and prepare a persuasive speech. You should consider a way to refute opponents and criticize their arguments.

The "jury" is invited to the lesson. In the performance of the teams, the following are evaluated:

oratory of the leader of each team; consistency and persuasiveness of each argument; the quality of the rebuttal; questions from both teams; the cohesion of each team; the tone of the debate;

the use of tactics and methods of conducting debate;

use of tricks and their neutralization.

Before giving the floor to the team members, the teacher talks about the purpose of the lesson, introduces the members of the "jury", and announces the order of the discussion. He intervenes in the course of the controversy only if it is necessary to stop prohibited methods. After the conclusion of the debate and the verdict of the “jury”, the participants discuss what they have learned from this activity.

Task II. Discussion on the topic "How to start your own business." Analysis of the controversy that has arisen, assessment of the behavior of its participants.

Listeners are invited to determine the sequence of actions necessary to start the release of a new product (what kind of product it is, the group decides):

2) find raw materials;

3) develop a technology for the manufacture of goods;

4) purchase equipment;

5) find a place to work;

6) conclude a contract for the supply of raw materials;

7) to study the need of the population for this product;

8) obtain a license for this activity;

9) to form a labor collective;

10) conclude a contract for the lease of premises.

Then the listeners are united in teams and jointly determine the sequence of their actions.

After that, representatives of different teams defend their correctness on each item.

The "Jury" evaluates the persuasiveness of the argumentation and the culture of polemics of each participant in the game. In conclusion, it summarizes the "battles" on all issues.

According to this principle, a discussion can be organized on any topic that is close to the interests of the listeners and the circle of their knowledge.

Task III. Business game "Performance"

This game sums up the learning of the art of public speaking.

The purpose of the game is to give an idea of ​​the complexity of oratorical art, the need for careful preparation for a speech, using the example of three speeches.

The main tasks of the game:

1. Develop the skill of public speaking.

2. Teach to parry remarks, answer questions, argue.

3. To form the ability to analyze the speaker's speech and critically evaluate his speech.

For 4 training hours, you can spend 3 cycles of a business game.

Playing roles:

1. Speaker.

2. "Opponent".

3. "A dull listener."

4. "Inquisitive listener."

5. 11 "reviewers"

Speakers are appointed in advance. They make presentations that they began to prepare after studying the topic “Preparing for a monologue speech”. 15 minutes are allotted for the presentation.

The task for the “Opponent” is to critically evaluate the performance. Remarks are allowed in the course of the speech, polemical statements, but in the correct form. After the speech, you should ask a question or speak out about any provision of the speech from a critical position, try to provoke the speaker into an argument or engage in controversy.

The task for the “Incomprehensible listener” is to ask the speaker a question that requires clarification of a term or any provision of the speech.

The task for the “Inquisitive listener” is to ask the speaker an additional question on the topic.

Tasks for "Reviewers" - to analyze the performance:

1. Was the title of the speech a good one? Justify your opinion.

What is the main idea of ​​the speech? What goal, in your opinion, did the Speaker set for himself and did he manage to achieve it?

2. Type of entry. Is it successful? What is the type of closing?

3. Was the presentation intelligible? Did the speaker explain the meaning of the terms? How did he do it?

4. Was the presentation consistent? What is his plan? Is the composition of the performance interesting?

5. What presentation techniques did the Speaker use?

6. Did the Speaker substantiate his thoughts? How? How convincing?

7. Did the speaker manage to establish contact with the audience? If yes, what contributed to it? If not, why not?

Note the demeanor (poses, gestures), intonation, emotionality of the Speaker, eye contact with the audience.

8. What can you say about his culture of speech?

9. Did the speaker respond well to questions?

10. Did you successfully argue with your opponent?

11. General impression of the performance. Wishes to the Speaker to improve his skills.

Listeners who have not received special tasks are invited to respond to the speech naturally, if they wish, to ask questions.

101 Practice

To chapter 8 "Perception and understanding of the communication partner"

Task I. Listeners take turns talking about a dialogue with an unfamiliar passenger (see task for independent work after studying chapter 8). The teacher and other students evaluate the completeness and sharpness of the observations, the validity of the assumptions, the causes of stereotyping errors.

Task II. The listeners, having broken into pairs, silently look at each other for 6 seconds. Then the teacher invites a couple to the table. Without looking at the partner, you need to describe the features of his face, name the color of his eyes, hair, face shape, etc. Then you need to call main feature partner's appearance.

The fulfillment of this task is possible only in an atmosphere of goodwill, respect for each other, with the desire to find something beautiful and remarkable in the appearance of a partner. Creating such an atmosphere depends on the teacher.

Task III. To study the features of perception, the teacher suggests the following:

1. Shows a portrait of a person known to him for 5-7 seconds and asks to describe his appearance, give a psychological portrait, guess the profession.

It is interesting and useful to compare different impressions. Students come to the conclusion about the individuality of perception, the difference between information and interpretation, the influence of stereotypes.

The course of one cycle of the game:

1. The teacher distributes tasks to all participants in the game.

2. Statement by the Speaker.

The teacher monitors the correctness of the Opponent's behavior.

3. Controversy with the Opponent.

4. Answers to listeners' questions.

5. Speeches of the Reviewers with the analysis of the message.

6. Listeners from the seat complete the answers.

7. The teacher clarifies and summarizes what was said. For the second and third cycles, games are assigned

other members.

After finishing business game the teacher summarizes.

Workshops

2. The teacher reads a biography of some person and asks the audience to retell it, highlighting the most important thing. It turns out that this is the

noe” does not match for many listeners, reflecting what is important, significant for everyone.

3. The teacher invites the participants to describe how they would like to be perceived. Participants then take out sheets of paper on which they describe the impression they think they make (assignment for self-study after studying chapter 8). By comparing these descriptions, useful conclusions can be drawn for each.

Task IV. This task allows you to test the ability to put yourself in the place of a partner, to understand his feelings.

The teacher describes, for example, the following situation. “Suppose you asked a friend to collect some information for you. A friend comes up to you in a good mood and says that he will now tell you in detail about everything that he has learned. But you no longer need this information and you now have absolutely no time. How will your explanation with a friend go? Participants are divided into pairs and act out this situation. Impressions are discussed in the group. The teacher asks questions that help to find out the ability to decenter everyone.

on behalf of this character. In the first part of the ad, given from a third person, you need to introduce it: describe the appearance, the most character traits, interests and hobbies, the second part of the announcement is an “order” for a future life partner: his appearance, character traits.

"Marriage announcements" sound in turn. You need to listen carefully so as not to miss "your pair". In the end, everyone finds each other and become close. For the teacher, it is also informative how the pairs are formed.

The course of the game is discussed and commented on.

Examples of "marriage couples":

tie - shirt

pencil - paper

candlestick - candle

record player

steering wheel - car

sofa - cushion

table - tablecloth

coast - river

pen - rod

pool - water.

Task V. "Marriage announcements".

During the game, the ability for decentration, objective perception of a partner, and the ability to analyze are revealed. The game develops imagination and speech. The psychologist teacher will be able to see the psychological problems of some participants in the game.

Workshops

Task I. Checking observation.

Several people go out the door, the rest are observers. The teacher takes a certain posture, sitting on a chair. A listener enters the audience, who, after a few seconds, takes the teacher's place and assumes the same pose. Then the next listener enters, and everything repeats again. When the last member of the group sits down on a chair, the teacher sits on a nearby chair and assumes the starting position. Everyone has the opportunity to compare poses and identify the most observant.

Task II. Verification of Bennett's rule.

a) In the center of the audience in a certain position, the listener freezes. The rest take turns answering the following questions:

1) What do you think this posture expresses?

2) What emotions does it evoke in you?

Differences in interpretation of posture by different listeners

and in the emotions it evokes confirms Bennett's rule.

b) The teacher invites the listeners to determine the social status, internal state, attitude to the topic of conversation and to each other of the participants in the conversation shown in Figure b (p. 159). The listeners' opinions are compared and discussed in the group2.

Task III. Students are divided into pairs and sit facing each other. They alternately take postures corresponding to their condition and mood. The partner must guess them. To make it easier, the partner is recommended to take the same position. It is interesting to compare the partner's interpretation of the posture before and after.

The result of the exercise is discussed in the group. It turns out that most of the listeners were able to guess the partner's mood by his posture. This was facilitated by imitation of the pose. Exceptions confirm Bennett's rule.

Task IV. An exercise illustrating the importance of posture imitation and mirroring to create a favorable communication atmosphere.

Listeners are divided into pairs. The first numbers begin to tell the second about how they spent yesterday. For those listening to the task, during the first three minutes, take a pose that imitates the pose of the narrator and “mirror” his gestures. Then take an arbitrary posture (with the exception of the posture of attention) and stop “mirroring” the partner. As a rule, shortly after this, the desire to tell disappears, and the partner falls silent. Participants change roles and the exercise is repeated. The result - impressions, sensations - is discussed in the group.

Task V. Training the ability to "mirror".

Listeners are divided into pairs and arranged randomly. In each pair, a master and a slave are determined. The teacher begins to slowly, with pauses, read some text that is easy to accompany with expressive gestures, for example, Krylov's fable "The Crow and the Fox". The leader of the couple accompanies the words of the fable with gestures. Follower repeats his movements. The teacher reads the text again. Roles in pairs change.

The task can be repeated with a different text.

Workshops

Task VI. Training the ability to influence the state of the partner. The beginning of the exercise repeats exercise V. But the “follower” receives the task: at some point to seize the initiative. While the teacher is reading the fable, the first leader can again force them to imitate themselves.

The result of the exercise is discussed: was it easy to seize the initiative? Why is this training necessary?

Oratory art and businesscommunication/ O. A. Baeva...

1. The meeting was held with great interest. (The meeting was very interesting) -
2. I noticed a characteristic error. (I noticed a characteristic error for him)
3. I would like you to pay attention to our organization as soon as possible. (I would like you to pay attention to our organization as soon as possible)
4. He tried to warn the director's wrong move. (He tried to warn the director against a wrong step)
5. A representative from the plant was also present at the meeting. (A plant representative was also present at the meeting)
6. Having processed these data, a complete picture of the state of affairs emerged. (After processing this data, the picture of the state of affairs fully manifested)
7. My opinion of him as a person is not bad. (My attitude towards him as a person is not bad)
8. After reading the literature recommended by the teacher, many difficult questions became clear to the students. (After reading the literature recommended by the teacher, many difficult questions became clear to the students). Grammar mistake. Incorrect use of the participial phrase in a sentence.

9. The issue of resources was on the agenda. (The issue of resources was on the agenda). Lexical error, "question" cannot "stand".
10. Climbing up the stairs, a strange announcement caught my eye. (As I was walking up the stairs, a strange announcement caught my eye.) Grammar mistake. Misuse participle turnover in a sentence.
11. I'm tired of wasting my nerves on this question. (I'm tired of being nervous about this issue). Speech. vernacular. This is obviously a waste of energy, health. This proposal is not appropriate.
12. I understood what hint they gave me. (I understood what I was hinted at).
13. We have the cheapest cost of goods. (We have the cheapest goods) . Speech, violation of lexical compatibility: low cost, cheap goods.
14. I don't want to escalate the situation. (I don't want to escalate the situation). Speech, it is more appropriate to say "glow".
15. Nikolai was waiting for me in the corridor. (Nikolai was waiting for me in the corridor). Grammar, misuse of prepositions.
16. I have repeatedly noted that it is necessary to follow the instructions. (I have repeatedly noted that it is necessary to follow the instructions). Grammar, misuse of prepositions.
17. All this affects the work. (All this affects the work). Grammatical, wrong ending in declension.
18. Let me raise this toast to our successes. (Allow me to make this toast to our successes). Speech, a toast is a short table speech, it cannot be drunk or raised, but it can be pronounced, proclaimed, etc.

 
Some I tried myself, I don’t know if it’s right or not. Please, knowledgeable people!

6. Having processed these data, a complete picture of the state of affairs emerged. (After processing this data, the picture of the state of affairs fully manifested)
Didn't fix it.
After processing these data, the state of affairs was fully manifested.

9. The question was put on the agenda ...

11. I'm tired of wasting my nerves on this question. (I'm tired of being nervous about this issue) It was vernacular, I became a clerk.)))
11. I'm tired of being nervous about this OCCASION

16. I have repeatedly noted that it is necessary to follow the instructions. (I have repeatedly noted that it is necessary to follow the instructions).
I have repeatedly noted that it is necessary to follow the instructions. WITHOUT "THAT".

18. Hmm... "Raising a toast" is perfectly acceptable.))

P.S. In, even in the dictionary I found:
1. TOAST, -a; m. toast]
A table wish, an offer to drink wine in honor of someone or something. ; toast. Proclaim, pronounce t. Raise t. Drink t. For the health of the mistress of the house. T. in honor of the birthday man.
(Big dictionary Kuznetsova)

P.P.S. I would drop the word "this".
Let me raise a toast to our successes.

Topic 9. BARRIERS IN COMMUNICATION

The only way to set people up
to vigorous activity is to communicate with them.

Lee Iacocca

Interaction barriers: motivational barrier, ethical barrier, barrier of communication styles.

Barriers of perception and understanding: aesthetic barrier, different social status, barrier negative emotions, health status, psychological protection, installation barrier, double barrier.

Communication barriers: incompetence, inability to express one's thoughts, poor speech technique, inability to listen, modality barrier, character barrier.

How to overcome communication barriers? Our typical mistakes: incorrect expectations for a partner; it seems to us that the partner should guess what we feel; we do not catch the subtext of the conversation; if a person’s behavior is unpleasant for us, it seems to us that he treats us badly or even does it to spite us; We try to meet the expectations of the interlocutor. To overcome barriers in communication, you need to "diagnose" yourself or your partner and build your behavior in such a way as to reduce or eliminate the barrier.

Questions for self-control

1. How are the features of perception related to the emergence of barriers to perception?

2. What are communication barriers?

3. Name the main characteristics of the logical barrier and ways to overcome them.

4. What are the main characteristics of the barrier of perception and understanding and ways to overcome it.

5. Name the main characteristics of the semantic barrier and ways to overcome it.

6. What are the main characteristics of the phonetic barrier and ways to overcome it.

7. What are the main characteristics of the interaction barrier and ways to overcome it.

Exercise 1

Determine if you have the skills of a person who is pleasant to communicate with:

Do you know how to say hello so that you smile back?

Do you know how to interrupt a protracted conversation in such a way that the interlocutor does not take offense at you?

Do you know how to defuse the situation with a joke, cool the boiled passions?

Do you know how to refuse a person who turned to you with a tactless or untimely request so as not to break off relations with him?

If someone is rude to you, can you not respond with rudeness? Are you able to calmly answer a rude person or in some other way besiege him?

Can you say goodbye in such a way that you want to see you again?

Task 2

Tell us about your experience of overcoming communication barriers. Discuss problem situations.

Task 3

Euphemisms are soft equivalents of rather harsh words or expressions that are preferable to be veiled, for example, instead of "he died" - "he passed away", "poor" - "needy", "old man" - "advanced man", etc. P. Think of at least 10 words that are unpleasant for your partner, and choose euphemisms for them.

Task 4

Name polite forms of request ( please be so kind etc.), then polite refusal forms ( unfortunately I can't help you; it's not in my power etc.)

Recall the preference in certain situations for requests in the subjunctive mood ( I would like to), the answer according to the formula yes, but....

Find formulas of request and refusal that are appropriate in communication with a colleague, with a superior person, with a client of the company.

Task 5

Break into pairs. One partner must come up with a tactless request, the other must refuse this request, but in such a way as not to be considered a bore and not to break off relations with a person.

Task 6

Work on the correctness of speech.

1.Comment on errors in expressions: criminal offense, vacancy, price list, memento, future prospects, bold risk, first premiere, my autobiography, first baptism of fire, timing of time.

2. Eliminate verbosity in expressions: every minute of time, step back, in the month of December, for the first time to meet, bequeath to the inheritance, in the summer time, an erroneous delusion.

3. Explain the meanings of paronyms and come up with turns with the words: compare and compare; put on and dress; effective and efficient; economical and economical; ignorant and ignorant; bath and bathroom; single and ordinary; test and test; present and provide; joint-stock and joint-stock; planning and planning; subscriber and subscription; manage and manage; addressee and addressee; parliamentarian and parliamentarian.

4. Explain the meaning of the words: import, priority, harmonize, confidentially, prolongation, legitimacy, adequate, consensus, mentality, reputation, dividend, plebiscite.

Task 7

Work out possible spelling errors in words:

1) directory, quarter, prettier, aristocracy;

2) comradely responsibility, for a long time, partner;

3) inquire, expert, phenomenon, convening a session;

4) strengthening, provision, hosts, Ukrainian;

5) wholesale prices, gross income, perspective;

6) unrestrained, start, rattle, gas pipeline, oil pipeline;

7) hosts, briefly, litigation, closely;

8) calls, bent, intention, intercessor;

9) solicit, inquire, pantry;

10) language sausage, language error, thieves, in the back, you are right;

11) simultaneous, deepen, trivialize, standardize;

12) scissors, read, light, some;

13) intend, accept, in the head;

14) to form, chaos, arrived, long-standing;

15) expired, existence, debate, fairway;

16) test, pace, dispensary, demagogy;

17) trend, claim, challenger, neckline;

18) competent (or [pent]), state (or [stunt]), escort (or escort), legal adviser (or legal adviser), unprecedented (or [cend]).

Task 8

1. Conjugate verbs understand, begin, accept in the past tense, and the verb to want- in present time.

2.How to: so much or so many glasses to put on or dress up, make fun of or make fun of?

3.Correct the expressions: talk about life, walk the roads, Tolya and I.

4. Decline nouns: elections, means.

6.Fix expressions: more beautiful, lighter, better, cheaper.

Task 9

Edit the phrases, explain the error in the construction of the sentence.

1. The meeting was held with great interest.

2. I noticed a characteristic error.

3. I would like you to pay attention to our organization as soon as possible.

4. He tried to warn the director's wrong move.

5. A representative from the plant was also present at the meeting.

6. Having processed these data, a complete picture of the state of affairs emerged.

7. My opinion of him as a person is not bad.

9. The issue of resources was on the agenda.

10. Climbing up the stairs, a strange announcement caught my eye.

11. I'm tired of wasting my nerves on this question.

12. I understood what hint they gave me.

13. We have the cheapest cost of goods.

14. I don't want to escalate the situation.

15. Nikolai was waiting for me in the corridor.

16. I have repeatedly noted that it is necessary to follow the instructions.

17. All this affects the work.

18. Let me raise this toast to our successes.

Task 10

Explain the meaning of winged expressions and phraseological units: apple of discord, Sisyphean labor, Gordian knot, Augean stables, play first violin, stew in one's own juice, remove shavings, through a stump-deck, speak teeth, lead by the nose, put on a card.

Task 11. "Marriage announcements"

Each participant receives a card with the name of some object that has characteristic properties: for the completeness of existence, he needs another object that complements him. Each participant in the game pronounces the text of the "marriage announcement" on behalf of his subject. In the first part of the ad, you need to present your subject: describe its appearance, most characteristic features, interests and hobbies; the second part of the announcement is an “order” for a future life partner: his appearance, character traits, interests.

The announcement is made correctly if it was possible to find those main features of the subject and its "halves", the combination of which forms a strong union, will fill the "life" of both with meaning. You need to listen carefully so as not to miss your pair.