The main reasons for borrowing English vocabulary The emergence of new concepts, objects. The acquisition of the status of the language of international communication by English. Changes in the sphere of political life, economy, culture and moral orientation of society. Development of the latest information and computer technologies, the emergence of the global Internet. Pop culture.

Research results 129 people were interviewed. 129 people were interviewed. In everyday life, words from the English language are encountered In everyday life, words from the English language are encountered - often - 69 people - from time to time - 25 people - rarely - 35 people

Results of the study Areas of life in which words from the English language are most often used Areas of life in which words from the English language are most often used - culture and sports - 19 people - media and political life - 36 people - everyday life - 53 people - science and equipment - 21 people

Conclusion based on the results of the study 1. All groups of respondents noted the high frequency of the use of English words in Russian. 2. Most survey participants often use English borrowings in their speech. 3. The most common anglicisms are found in everyday life, media and politics, science and technology.

Anglicisms in Culture and Sports Volleyball Volleyball Football Football Basketball Basketball Ice Hockey Baseball Baseball Shaping Shaping Fitness Fitness Diving Diving Bowling Bowling Athlete Athlete Jazz Jazz Blues Blues Single Single Western Western Thriller Rock Rock Rap Rap Pop Group Pop Group Hip-Hop Hip- hop bestseller bestseller

English borrowings in everyday life Jeans Jeans Sweater Sweater Jacket Jacket Baseball cap Baseball cap Mix Mix Club Cafe Cafe Supermarket Supermarket Second-hand Second-hand Motel Motel Snickers Snickers Hamburger Hamburger Chips Chips Hot Dog Hot Dog Sprite Sprite Video Salon Video Salon Student Biker Biker Shopping Shopping Manager Manager

English in Science and Technology Conveyor Conveyor Container Container Radar Radar Mixer Mixer Mixer Toaster Toaster Roaster Roster Blender Blender

Conclusion: 1. The frequency of using borrowings from the English language in the speech of the Russian-speaking population is very high. 1. The frequency of using borrowings from the English language in the speech of the Russian-speaking population is very high. 2. The most common anglicisms are found in everyday life, media and politics, science and technology. 2. The most common anglicisms are found in everyday life, media and politics, science and technology. 3. The expediency of using English words by the media is not always justified. 3. The expediency of using English words by the media is not always justified.

English plays a big role in our life. Every year more and more people study it, and far from simply expanding their horizons, English is becoming the universal language of communication for people of different nationalities and cultures.

During our summer trip, we increasingly began to pay attention to the abundance of foreign words around us and think about the meanings and reasons for their use. This may indicate that the English language is becoming essential for modern people. Here are some of the signs we saw at Steak house, Hotel, Fashion, Forward, Wonderhall and many more. It is difficult for a person unfamiliar with English to understand their meaning, it is difficult to find the right building. And going into a regular supermarket in our hometown, and not only in Yaransk, we see a lot of product names in English. And there were other questions as well.

Why do products have English names?

Where did the names in English come from?

How do the names appear?

SLIDE
All this influenced the choice our research topics"English aliens in supermarkets" or "English around us". The choice of this topic is justified by its relevance, most of the residents do not understand the meaning of what is written in English and do not attach much importance, which may contain important information. What do these signs in the store say? My research is aimed at finding an answer to this question.

Object of study- English-language inscriptions in the supermarkets of the city of Yaransk.

Subject of research- the ratio of inscriptions in English and Russian.

Hypothesis- the level of English proficiency allows you to navigate the inscriptions and correctly use the written information.

SLIDE

Target- identify the main theme of the texts found in the inscriptions on the products of stores and find out the role of the English language in our lives;

To prove that learning English is not difficult, you just need to become a little more attentive and observant to the "world of words" that surrounds us every day and everywhere.

In accordance with this goal, the work is supposed to solve the following tasks:

Study the scientific literature on the subject.

Familiarize yourself with the products of local stores that have words in English.

Analyze and classify the collected speech material.

Conduct a survey

To conclude

Practical value research is to use research materials directly in the process of teaching English. Firstly, the work will be useful and interesting in that it will allow students to pay attention to the translation of inscriptions and use the information correctly. Secondly, we recommend using the results and conclusions of our work in English lessons on the topic "Shopping", class hours and extracurricular activities. Thirdly, we want to note that this material will help increase interest in learning a foreign language, will contribute to the expansion of the philological and general educational horizons.

In the course of the work, we encountered the fact that, unfortunately, there is not much literature on the issue under consideration. In this work, the following literature was used:

1. Artyomova A.F. English trademarks//Foreign. languages ​​at school. - 2005.- №5

2..English-Russian Dictionary (edited by V.K. Muller). – M., Russian

language, 1987, 845s.

4. Lennik T.G. Problems of language borrowing "Language situations and interactions of languages" - Kyiv, 1989.

4. Maukivskaya Yu. // Vocabulary borrowed from the English language in the lessons of speech development. - The first of September, Russian language. - №34, 2003

Our work is divided into two parts:

theoretical;

practical;

In the first part we examined the role of the English language in our life.

In the second part The work presents the results of processing the received questionnaires, linguistic examination of product inscriptions in supermarkets.

SLIDE

The study was carried out as follows methods:

Analyzed and systematized the material;

questioning;

use of Internet resources;

consultations (with teachers of Russian and English languages);

translation;

generalization.

SLIDE

English is the most widely spoken language in the world. It is the official language of the UK, USA, Australia, New Zealand, Canada, Ireland, Ghana, Grenada, Nigeria. It is used by the population of some countries in Asia and Africa.

Today, wherever you want to go, in any country, as a foreign tourist, you will be addressed first in English. But even if you don’t have to travel outside your homeland, there may still be a need for knowledge of English in life, since you use goods from other countries, and instructions do not always contain translation.

Every year more and more people study it, and far from simply expanding their horizons, English is becoming the universal language of communication for people of different nationalities and cultures.

English plays a big role in our life. Now, even to turn off or turn on the TV, you need to know what that red “standby” button means.

And now it is impossible to imagine a person who does not use or would not use a computer. It has become a habit for us, we spend our day with him every day, communicate, play, work. And every day we are faced with a situation where English would help solve our problems. On a trip, you are much less likely to find yourself in an unpleasant situation and much more opportunities, not to mention new acquaintances, friends, business partners and connections.

Based on the information received, we decided to ask the residents of Yaransk a question “Does the abundance of foreign words of English origin in the media suit you?” The opinion poll showed that the inscriptions in English suit the residents of our city. (Appendix No. 1) . So our theme is relevant.

Our study was structured as follows:

1. We asked buyers questions of the following nature:

Have you seen products with names in English?

Which product group does this product belong to?

Can you translate this inscription?

Is it necessary to study English?

2. Found, copied or photographed the most interesting inscriptions in English in stores

We recorded and analyzed the responses 50 buyers, which was attended by our peers, parents and the elderly, the data reflected graphically in the table.

According to our research, all buyers have products in their shopping cart containing inscriptions in English. (Appendix No. 2).

SLIDE
When we worked with the inscriptions, we came to another conclusion that the names can also be divided into groups

We divided the results of the customer survey into groups by topic: food products, body care products, detergents and cleaning products, hair and oral care products (see Appendix No. 3)

The most popular were inscriptions on confectionery products, and less common on oral care products.

SLIDE

Of the 50 respondents, only 30% of buyers know exactly the translation of the inscription on purchases, 45% guess the meaning of these words, and the remaining 25% find it difficult to translate these names, after these inscriptions were translated for them, they admitted that they never thought about sense of what is written on them, but now they are interested and will translate everything that is written on their purchases. It should also be noted that older people do not know what is written in English. And the rest of the respondents also find it difficult to translate foreign inscriptions (see Appendix No. 4).

SLIDE

Therefore, after analyzing the data, we can say that learning English is necessary in our modern world (see Appendix No. 5).

During the study, the interest of schoolchildren in the inscriptions also increased, and one could literally observe how in the corridors, stopping each other, students read and try to translate what they bought in the store. Thus, it can be stated that many people do not attach much importance to the inscriptions on their purchases, although they know or guess about the meaning, which in turn can contain important meaning. However, our research managed to bring this problem to the surface and invite everyone to think before buying another product with incomprehensible text.

Our research shows that it is extremely relevant and important that we should know what we are buying. We conclude that when we enter the store, we see a lot of English words. In order to navigate well among them and buy the right product, you need to be able to read English and understand these inscriptions.

SLIDE

Having studied a sufficient number of English-language product names, we came to the conclusion that the main source of names can be:

names formed from proper names - surnames, names of manufacturers or inventors (Cadbury is the surname of the inventor ) .

the purpose of the product corresponds to the translation (Pampers from English - Kleenex diapers from English - paper handkerchief, cosmetic tissue, Clearasil from English -clear to clean, sil abbreviated from single single only);

names associated with various aspects of life (surprises, sports, animals, etc. (Twix, Bounty - heavenly pleasure, literally from English: “Taste of Paradise”) (see Appendix No. 6).

All these products can be called not popular, branded.

At the same time, 11 largest brands can be distinguished (see Appendix No. 7). A brand is a product or group of products that has its own name and is produced by a separate company.

The names are varied, and they have their own history of occurrence (see Appendix No. 8). Product names are not simple words, but a unique world, which is a kind of system among proper names. analyzed the features of English-language inscriptions

Hypothesis- the level of English proficiency allows you to navigate the inscriptions and correctly use the written information - confirmed.

Undoubtedly, it is a personal matter of each person what to buy in the store. Many are at odds with foreign languages, and they are simply embarrassed to ask for help from knowledgeable people. Learning English is not as difficult as it sometimes seems. The problem often lies within ourselves. Nowadays, English is found everywhere: on goods and shop signs, on electrical equipment, clothing, on the Internet. It is studied in schools, universities, in specialized courses. But what is the easiest and fastest way to learn English? Inscriptions in English can become the very express way that will help you quickly, cheaply and effectively replenish your vocabulary. After conducting a study, we were convinced that the culture of other countries, in particular, English, inevitably penetrates into many areas of life, even in such a small city as Yaransk. The importance of the English language these days is hard to exaggerate. It has long since become a universal language.

English is needed everywhere: on vacation and at work. Wherever you are, he will always come to your aid. Announcements at all airports in the world, symbols on maps, signs on roads - in most countries, all this is duplicated in English. Knowing English, a person will not disappear anywhere in the world.

Most parents strive to start teaching their child a foreign language, especially English, as early as possible.

English has long been compulsory for an educated person. And the point is not only that fluency in it will allow you to take a higher level in society and communicate with interesting people, but also because, as the people of Laos say: “Knowing a foreign language is like living another life".

But this is not the main thing, and the main thing is that you can learn English even in a store. It's interesting and exciting!

State Educational Institution

Secondary General Education School № 484

Linguistic project on the topic:

"English language around us" (abstract)

Glebov Ilya Grade 8

Supervisor:

Malysheva Oksana Nikolaevna,

English teacher

MOSCOW

Introduction 3

1. History of borrowings 5

2. Reasons for borrowing anglicisms in modern Russian 7

3. Ways of forming anglicisms 9

I century 11

4.1. Comparative analysis of the sources of the appearance of anglicisms 12

4.2. The role of English borrowings in the media 12

4.3. The use of anglicisms in the everyday life of schoolchildren 15

Conclusion 17

References 19

Apps 20

Introduction

Relevance- the importance of the English language in the modern life of Russian society.

Problem- Do Anglicisms enrich, make better, or impoverish, distort the Russian language?

An object - lexical units of English origin and their derivatives.

Subject - study of borrowings of anglicisms in the modern Russian language of the last decades.

Target:

Get to know some words borrowed from English;

Learn them and thereby expand your vocabulary;

Learn to recognize, write and use Anglicisms in your own speech;

Investigate the process of the emergence of English borrowings in the Russian language and identify the areas of their most frequent use.

Topic– English is around us.

Tasks:

Determine the reasons for borrowing English elements in Russian;

Analyze theoretical materials related to borrowing;

Consider ways of forming anglicisms;

Classify the most used anglicisms by spheres of communication;

To reveal the attitude of teachers and students of the gymnasium to the use of anglicisms in the press and in their everyday speech.

Methods and techniques:

Descriptive method with methods of observation of linguistic phenomena;

Reception of taxonomy and classification;

Questioning.

Novelty– learned about new features of the process of introducing anglicisms into the modern Russian language.

Show slide #1

Introduction

Speech is made up of words.

This law is not new.

Every word is alive

With a special destiny.

Centuries and years passed

Peoples lived differently.

They traded, they fought,

They fought, and then they reconciled,

Learned to live in a good neighborhood.

And here is the result of their communication,

Magic word transformation.

So, having been born in one language,

The word then turned out to be in another

Passed many tests

Either the meaning has changed, or the sound.

We can tell the story of words

Anyone who wants to know about it.

... A "top manager" is required, a new "blockbuster" is being filmed, a "press release" has been issued, he is engaged in "body building", he loves "shopping", he is fond of "shaping" ... What is it? Where do these words come from? Even twenty years ago, most Russians would not have understood the meaning of such words, which are now firmly established in their everyday life. Particular interest in them has arisen in recent years due to the increased role of the English language in the daily life of Russian society. It is no coincidence that the “Latin of the 20th century” of today is rightly called the English language: about 3/4 of all borrowings in modern Russian are Anglicisms and Americanisms.

So what is anglicism? Here is the definition of the word "Anglicism", which is given in the dictionary of S.I. Ozhegov: " ANGLICISM,-a, m. A word or figure of speech in some. language borrowed from the English language or modeled after an English word or expression.

1. History of borrowings

Since we are interested in borrowings from the English language, let us dwell briefly on the history of their entry into the Russian language. In their own way, Latin words “facilitated” the introduction of English borrowings into the Russian language. So, by the 17th century, translations from Latin into Church Slavonic appeared, including the Gennadiev Bible. Since then, the penetration of Latin words into the Russian language has begun. Many of these words continue to exist in our language to this day (bible, doctor, medicine, lily, rose and others). However, the most turbulent flow of foreign borrowings “rushed” into the Russian language during the reign of Peter I. The penetration of a number of foreign words, mainly military and craft terms, the names of some household items, new concepts in science and technology, into maritime affairs, administration, art, etc. Since the time of Peter the Great, such borrowed foreign words as algebra, optics, globe, apoplexy, lacquer, compass, cruiser, port, corps, army, deserter, cavalry, office, act, rent, tariff and others have existed in the Russian language. Many of them are related to English borrowings. From the English language at that time, terms from the field of maritime affairs were also borrowed: barge, boat, brig, whaleboat, midshipman, schooner, boat and others.

It is known, however, that Peter himself had a negative attitude towards the dominance of foreign words and demanded that his contemporaries write “as intelligibly as possible”, without abusing non-Russian words. So, for example, in his message to Ambassador Rudakovsky, Peter wrote: “In your communications, you use many Polish and other foreign words and terms, behind which it is impossible to understand the case itself: for your sake, from now on, write your communications to us in Russian, without using foreign words and terms"

The introduction of English borrowings into the Russian language continued in the 18th-19th centuries. So, let's pay attention to the poetic lines we have chosen from the novel by A.S. Pushkin "Eugene Onegin" Show slide number 2):

1. Cut in the latest fashion,

How dandy dressed in london

And finally saw the light.

2. Before him roast-beaf bloody

And shoes, the luxury of youth,

French cuisine is the best color.

3. Then, that he could not always

Beaf - steaks and Strasbourg pie

Champagne pour bottle.

4. How Child Harold, gloomy, languid,

He appeared in the living rooms ...

5. And for a long time the heart was sad,

"Poor Yorick" he said dejectedly.

6. Read, here Pradt, here Walter Scott

If you don't want to, check the flow ...

7. That autocratic fashion

In the high London circle

called Vulgar .

And yet, English borrowings began to be most widely introduced into the Russian language at the turn of the 20th - 21st centuries. We will consider them in more detail.

2. Reasons for borrowing anglicisms in modern Russian

In the process of historical development, human languages ​​constantly come into certain contacts with each other. At the beginning of the 21st century, Russian-English language contact is characterized by the greatest dynamics and mobility. Today, anglicisms penetrate the Russian language rapidly and in large quantities. And this is no coincidence. Nowadays, the spheres of international contacts are constantly expanding, where English is becoming the language of international communication. The important political and economic role of the English-speaking countries in the world, their superiority in some areas of activity greatly intensify the emergence and use of anglicisms in the Russian language.

What are the reasons this huge stream anglicisms in Russian speech? We highlight the most important in our opinion:

1. The global trend towards the internationalization of the lexical fund;

2. The collapse of the Soviet Union and, as a result, the activation of business, scientific, trade, and cultural ties between Russia and other countries, the flourishing of foreign tourism, the participation of Russians in olympiads, international festivals, fashion shows, etc.

3. The development of the world market, economy, information technology has led to the emergence of new terminology (computer language, economics, finance, the Internet). We have a lot of new items that require a name: e- mail , internet, laptop, disk, byte, website. And it is easier for us to use the existing words of another language than to invent new ones.

4. A tribute to fashion: these days, knowledge of the English language is considered highly prestigious. Russian people, using anglicisms, thereby want to look fashionable, prestigious, to win the respect of the interlocutor. They are sure that the word shopping"sounds more attractive than the word" shopping trip", and also like to use the words in their speech: presentation, rating, briefing, shop tour, killer, talk show, showman, brain ring .

5. Expressiveness of novelty: many firms and companies use Anglicisms as a name to attract attention with the novelty of sound: Kcell , beeline , Luxtelecom , Dalacom , pathword , skyline , wear black .

6. The most significant reason is the undisputed world leadership of the United States in many areas of modern life.

7. The absence of a more accurate name (or its loss with borrowing), and therefore today 15% of the latest Anglicisms have firmly entered the dictionary of a business person.

8. The need to express with the help of Anglicism polysemantic descriptive phrases (thermal sweat - a thermos and a kettle in one, peeling cream - a cream that removes the top layer of the skin, a quiz - a radio or television game of questions and answers on various topics with prizes).

9. Replenishment of the language with more expressive means (we often hear an image - instead of an image, a price list - and not a price list, a show - but not a performance).

10. The need to specify the meaning of the word (sandwich - hamburger, fishburger, cheeseburger, chickenburger; killer - professional killer, killer-mercenary, etc.)

No less important sources the appearance of anglicisms in the Russian language. These include:

- advertising- one of the main sources of anglicisms in Russian. Domestic advertisers often do not have experience in creating advertising, and therefore copy English-language advertising, filling Russian-language advertising texts with anglicisms: steamer, roster, trimmer, pager, immobilizer, spoiler, shock sensor, locker, snooker, pool, squash. (Show slide number 3).

- the Internet. The increase in the number of Internet users has led to the spread of computer vocabulary: homepage , e - mail , CDROM , chat, bit, byte, disk, cursor, flash drive . (Show slide number 4).

- cinema. The popularity of Hollywood films has led to the emergence of new words in our vocabulary: horror, blockbuster, western, primetime, cyborg, terminator . (Show slide number 5).

- music. The perception of the USA as the center of musical fashion led to the appearance of such words as show slide, such as: hit, single, remake, track, soundtrack, poster, etc. (Show slide number 6).

- sports vocabulary: bowling, diving, skateboard, snowboard, biker, shaping, fitness. (Show slide number 7).

- cosmetic terms: lifting, scrub, peeling) .

Thus, we come to the conclusion that the number of anglicisms in the Russian language is large. Among them are 2 major type borrowings:

1) Words that have come into the language to name new objects or a term that has an international character. Their use in speech in most cases is justified.

2) Words of foreign origin that have synonyms in Russian. Their penetration into the language creates lexical redundancy and can interfere with the understanding of the meaning. But in many cases this can be avoided by using Russian synonymous words and expressions.

3. Ways of forming anglicisms

The range of new concepts and phenomena of Russian origin is limited. Therefore, borrowing existing words with a borrowed concept or subject is considered the most effective. The following groups of foreign borrowings can be distinguished (show slide

№ 11):

Direct loans. They exist in Russian in approximately the same form and meaning as in the original language ( weekend- weekends; black- black person; mani- money).

hybrids. They are formed by adding a Russian suffix, prefix and ending to a foreign root. At the same time, the meaning of the foreign source word - ask ( to ask- ask), buzz ( busy- restless, fussy).

Tracing paper. Words of foreign origin that retain their phonetic and graphic appearance ( menu, password, disk, virus, club, sarcophagus).

Half-calca. These words during grammatical development obey the rules of Russian grammar (suffixes are added). (drive - drive ( drive) “It hasn’t been like this for a long time drive"- in the meaning of" fuse, energy ").

Exoticisms. They characterize the specific national customs of other peoples and are used in describing non-Russian reality. Their fundamental difference is that they do not have Russian synonyms: chips ( chips), Hot Dog ( hot dog), cheeseburger ( cheeseburger). (Show slide number 10).

Foreign inserts. They usually have a lexical equivalent, but are stylistically different. Fixed in different areas of communication as an expressive means that gives speech a special expression: (ok ( OK); wow ( wow ! ).

Composites. Consist of two English words: second hand- a store selling used clothes; video salon- room for watching movies.

Jargon. Appeared due to the distortion of any sounds ( escape- to leave, to run away somewhere - from English. to escape- disappear).

Thus, neologisms can be formed according to models available in the language, borrowed from other languages, and also appear as a result of the development of new meanings for previously known words.

4. Modern anglicisms of the late XX - early XX I century

Recently, there has been an increase in English borrowings in Russian speech. This is directly related to the constant changes in various areas of our society. Some 15 - 20 years ago in Russia they did not talk about the government cabinet of ministers. There were also no words: parliament, Prime Minister, Deputy Prime Minister, Administration cities. Said: the Supreme Council, the Council of Ministers, the chairman of the Supreme Council, his deputy, the city Council. Now the words have become familiar press secretary, press conference, press release, briefing, exclusive interview. In everyday communication, we, as a rule, began to use a lot of economic and financial terms: barter , broker, voucher, dealer, distributor, marketing, investment and others. (show slide

№ 8). Modern sports fans not only understand, but also engage in such sports as windsurfing, arm wrestling, diving, bowling, freestyle, skateboard, kickboxing. By the way, more and more often now a fighter in kickboxing is being replaced by anglicism fighter ( fighter).

We are not talking about computer terms, without which today we simply cannot imagine the modern Russian language: computer, display, file, interface, printer, scanner, laptop, browser, website and others.

Active borrowing of new Anglicisms and Americanisms is also taking place in other areas today. Now everyone is familiar with the words: presentation, nomination, sponsor, video(and derivatives: video clip, video cassette, video), show(and derivatives show business, talk show, showman), thriller, hit, disco, disc jockey.

According to the majority of Russians, English borrowings are more attractive and prestigious than Russian counterparts. For example: exclusive- exceptional; top Model– the best model; price list- price list; image- image. ( Show slide number 9).

Exploring the English vocabulary of the last decades of the 20th and early 21st centuries in Russian, we came to the conclusion that if a concept affects important areas of human activity, then the word denoting this concept naturally becomes common.

4.1. Comparative analysis of the sources of the appearance of anglicisms

In our work on the study of English borrowings in the Russian language, we have included various information about linguistic phenomena that are still insufficiently covered in the scientific literature. As a result, a dependence was established: acquaintance with the culture of the country of the language being studied occurs in different ways. The previously existing knowledge and concepts are compared with the newly acquired ones, knowledge about the vocabulary of their native language, the sources of its formation and replenishment at the expense of units of English origin.

We tried to reflect the foreign language vocabulary in the Russian language, which includes borrowings from the category of "old", already known to native speakers, and not perceived as foreign (analysis of the newspaper "Extra-M" for September, October, November 2010, Appendix 2. Show slide number 18). The terms that reflect the current level of knowledge deserve special attention (Appendix 1. Show slides: No. 16, No. 17) and non-terminological, everyday vocabulary, which is at different stages of development (Appendix 3. Show slides: No. 19, No. 20).

Comparing our language and someone else's, we highlight the common and specific, which contributes to the unification, rapprochement, development of understanding and good attitude towards the country, its people and their language.

4.2. The role of English borrowings in the media

After analyzing Anglicisms and Americanisms in modern Russian media, we have established the relationship that they, being for the most part bookish or special words, are used most often in the genres of bookish speech, texts of a scientific and technical nature. English borrowings from newspapers and magazines can be divided into three groups:

1. Words that have synonyms in Russian and are often incomprehensible to people (monitoring is a synonym for “observation”). Their use often only complicates the perception of the text.

2. Words that do not have synonyms in Russian. They have taken root for a long time and many people do not even think about the fact that these words came to us from the English language (athlete, football, problem).

3. Words printed in newspapers in English, in English letters. These words are the most incomprehensible to most of us (Non-stop).

We analyzed a number of newspaper materials (newspapers "Kommersant", "Komsomolskaya Pravda", magazine "Smena": some issues for the period - May 2007 - March 2008) and found that most often words of English origin are used in the headings:

Articles on political and economic topics (48%);

Articles about music (24%);

Sports articles (18%);

Articles about science and technology (10%).

In addition, we determined that a fairly large number of anglicisms are in the headings of articles (38%), and not only directly in informational texts.

"Joined the election race impeachment"["Kommersant"

No. 71 - 2008]

The headlines of modern newspapers (27%) are often some kind of joke with the aim of making the reader laugh, adjusting him to the “light” material of the article, and thereby “refresh” and “dilute” the official language of the press.

"The trolleybus pass has changed image» [Komsomolskaya Pravda for

The language of newspapers is also characterized by the use of clichés of English origin (35%). They reflect the inaccuracy of thought, lead to simplification of the statement, repetition of words.

"It is this organization is a sponsor competition” [“Change” for

At the end of the analysis, we found that often an alternative to direct borrowing is the inclusion of anglicisms in written speech, more often bookish, with their subsequent explanation.

"…- AND coolers they put them everywhere, such healthy boilers with plastic glasses "

In addition, we conducted a survey among teachers and students of our school. We teach three foreign languages, one of which is English.

80 people were interviewed. Among them are teachers and students of grades 6-8.

The questionnaire asked:

"Do you use anglicisms in everyday speech?"

Our survey gave the following results: Among students - 55% - often; 25% - rarely; 20% - never. Among teachers - 20% often, 30% - rarely, 50% - never. (Show slide number 12).

To the question: “Does the abundance of anglicisms in modern Russian annoy you?” respondents responded as follows. Students: very annoying - 10%, a little - 25%, not at all - 65%. Teachers - respectively: 50%; 30%, 20%. (Show slide number 13).

Answers to the third question of the questionnaire: “Do Anglicisms enrich our language, make it richer and better, or do they impoverish the Russian language, distorting it and distorting it?” distributed in this way. 76% of students positively assessed the role of anglicisms in the Russian language, 24% of them expressed a negative opinion. At the same time, among teachers, 20% of the respondents gave a positive assessment of the role of Anglicisms, and 80% answered this question in the negative. (Show slide number 14).

It can be seen from the questionnaire that students use anglicisms in everyday speech much more often than teachers. The abundance of English borrowings in modern Russian irritates teachers much more than students. The students positively assessed the role of anglicisms in enriching the Russian language, and most of the teachers negatively.

4.3. The use of anglicisms in the everyday life of schoolchildren

Anglicisms used by schoolchildren emphasize the level of their awareness, superiority over the others. Foreign words in students' speech can play the role of original quotations: any term can be quoted, deliberately played up, distorted. In this case, there is a Russian or simply incorrect reading of the English word. Sometimes a mistake becomes attractive to the point that every student “masters” it.

Accordingly, the origin of these words is associated with sound distortion in the process of mastering these borrowings. There is a kind of play with sounds.

Such words are formed by subtracting, adding, moving some sounds in the original English term. The speech of schoolchildren easily absorbs English units (shoes from shoes- shoes; superman from superman- superman hair from hair- hair (patly).

With the development of computer technology, English words are increasingly replenishing the vocabulary of schoolchildren. Many of the existing professional terms are cumbersome and inconvenient in daily use. Therefore, there is a desire to shorten, simplify the word ( mother board(motherboard) - "mother"; CD Rom Drive(laser disc drive) - schoolchildren have the equivalent of a "seated box". Recently, there has also been a craze for computer games, which again served as a powerful source of new words.

The exclamation “Wow!”, which expresses the emotion of amazement or delight, has become very common among schoolchildren today.

But in our colloquial speech, the use of borrowed words is not always appropriate. Of course, there is nothing wrong with borrowing itself. Without them, it is impossible to imagine the speech of a modern person. However, the meaning of these words should be clear to the interlocutor: both the speaker and the listener, and their use should be appropriate and justified. The ability to correctly use English borrowings testifies to the respect of each speaker for his language, for himself. The fashion for prestigious borrowed words turns into a clogging of the language and, as a result, a clogging of consciousness. (Show slide number 15).

In the process of research, we have selected some proposals. Let's find examples of language clogging in them and say it easier and better (we offer some Russian synonyms).

1. Today one of the blockbusters year - the film "Outcast". (Synonyms for "the best, successful films").

2. Wide trousers with many pockets, ropes and Velcro, a backpack bag, beads, headphones, a relaxed gait and an independent look - this is what a metropolitan looks like teenager beginning of the XXI century. (Synonymous with "teenager").

3. My boyfriend So smart! (Synonyms "boyfriend, friend").

4. After a short lunch I went up to my room. (Synonymous with "lunch").

We also developed a crossword puzzle for the development of lexical speech skills and the correct use of anglicisms, which can be used in English and Russian lessons. (Show slide number 21).

Scientists believe that if the borrowed vocabulary exceeds 2-3%, then the language may soon disappear. The number of borrowings in Russian already exceeds 10%! There is reason to think, is not it?

Conclusion

Currently, a certain percentage of English words grow into the Russian language. And as A.N. Tolstoy correctly noted, “it is not necessary to deny them, but it is unnecessary to abuse them. It is better to speak an elevator than a self-lifter, or a telephone than long-distance conversations.

Having considered the situation of the Russian language today, we can conclude that, on the one hand, numerous Anglicisms and Americanisms that penetrate our speech are a natural phenomenon, reflecting the economic, political, cultural, social ties and relations between Russia and other countries that have intensified in the last decade, in particular with America and the process of integration. But on the other hand, in the pursuit of everything foreign, in an effort to copy Western models, we are increasingly losing our originality, including in language. But language reflects a way of life and a way of thinking. Language is a living, changing phenomenon. The processes taking place in it are natural, and it would be desirable, where it is possible to get by with the means of the Russian language, not to resort to foreign language elements. And to protect the Russian language, native culture and not follow the trend not only to live, but also to think in an American way.

The famous poet and writer Chingiz Aitmatov said: "The immortality of the people is in their language."

Relevance of the study is that consideration of the problems associated with the theory and practice of borrowings is especially significant in modern conditions, since today there are serious concerns about a powerful influx of borrowings that can lead to the depreciation of the Russian word. But language is a self-developing mechanism that can cleanse itself, get rid of the superfluous, unnecessary. This also happens with foreign words, the borrowing of which was presented in the course of the study.

Practical value of this work lies in the fact that this material will help to educate schoolchildren in the culture of dealing with foreign words, good language taste. And good taste is the main condition for the correct and appropriate use of linguistic means, both foreign and one's own.

List of used literature:

1. Aitmatov Ch. Tales, stories. Frunze: Kyrgyzstan, 1985. - 276 p.

2. Grigoryan A.E. A culture of speech. Is the American madness going away? //

Russian speech. - 2005. No. 1. - S. 62 - 68.

3. Dyakov A.I. Reasons for the intensive borrowing of anglicisms in modern Russian. // Language and culture. - Novosibirsk, 2003. -

4. "Kommersant" No. 71 - 2008.

6. Krysin L.P. Foreign words in modern life // Russian language of the end of the twentieth century. - M., 1996.

7. Krysin L.P. Foreign words in modern Russian. – M.: Nauka, 1968.

8. Ozhegov S.I. Dictionary of the Russian language / ed. N.Yu. Shvedova. – 14th ed. – M.: Rus. yaz., 1983. - 816 p.

10. "Extra - M" - September, October, November 2010.

11. Yakubinsky L.P. Reform of the literary language under Peter I. Selected Works. Language and its functioning. - Moscow, 1986. - S.159-162.

12. http://www.abcreferats.ru/liter/table638.html

13. http://htmlreferat.ru/index9.phtml?id=54474&from=1

14. http://www.erlib.com/Tatyana_Ustinova/Hotel_of_last_hope/5/

15. http://www.relga.rsu.ru/n43/lg43_1.htm

16. http://www.klikin.ru/txt/tolstoj.html (purity of the Russian language)

Annex 1 (show slides: No. 16, No. 17)

Modern anglicisms

Informatics Parapsychology Other areas of life

Browser Poltergeist Aquapark

Joystick Psychic ATM

Internet Astral Body Blockbuster

Telekinesis Boyfriend website

E-mail Drive

Interactive Image Maker

Multimedia Creative

Online Sport Mass media

File Millennium

Display Nomination

Interface Armwrestling Puzzle

Scanner Biker Piercing

Printer Kickboxing Portfolio

Laptop Bodybuilding Provider

Mountain Bike Promoter

Skateboard Summit

Economy Snowboard Skinheads

Softball Teen

Barter Body Art Talk Show

Default Hacker

Marketing Hospice

Monetarism Fashion Shop

Offshore Weekend

Promoter

Price list

Futures Exchange Cardigan

swinger

Stretch

The medicine Top

implant

pacemaker

Phytotherapy

Euthanasia

suicide

Art

Art design

Mainstream

performance

remake

Technoroc

Thriller

florism

Annex 2 (show slide No. 18)

Anglicisms found in newspapers e "Extra - M" No. for September, October, November 2010)

1. Words - terms that have an international character:

Problem, Factor, Concert, Office, Uniform, Credit, Sprinter, Center, Service,

Reform, farmer, protest, transport, system, facility, telephone, garage, plastic,

Information, interview, business, fireworks, crime, leader, champion, medal,

Dialogue, company, statistics, maximum, conference, material, conflict,

complex, organization, conference, national, etc.

1. Words that have synonyms in Russian:

Reconstruction (from English. reconstruction) - restructuring;

Phyto - center (from the English. fit) - slender, healthy;

Presentation (from English. presentation) - presentation;

Design (from English. design) - drawing, sketch, pattern;

Teenager (from English. teenager) - a teenager;

Department (from English. department) - department;

constructive (from English. constructive) - creative;

deficiency (from English. deficit) - shortage;

Region (from English. region) – area;

Season (from English. season) – time of year;

Communications (from English. communication) – message;

Exclusive (from English. exclusive) - exceptional;

Subsidy (from English. subsidy) - subsidy.

1. Words whose meaning is not clear to most native speakers:

Piercing (from English. piercing) - puncture, prick;

Hospice (from English. hospice) - shelter, almshouse;

Multiplex (from English. multiplex) - multiplex complex;

Prolongation (from English. prolongation) - extension, delay.

Annex 3 (show slides: No. 19, No. 20)

Schoolboy dictionary

Absolute - absolute - complete, pure (fool).

Body art. - body- art is the art of the physique.

Biker - biker - cyclist.

Boyfriend - boyfriend - beloved, friend.

Bowling - bowling - roll balls.

Boxer - boxer-

Wow - wow - delight, amazement.

Group - group-

Dealer - de aler is an intermediary.

Drive - drive - fuse, energy.

Display - display - display, exhibition.

Dilit - delete - delete.

Disc jockey - disk jockey - (announcer) presenter of a program made up of sound recordings.

Crossword - crossword - crossword.

Comfort - comfort - convenience.

Lovelace – love lace

Make up - make up - makeup .

An object - object -

OK - ok - good.

Pager - pager-

Pressing - pressing - pressure.

Present - present - a gift.

Player - player - a tape recorder with headphones.

Project - project-

Puzzle - puzzle - a puzzle.

Pointer - painter - pointer (dog breed).

Risk - risk-

Scandal - scandal - slander, gossip.

Scanword - scan word-

Skinhead - skin- head - skinhead.

Superman - superman - over - a person.

Website - site - location.

syrup - syrup -

Soundtrack - soundtrack - audio track.

Skateboard - skate- board - slide on the board.

Topic - top - cover (top).

Toilet - toilet - restroom.

Oops - ups - success.

Fact - fact-

Factor - factor-

Fan - fan-

Favorite - favorite - favorite.

Check - check - number, receipt.

Shaping - shaping - shaping.

Sukharichev Dmitry

Relevance chosen topic is that in English lessons students not only read and translate texts, learn rules and new words in school textbooks. They try to understand what the teacher and people from other countries they meet while traveling abroad are talking about, and also communicate with them on various topics.

Objective: determine whether a person needs English.

1. Study the scientific literature on the issue.

2. Identify the reasons for learning English at school.

3. Conduct a survey among 5th grade students.

4. To analyze the opinions of the students of our school regarding the study of the English language (the need and reasons for studying, the environment in everyday life, areas of application, etc.).

5.Create a phrasebook for a lexical minimum for a 5th grade student.

6.Create a checklist for English learners at school.

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Educational Research Conference

"Youth of Koryazhma"

Direction: linguistic and regional studies

"English around us"

Research work

Completed

student of 5 "A" class

MOU "Secondary School No. 7 of the city of Koryazhma"

Sukharichev Dmitry

Scientific adviser-

English teacher

MOU "Secondary School No. 7 of the city of Koryazhma"

Golubeva Larisa Leonidovna

Koryazhma

2017

Introduction.……………………………………………………………………….……….…3

Chapter 1. Theoretical part.

The history of the English language and its role in the modern world.

1.1. History of the English language………………………………..…………………...……4

1.2. The role of the English language in the modern world…………………………………………5

2.1. Research methodology…………………………………………………..8

2.2. The results of the student survey……………………………………...................................9

Conclusion…………………………………………………………………………….…10

Literature………………………………………………………………………………..10

Annex No. 1………………………………………................................................ .....................eleven

Annex №2…………………………………………………………………………..12

Annex No. 3………………………………………………………………………….....14

Introduction

English is a language spoken in many countries around the world. In modern Russian schools, it is one of the compulsory subjects. English, as a school subject, began to be studied already in elementary school, starting from the 2nd grade. Why do we study English?

Relevance chosen topic is that in English lessons students not only read and translate texts, learn rules and new words in school textbooks. They try to understand what the teacher and people from other countries they meet while traveling abroad are talking about, and also communicate with them on various topics.

Objective: determine whether a person needs English.

Tasks to achieve the goal:

1. Study the scientific literature on the issue.

2. Identify the reasons for learning English at school.

3. Conduct a survey among 5th grade students.

4. To analyze the opinions of the students of our school regarding the study of the English language (the need and reasons for studying, the environment in everyday life, areas of application, etc.).

5.Create a phrasebook for a lexical minimum for a 5th grade student.

6.Create a checklist for English learners at school.

An object: English language.

Subject: English is one of the subjects in the Russian student's schedule.

Hypothesis: we assume that English is not just a lesson at school, but a necessity dictated by the times.

Practical significance:this work will help to realize the need to learn English in the modern world, and a phrasebook for a 5th grade student can be useful when relaxing abroad, and in the event that a person is lost and needs help. In addition, the memo compiled by us will be useful for the successful study of English.

When writing the educational and research work, the following methods : experimental, for conducting a survey and determiningthe need to learn English; search and descriptive, involving the analysis of language factors; analytical, involving a comparative analysis of the selected data.

Our work is divided into two parts: theoretical and practical . In the first part, elements such ashistory of the English language and its role in the modern world. The second part of the work presents the results of processing the received questionnaires.

Chapter 1. Theoretical part. The history of the English language and its role in the modern world.

1.1 History of the English language

When the Romans left the British Isles in 410, the Latin language left with them. The true inhabitants of the island (the Britons) continued to use the Celtic languages. The ancestors of the modern English did not waste time. In 449, the Germanic tribes of the Angles, Saxons and Jutes began the first raids on the islands. They spoke dialects that developed from Low German. The Britons, like the conquerors, spoke Indo-European languages, but the language of the Britons belonged to the Celtic rather than to the Germanic branch. The language of the conquerors, in which only a handful of Celtic words were added, is now called Anglo-Saxon.

One can only guess what the language would have become if the descendants of these three tribes had not been attacked. The fact is that the two great invasions of the island and the missionary movement have incredibly changed the language. As a result, English became the language with the largest number of words, and in grammar, not the endings of words, but their order in the sentence began to play the main role. The changes that took place from the sixth to the fifteenth centuries were of a natural nature and were not supported by any theory. People tried to speak the same way as their neighbors spoke, and everyone who knew how to write at least tried to capture the sounds of their speech on paper. At that time there were no dictionaries, no grammar books, and indeed no printed publications. Local differences in pronunciation and spelling were so great that a person from the north of England would have great difficulty reading a manuscript written in the south. However, the London dialect was recognizable everywhere and even had a degree of prestige among the inhabitants of the rest of the country, which led to the fact that it was accepted as the standard. By the second half of the fifteenth century, it was mostly used in manuscripts. Only in the very north of the country did people not use the London dialect. The beginning of printing in 1476 (with its center in London) greatly increased the influence of the London dialect in other parts of the country. Noticeable differences in pronunciation are still one of the characteristic features of the regions of England, but written English remained the same throughout the country.

1. The role of the English language in the modern world.

Wherever you are on the globe, you will surely hear English speech everywhere. English, being the most taught language, does not replace other languages, but complements them: 300 million Chinese learn English; in 90 countries, English is either a second language or widely studied.

In France, in public schools, students are required to study English or German for four years, (most - at least 85% - choose English).

In Japan, students must study English for six years before graduating from high school.

In Russia, where the study of foreign languages ​​is mandatory for children, most learn English.

In Norway, Sweden and Denmark, it is obligatory to study English.

English is one of the Germanic languages ​​of the Indo-European language family. About 410 million people use English as their native language, and about 1 billion people in the world speak English (including those for whom English is a second language).

Everyone, of course, knows that knowledge of English is very useful in life.

Knowing English, we can get more information from various media, where all technical information is written in English. Further, you can read books in the original context, the translation does not always objectively reflect the true feelings and emotions that the author put into the novel. Nothing compares to the pleasure of reading books in the original. What about technical literature? After all, in this case, you could independently study any technique, program and equipment that interests you.

You will always now have the opportunity to talk with interesting people on a wide variety of topics in English, and besides, you can always travel abroad as a tourist, which is much more convenient and cheaper.

If you dream of being an international businessman. And what about without English? After all, all international negotiations, trading on stock exchanges are all conducted in English, and you want to take part in international conferences, communicate with business people, read international magazines and newspapers about business, in this case, of course, you must know English .

What if your dream is to become a famous scientist? In this case, too, you must know English as your native language, at least not worse. After all, you will need to communicate with colleagues from other countries, attend, and perhaps hold international symposiums, conferences, seminars and forums. In addition, all the latest and most advanced discoveries of world significance are published precisely in English-language magazines and newspapers, and you still have to visit international centers, however, even to receive the Nobel Prize, you need to know English.

What about your hobby? After all, everyone has a hobby - everyone has their own, but every person loves music and a song, this is not a secret. And knowing English, you will always know exactly what the American singer sings.

What about films? In this case, you also do not need a translator at all. And the Internet? This is generally a bottomless ocean of information - but most of the most necessary, just in English.

English is the international language of communication. After all, almost all international conferences and competitions are held in English. Just remember the Olympic Games. In international organizations such as the UN, NATO, UNESCO, English is the main language.

And then, when you get a job, in your resume you put not a dash, but a tick in the column “Do you speak a foreign language” - which will make it easier for you to get a job.

By the way, thanks to the English language, you can also make good money by translating texts not only for your friends, but also open your own bureau for translating various literature from English into Russian and vice versa.

Or maybe someone, having studied English perfectly, will be able to give lessons, in other words, be a tutor for schoolchildren and students.

First of all, English is the language of programming and computers. The keyboard of all computers has keys in English (up - up; down - down; print - printing; end - completion, end; home - home; backspace - back; enter - entry, input, etc.). Computer games that both adults and children love to play today also often have English names (angry bird - an angry bird; snake - snake, Heroes - Heroes, etc.).

English words and expressions are heard from our TV screens. Some television programs have names in English (Comedy Club - comedy club; The Smurfs - Smurfs; Animal Planet - Animal Planet, Discovery - Opening, channel on television). How many English words flash in advertisements every day (LG - Goods for Life - goods for life; Canon - Can do it - Canon - you can do it;).

English is in each of our homes (Fairy dishwashing detergent - Fairy; Head and Shoulders head shampoo - Head and Shoulders; Vanish bleach - disappearance; you can often see the word Notebook on notebooks). How easy it is to learn the name of new countries if you look at the clothing label, which also says what material the item is made of and how it should be washed (made in China - made in China; made in Germany - made in Germany; 100% cotton - 100% cotton wash 30 - 40 * - wash at a temperature of 30 - 40 degrees, etc.).

It would be nice to know English in order to understand what the frequently encountered inscriptions in English in public places mean (WiFi - "Wi-Fi" - free Internet access Wireless Fidelity - high accuracy of wireless data transmission; Exit - exit; No smoking - smoking it is forbidden; to independently sort out McDonald's and some restaurants where the toilet is located, knowledge of English will also help (WC - Water Closet).

Thus, the English language does not end with the end of the lesson at school, it surrounds us always and everywhere.

Chapter 2. Practical part. A study of the reasons for learning English.

2.1. Research methodology.

Theoretical provisions were tested by us in practice. Experimental and practical work included three stages: organizational, practical and generalizing.

In experimental and practical work, the questionnaire method became the leading one (Appendix No. 1).

The purpose of the questionnaire is to determine whether a person needs English.

2.2. Analysis of survey results

The control group included 55 pupils of the 5th grade of the Municipal Educational Institution "Secondary School No. 7" of the city of Koryazhma.

As the survey showed, 96% of students believe that English should be studied, and 4% do not. 58% of students believe that English is necessary in order to travel and communicate in a foreign language with native speakers, 31% think that English is necessary for future work, 7% want to read books in the original, 4% understand foreign songs. 88% of students admitted that English is a necessity for them, and only 12% perceive English as a lesson at school.

62% of students often encounter English words in their lives, while 38% rarely. 57% of the respondents have already been abroad, while 43% have not. 44% of those surveyed want to have pen pals from other countries, while 47% do not, 9% already have a pen pal abroad.

20% of students never forget their English textbook, dictionary and notebook at home, 78% may forget, but this rarely happens, 2% of respondents often forget to take a textbook and dictionary to school. 78% conscientiously write down their English homework, 22% sometimes forget. 73% always do their homework, 27% sometimes come to an English lesson unprepared. When doing homework, 60% of students turn to their parents for help, 12% to brothers or sisters, 5% to their classmates, 4% of students seek help from a teacher in case of difficulties. 19% of students do it on their own.

Conclusion

We believe that based on the information studied, as well as the results of the study, we can unequivocally conclude that the assumption that knowledge of the English language is necessary for a Russian person has been confirmed. English is not only a lesson in the school schedule, but also a "lesson" in life for each of us. Today English is all around us. This is the language of international communication, knowing which we can communicate in any country in the world.

We have created a phrasebook for a 5th grade student, which will help me and my classmates when they are on vacation abroad, and will also be useful if a person is lost and needs help (Appendix No. 2). In addition, based on the survey, several recommendations were made to my classmates for the successful study of English (Appendix No. 3)

Literature

1.www.wikipedia.org

2.http://www.dagpravda.ru

3.http://www.lopbible.narod.ru

4. A.S. Romanov Russian-English Dictionary, English-Russian Dictionary. - Moscow: LadKom, 2011

5. Illustrated Encyclopedic Dictionary Ed. Col.: V. I. Borondulin, A. P. Gorkin, A. A. Gusev, N. M. Landa and others - M .: Great Russian Encyclopedia, 1998.

6. Martynova O. Yu. I know the world: English: Encyclopedia. -M .: AST Publishing House LLC: Astrel Publishing House LLC: ZAO NPP Ermak, 2004.

7. M.Z. Biboletova Enjoy English, 2,3,4,5 class - Title, 2013.

8. Yu.A.Komarova English language, grade 5.- M: "Russian word", MACMILLAN, 2014.

Application No. 1. Questionnaire on the topic: "English is around us"

1. Do I need to learn English?

A) yes

B) No

2. Why is it necessary to study English?

A) understand songs in English

C) Travel and communicate in English

D) Necessary for future work

D) Write your own _______________________________________________

3. What is English for you?

A) just a lesson at school

B) a necessity in life

4. How often do you meet English words in your everyday life?

A) often

B) rarely

B) never

5. Have you been abroad?

A) yes

B) no

6. Would you like to have a pen pal abroad?

A) yes

B) no

C) have a pen pal

7. Do you forget your English textbook, dictionary or notebook at home?

A) often

B) rarely

c) never forget

8. Do you always write down your English homework?

A) always

B) sometimes I forget

9. Do you always do your homework in English?

A) always

B) sometimes I don’t

10. When doing homework in English, who do you turn to for help?

What about parents

b) brothers and sisters

B) teacher

D) classmates

Thanks for answers!

Application number 2. Phrasebook for a 5th grade student.

Application No. 3.

Reminder for students to successfully learn English.

1. Do not forget textbooks, dictionaries and notebooks at home.
2. Always write down and do your homework at home.
3. In case of ambiguity and misunderstanding, do not be afraid to ask your teacher for help.
4. Pay attention to English words in everyday life.
5. When traveling abroad, speak English.
6. Practice regularly. A little every day is better than once a week for several hours.
7. Diversify the form of classes: read, then listen, then grammar, then writing, etc.
8. Learn words in context, not from a list.
9. Read as much as possible, even if the text is poorly perceived.
10. Learn as much as possible by heart.
11. Any practice is the basis of success, use the slightest opportunity to speak, read, write in the language you are learning.
12. Don't be afraid of mistakes. They are learning from them! Excessive modesty does not help here, and some self-confidence does not hurt.

The project methodology develops in schoolchildren independence, creativity, activity, which are so necessary for them in the learning process. The use of the project method really turns the student from the object of learning into the subject of learning activity. The teacher acts as a facilitator and consultant.

In recent years, in connection with the expansion of international contacts, more and more elements of foreign speech penetrate into our environment; especially English. Here are briefly the areas where the young people of our country can first of all encounter the facts of the use of the English language: the emergence of foreign goods in the general sale, the formation of joint ventures, Western music styles popular with young people, shop signs, signs and announcements in public places, directions on control keys (Push; Stop; Wind; Low; High; Light; Noise); on radio equipment and cassettes you can see the inscriptions: this is the designation of the manufacturer, the characteristics of the device (Watson; Precision; Cassette; Sound Breeze; Chrome Position).

The schoolchildren did a lot of preparatory work: interestingly selected material and an original presentation.

Project protection.

All participants were divided into 4 groups, each defended their project. The design was thought over, frequently occurring lexical units (English words and phrases) are presented. The defense took the form of a monologue and a role-playing game, while the students tried to bring their speech closer to natural life. We decided that most often English is found on clothing and footwear, in product names, in technology, in perfumery. Designed 4 departments in the supermarket.

At the beginning, one student spoke about the importance of the English language in our lives at the present time.

Goals: To increase the motivation to learn the English language, the culture of the English speaking countries and aid them to enlarge vocabulary to teach respect for the native culture, and to develop reading and listening skills.

I. Food Stuffs.

Compiled a dictionary of the most common English words on labels.

Prepared a brief description of the Cadbury firm.

“Cadbury is the name of a firm. This is an English firm; it was opened in Birmingham, England, in 1824. John Cadbury opened this business. They sold tea, coffee, cocoa and drinking chocolate. He used a pestle (pestle) and mortar (mortar). Today Cadbury's bars and boxes of chocolates are sold in more then 120 countries. They continue to produce hot drinking chocolate from Cadbury's recipe.

(“Wispa”, “Fruit & Nuts”, “Picnic”).

Dialogues and role-playing games.

(Sh opassistant, C ustomer)

Sh.: Can I help you?

– C.: No, thank you. I'm just looking.

– Sh.: Would you like boxes of chocolates?

– C.: Yes, please. And have you got any sweet apples, please?

Sh.: These are very sweet.

– C.: I’d like two pounds and a pound of those black grapes and this pineapple.

Sh.: That's? 3.60 …and 40pence change.

C.: Thank you.

– C.: I planned to buy honey.

– Sh.: It makes sense to buy a big jar because it is cheaper.

– C.: Okay. What is the next in my shopping list? Well, I also have to buy some tea and cream and butter.

Sh.: With pleasure. Get all these things and go to the cash register.

C.: thank you very much.

Talks among people in the shop:

Have you ever drunk Cadbury's chocolate? (Yes, I have. No, I haven't).

Did you enjoy it? (Yes, I did. No, I didn't).

When is it nice to drink Cadbury's chocolate? (When the weather is rainy; when it is raining cats and dogs; when it is cold (frosty), etc.).

Can you relax with a cup of Cadbury's drinking chocolate? Why? (Yes, of course. It's nice to sit and drink a cup of Cadbury's chocolate).

What should you add to the chocolate? Which do you think tastes better – chocolate with hot milk or chocolate with hot water?

Are the products of this firm of good quality? (I think they are. Yes they are. Yes, of course).

Labels on every piece of clothing.

For example:

Kinds of Materials

One hundred percent cotton
pure cotton
Synthetic silk
Synthetic wool
Genuine leather

Manufacturer country names

Turkey
Japan
Hungary
Poland
China
Korea
Germany
England
Great Britain
The USA
Poland
Spain
Italy
Canada
New Zealand
etc.

Don't wipe! (wipe)
Rinse only (on razors)

Carry What You Wish;
It Won't Let You Down (on travel bags)

Various inscriptions on clothes and shoes.

California; Montana; Texas; Cowboy The Beatles
peace; Smoking is Disaster; Milk is Better than Wine; Star Wars; Basketball Sports Shoes; US Best (on sneakers).

Phrases for dialogues.

I want to try it on.
I want to try these jeans (that coat, this dress, this suit).
It fits well.
It looks good on you.
I want a smaller (lager) size.
The color doesn't suit me.
I need size…
eight / ten / twelve
forty - two / fifty
How much is…?
Yes, I'll take it.
Wrap it up, please.
Where do I pay?

In England it was a custom, during the 17th and 18th centuries, for all ladies of fashion to paint their faces and to blacken their eyebrows. In the 19th century there was a change of taste, however, and until about the end of the century, ladies who used make – up were not accepted in high society. Girls were advised, just before entering the ballroom, to bite and lick their lips and slap their cheeks hard to bring some color to the face.

Today the use of cosmetics is accepted everywhere and has become big business. It is even common today to see women and girls putting on make – up in public, especially lipsticks.

The task of the project participants is to give an advertisement corresponding to this product.

One day you may notice that the skin of your face don't look too attractive. Don't worry! Come to our shop and get "Honey and Almond skin Cream". This water – based formula cream helps to soothe the skin and maintain a healthy soft appearance. The price is very reasonable. Use it regularly. Better before your sleep.

Almost
Skin
Attractive
To soothe
Maintain
Reasonable
Cosmetics
etc.

In the department, various types of cream, lipstick, perfume, cologne were exhibited and advertising was thought out for all.

In the dialogues, students talked about the quality of the refrigerator being sold (TV, telephone, microwave oven, washing machine, electric oven, etc.), showed how to use them, offered their delivery services to the buyer’s address, etc.

Information for the Customers.

Troubleshooting.

Before taking the units for repair check the following sections. Should any persist after you have made these checks, consult your nearest Sony dealer.

The unit does not operate.
No sound comes from the speaker.
FULL is displayed and you cannot start recording.
Noise is heard.

After the defense of all projects, questions to the participants:

Learning English is becoming more popular in Russia. Why do people learn English in our country? Do you think you can do without English in your future life? Why do you learn English? Why is English the world's top language? What will the role of English be in the 21st century?

Each group of students was awarded books in English. Then all participants wrote their impressions about the design and protection of projects by classmates.