THE ACCIDENT WITH THE INET IS LIQUIDATED AND IT'S GOOD.

These gypsy magic words help gypsies open any doors in the sense that before going somewhere to any meeting, and even more so to a business meeting, the gypsy says these words to himself and the meeting succeeds. That is, what the gypsy wanted to get from this meeting, he gets. The conspiracy works for all people, except for the so-called whiners or complainers. That is, those people who are always whining that their life was not successful, that everything in this beautiful world for God is bad. God does not give such people good luck as a punishment for sinful thoughts about themselves.

CONSPIRACY FROM THEFT

How to make sure that you are not robbed by gypsies or other wizards? Very simple. There is a gypsy conspiracy in Russian "Fish with a head, everything that was - everything is with me." It is necessary to pronounce a conspiracy with passion and faith, out loud or to yourself in every corner of your rooms in the house and pronounce it when you go outside. The conspiracy is suitable only for those people who themselves have never stolen in their lives. Whoever steals is sinful and the conspiracy will not help him, God will punish him for theft with theft. A gypsy conspiracy cannot be stronger than God's will.

KYZYL BYZMA (BLACK CAT)

In order not to be spoiled or evil eyed by people you do not know, before meeting them or before a phone call, you must say “Kyzyl Byzma” aloud or to yourself with fury. And you must believe in the power of these words, and then no damage and the evil eye are afraid of you. The black cat is the symbol of the Devil. When a black cat crosses your path - this is a big luck, the Devil himself wants to protect you.

JA LACHI DROM - Say these words three times before an important matter, before you start doing something, and everything will be argued and successful. And if where the obstacles that need to be resolved begin, also say this to yourself. Very strong kind magic words

Mando Saro Shukar - I'm fine

These magic words are needed in order not to anger God. "Sir juwese?" - the gypsies ask each other. Mando saro shukar - the second gypsy always answers. Always and constantly say in response to a question about how you are doing, “mando saro shukar” to yourself and out loud the same thing in Russian, and everything will really work out in your life.

JAH DATZIR!

I won't give you a translation, you don't need it. These magic words must be said with fury and strength to yourself in the company of those people who get you and shake your nerves with moralizing or whining. Say "Jah datzir" three times in a row and see how this person will fuck off you and will not bother you at all.

I ask you not to judge me particularly strictly - the words are arranged at random and only those that I can now remember. Over time, the vocabulary will take on more definite forms.

here - you

tume - you

tuke - to you

terE - yours

miri (peace) - my (my)

mange - me

mander - with me

kokuro - himself

ki tu - to you

yune - she

amoro - our

amore - our

kai - where

Savo - what

sarEsa - quite

sneakers - when

nothing - nothing

con - who

Karik - where

cheese - like

palso - why

but - how much

darik - here

fool - there

kadyake - so

nipples - why

dulEski - because

chayuri (tea) - girl, girl

chaYale - girls, girls

chavoro (chavorAle) - boy, guy

chavale - boys, guys

Roma - gypsy, husband

romany - gypsy, wife

Gila - song

kamam - love

mae tut kamam - i love you

mangav - please

me here manAv - I beg you

jav ke me - come to me

jav darik - come here

shunEsa? - do you hear?

avEn - let's go

Kher - house

avEn khare - let's go home

from kiras? - What do we do?

from that KamES? - what do you want?

Tu bi world - you without me

Mme biterO - I am without you

dumindem - thought

with mange te kira? - what should I do?

that Jeans? - you know?

mae na jinom - i don't know

peng - to say

so tu pyeongyang? - what you said?

who is the smoke? - who's there?

nichi me tuter on mangawa - I don't ask you for anything

nichi me tuter na pengawa - I won't tell you anything

chamudEs - you kiss

mae jin, so tu man kamEsa - I know that you love me

tyrdev! - stop! Wait!

dey sy - so it is

tehas - to eat

with Texas? - what to eat?

sneakers wow? - where did you go?

tu miri kamlY (tu miro kamlo) - you are my favorite (you are my favorite)

me biterO tydzhevAu na muzhinAv - I can't live without you

mae bang o li - I'm to blame

ripirava - remember

from manza? - what happened with me?

SHURU DUKHAL - Head hurts

me here rodAm - I'm looking for you

tu me lahtem - I found you

that on holyasov - don't be angry

sorry Sorry

KamEsa? - want?

play - drink

AvEsa tyrdEs? - Will you smoke?

on tyrdY! - do not smoke!

pale - forward

angel - back

traduny - machine

dates - from here

avEn datYr - send from here

Zaker - closed

utkErdo - open

me here morAva - I will kill you

chachipe - true

hohavEsa - deceiving

na uja - don't go

now me java - now I will come

devel - god

te scarin man deval! - May God punish you!

dade - dad

yes - mom

bibi - aunt

how - uncle

pheng - brother

pshAn - sister

yavEla - will come

de boot? - In what time?

tasya - tomorrow

pal tasya - after-tomorrow

DadyvEs - today

dyvEs - day

blowA - door

churi - knife

balA - hair

chibe - bed

angrusty - ring

chirgin - stars

chirgenori - asterisk

yakh - eye

yakhA - eyes

tere yakha cheese chirginYa - your eyes are like stars

yak - light

pair - white

kalo - black

lulo - red

liloro - sheet, passport

barO - big

bang - damn

manush - man

gajo is not a gypsy

chacho - true

bJav - wedding

panI - water

bravInta - vodka

so! - look!

de mange podykhav - let me see

deshuek - 11

deshuduy - 12

deshutrin - 13

bishte - 20

triYanda - 30

Stardash - 40

Accidentally stumbled upon.

Gypsy language (romano rakirebe).

greetings

Hello - bahtales
Hello - dubrIdin
Welcome! - Mishto yavYan!
Happy stay! (to many people) - te yavEn bahtalE!
Happy stay! (to a man) - te yavEs bakhtalO!

Good afternoon (everyone) - devEs lachO (sarEnge)

Standard phrases

Thanks - Nais
Be healthy - yavEn saste
Good night - lachi ryat
How are you? - Cheese tere business?
How are you? - Cheese tu jivEsa?
Everything is going well! - Sa avela mishto!
What is your name? - the cheese is kharen?
My name is... - man kharen...
You have a beautiful name - tUte gojo laf
I'm sorry - I'm sorry
What you said? - So Tu PyeongYang?
Can you hear me? - Tu man shunEsa?
Understood)? - Polyyan?
How do you feel? - Do you feel the cheese?
What should I do? - So mange te kira?
What do you want? - From that KamES?
I love you - me here kamAm / kamAv
I hate you - me here nakamAm / nakamAv
I give you my word - dava tukE mirO laf
It hurts… - man o dukhal…
I beg you - me here mangav
You know? - that JinEs?

Let's go home - yavEn khare
I will come - me avav
I won't tell you anything - nichi me tuter on pengawa
Wait! (Stop!) - tyrdЁv!
So it is - dey sy
It's true - hell chachipe
Who's there? (when they knock) - condy?
Don't go! - wow!
Come here - yav darik
Get out of here - jadad kher / yav durik
I beg you - me here mangawa
I see - me dykhav
I thought - mae doumindyom
I don't know how to say it - na ginom, hell peng cheese
Look! - Duc!
Do not be angry - on holidays
Do not smoke - on tyrdY; are you going to smoke? - AVESA TYRDES?
It's my fault? - me bango?
I remember everything - me sa rapirAva
Bought for me - manga kimle
What are you going to eat? - So that lEse tehAs?
Will I sit here? - Me datE pobushala?
Do you know where to go? - Tu dzhinEs, karik te dzhyas?
Where are you ball? - Kai tou sanAs?
We are leaving - ame karadasa
I'm fine - me shukAr
I went (we went) - mae gaeom (ame gaeom)
Done - gata
My God! - miro devel!

Closed - Zaker
Open - utkErdo

Pronouns

I - me
With me - mander
Me - mange/mange
With me - manza
Without me - bi world
I have - man o / mande
To me - ke me
My (my, mine) - world (world, world)

We are AME
Nam - amEnge
Our (our, our) - amorO (amorI, amorE)
To us - ke yame

You are the one
You are here
You have - tute
To you - tuke
Yours (your, yours, yours) - cho / terO (ti / terI, terE, tiR / terO)
To you - ki tu
Without you - bi tero

You are tume
Yours (your, yours) - tumarO (tumari, tumarE)

He is yov
Him - laske
His (in the genitive case) - les
His (as an adjective) - laskO

She - her/youne
Her - la

They are Ana
Im - lenge
Their (in the genitive case) - len

Himself - Kokuro
Own - pengo
Yourself - peskE
Yourself - pes

This is hell
This one is like

Everything - sa (saro)
All - saverE
Everyone - SarEn
Everyone - sarEnge
Quite - sarEsa

Who - con
Nobody - nikon
With whom - kasa

So - kadyake
Together - khetane
Because - dulEski
What - with

Questions

What? - So?
Where? - Kai?
Where? - Karik?
How? - cheese?
What for? - palso?
Why? - nipples? (but more often - the same as in Russian)
When? - sneakers?
Who? - con?
How? - but?
Which? - Savo?

Answers

Yes Yes; no - nat
No - nane
Good - shukAr/mishto
Bad - nashuka
Nothing - nothing
Nobody - nikon
Everything is ready - sa gata
Many - but
A little bit of a booty
I give you my word - dava tukE mirO love

Description

Handsome - hojo
Ugly - Bank
You are my (my) pretty (th) - that world (peace) pretty
Dear - drago
Favorite (th) - kamlO (kamly)
Good (pretty) - lacho (lachinko)
Fool (fool) - dyrlyny (dyrlyno)
small - small
Big - baro
Poor - charoro
Rich - barvalo
Gypsy - rom / romal
Not a gypsy - gajo
"Devil with Horns" - Beng rogEnsa
New - nEvo
Sly / cunning (cunning) - uzhYanglo (uzhYangle)
Smart - godyavir
Happy (happy, happy) - bakhtalo (bakhtali, bakhtalE)
Daredevil (male) - mursh
Gypsy - romAno
Golden (golden, golden, golden) - sanakUno (sanakUny, sanakUno, sanakUne)
There are no more like them in the world - nane ada vavir pre light

Status Description

I feel bad (I feel good) - mange nashuk (mange shukAr)
I'm tired - me kranio
I slept - me popAcio
I got sick - me zanasvaluYo
I'm over it! - Mander is enough!
New - nEvo
Happy (happy) - bahtalo (bakhtali)
I want to sleep - kamElpe tesovEs

People (monushA)

The people are crazy
Good people - lache monushA
Girl / girl - chayuri; "docha" - tea
Girls/girls - chaYale
Woman - Rumy
Boy / guy - chavoro; "son" - chavoraAle
Boys/Guys - ChavAle
Man - Roma
Fortune teller - drabarovkina
Witch - shuvani
Little boy - tykhnenko chavoro
Friend (girlfriend, friends) - vortAko (vortAka, vortAchya)
Him (her) ... years - leskE (lakE) ... bersh
Two brothers - dui pshala

Relatives

Mom - yes
With mom - yes sa
Dad - dado/dad
Son - whoa
Daughter - tea
Sister - phrEn
With Sister - PhrenA So
Brother - pshal
With brother - pe pshalEse
Brother - pshalEske
Grandpa - papo
Grandma - mami
With grandma - baba co
Daughter-in-law Bori
Husband - Roma
Wife - Romanians
uncle - how
With uncle - kakE se
Aunt - bibi
With aunt - bbya co

Time

Year - bersh
Month - Shen
Day - devEs/des
Night - ryat; at night - ryate
Morning - daediminians
Evening - dekusare
In the morning - dodesara
Today - Dadyves
Tomorrow - taYa
The day after tomorrow - halibut
Now - the same as in Russian

Place

House - kher (you can - kher)
There - dute
Here - date
Road - DrOm; on the way - pe droma
Here - darik
There - fool
From here - dates
Forward - pale
Back - angel

Body parts

Eye (a) - yakh (A)
Nose - nakh
Lips - high
Teeth - dAnda
face - mui
Hand - Vast
Head - Shero/Shuru
Hair - bala
Belly - peer
Leg - punrro
On my feet - about the hero

Products

Cooking - tekareles haben
Woman cooks - rromni keravEla
What do you eat? - from that hass?
Eat - texas
Drink - play
Boiled - carado
Apple - phabai
Pear - ambrol
Watermelon - lubenytsa
Melon - harbuzo
Apricot - baratskaya
Potato - colompiri
Cabbage - shah
Rice - rezo
Meat - mas
Sugar - prakhu
Water - PanI
Milk - thud
Coffee - kava
Vodka - bravInta

Creatures and animals

God - devel
Damn bang
Dog - jukel
Horse - gray
Bird - ChirEkly

Clothing, jewelry

Trousers - halloween
Scarf - dykhlo
Skirt - just like in Russian
Gold - sumnakay
Golden ring - sanakUno angrusty
Silver - Rupee

Miscellaneous

Conversation - rakirebe
Truth - chacho / chachipe
Lies - hohAype
Rain - brishind
Wind - balval
Heart/Soul - Ilo
Moon - shyonuto
Star - black; stars - chirgIn (I); asterisk - chirgenorI
Sun - kham
Money - love
Without money - without lovEngi
Fire - yag
Water - PanI
Blood - rat
Table - scamInd
Bed - chibe
Door - blowA
Song - Gila
Love - KamAm
Knife - churi
Light - yak
Leaflet / passport - lilOro
wedding - bjav
Stone - bar
Road/path - core
Tree - kasht

"winged"

May God punish you! - Te scarin man devel!
A dog won't bite a dog - djukel dzhukles on hala
Lying stone - pashlo bar
Sings like a bird - bagala cheese chirEkly
Your eyes are like stars - terE yakhA chirgin cheese

Miscellaneous phrases and actions

Come / come to me - yav ke me
He Knows Everything - Yeow SarO JinL
It's raining - brishind jyala
Where should I go? / Do you know where to go? - Karik tejav? / JeanEs, Karik tejYas?
Who is coming? - con avela?
We walk together - ame jyasa khetane
Don't be afraid - on dArpe
Give me your hand - de waste
I heard it - me hell shundem
I beg you - me here mangav
I don't ask you for anything - nothing me tuter on mangaAwa
I'll tell you - me here pengAwa
I won't tell you anything - nichi me tuter on pengAwa
Do you hear? - shunEsa?
Let's go (home) - yavEn (khare)
What should I do? / What do we do? - with mange te kira? / From kyrAs?
I thought (a) - mae doumindyom
It burns, but does not heat - khachen, ne on tatkirEl
Kiss - chamudEv
I remember the song - rapierAva me gily
Looking for - rodAm; found - lakhtem
You got angry - that kholysyan
Do you see it too? - Tu chi dykhes hell?
Okay, I'll come - Mishto, me java
You're lying, I know - tu hohavEsa, mae jinom
I don't know anything - Mae nichi on ginom
Me lived in ... - ame jindYam de ...
We visited ... - ame samAs de ...
We're going to the dance - ame gayom at the disco
We are leaving - ame karadasa
I want to see you - kamAm / kamAv ki tu
Come on! - mishto akana bre!
What, you left (came)? - that with, gee (javdya)?
I want to know - kamElpe jyanAv

This tutorial is designed to study the dialect of Moscow (Russian) gypsies.
The first part of the book is divided into separate lessons, which include grammar, exercises, texts with parallel translation into Russian and dictionaries for texts.
The second part contains old and popular songs and poems, proverbs and sayings, as well as crossword puzzles to test the assimilation of vocabulary.
The book gives keys to exercises, answers to crossword puzzles, and at the end you will find a Gypsy-Russian and Russian-Gypsy dictionaries.
The book is addressed to everyone who wants to learn the Romani language from scratch, as well as those who want to improve their knowledge. The publication is of interest to linguists, comparativeists, Indologists, and folklorists.

GRAMMATICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE PARTS OF SPEECH IN THE GYPSY LANGUAGE.
In terms of their grammatical meaning and functions in speech, various parts of speech practically do not differ from the corresponding parts of speech in Russian. For this reason, we can not dwell on the formal characteristics of each of them, that is, repeat that the noun denotes objects and substances, as well as abstract concepts that are conceivable objectively (love, whiteness), that the verb denotes the action of an object, and the adjective denotes a sign subject. A more detailed analysis of the necessary "particular differences is presented below in the description of individual features of the parts of speech.

The teaching material of the manual is divided into separate lessons. The logic of the distribution of this material is simple: first, information is given about the noun and the verb, in these lessons the words of other parts of speech are also introduced - they are presented in Dictionaries for educational texts with grammatical comments. This will allow the reader to gradually accumulate vocabulary and examples of its use in speech, necessary for the following lessons. The author tried to distribute the material evenly among the lessons, but in some cases it was necessary to make the grammar sections of the lessons more voluminous. The fact is that the reader is unlikely to be able to find a grammar reference or other textbook in addition to the tutorial. They have not been published for a long time, and in previously published books, the terms do not always coincide with those used in this manual. Therefore, the author, with all his striving for conciseness, was forced to make the grammatical sections for a number of lessons more lengthy, so that the reader could find answers to those questions that will inevitably arise in the future as his knowledge grows.

CONTENT
FOREWORD
introductory course. ELEMENTARY INFORMATION ABOUT THE GYPSY LANGUAGE
Romani dialects
What is not in this book
What is in this book
WRITTEN AND PRONUNCIATION
Romani alphabet (Roman alphabet)
Gypsy pronunciation (Romano vyrakiriben)
Recommendations for working with vocabulary materials
Recommendations for working with texts
GRAMMAR
Parts of speech in Romani
Grammatical characteristics of parts of speech in the Romani language List of conditional abbreviations
Part I. MAIN COURSE (Lessons 1-34)
Lesson 1. Two kinds of nouns. The meaning of the conjugated forms of the verb. The present tense of the verb. Present tense of verbs of I conjugation
Lesson 2 Verbs not included in any of the three conjugations
Lesson 3 Abbreviated Present Tense
Lesson 4 remembering the gender of nouns. Adaptation of loan verbs
Lesson 5 Present tense of verbs II conjugation
Lesson 6 Present tense of III conjugation verbs
Lesson 7 Short forms present time
Lesson 8 Reflexive forms of the verb
Lesson 9 Personal forms of the infinitive (indefinite form of the verb)
Lesson 10 Personal forms of the infinitive (2)
Lesson 11 Forms of the future tense I (perfect form)
Lesson 12 Future Tense Forms II ( imperfect form)
Lesson 13 Meaning of case forms. Forms of the future tense II (imperfect form)
Lesson 14 Forms of the imperative mood
Lesson 15 Forms of the imperative mood (2)
Lesson 16 Past tense forms I (perfect form)
Lesson 17 Past tense forms I (2)
Lesson 18 Past tense forms I (3)
Lesson 19 Past tense forms I (4)
Lesson 20 Past tense forms I (5)
Lesson 21 Forms of the past tense I from verbs of conjugation III (6)
Lesson 22 Past tense forms I (7)
Lesson 23 Declension of native adjectives
Lesson 24 The meaning of participles and their use in speech
Lesson 25
Lesson 26 comparative adjectives and adverbs. Participles
Lesson 27 Declension of personal pronouns
Lesson 28 Prepositions
Lesson 29 Prepositions (2)
Lesson 30 Article
Lesson 31 Cardinal numbers
Lesson 32 Adverbs, their formation
Lesson 33 Groups of adverbs by their meaning
Lesson 34 Groups of adverbs by their meaning (2)
Quest Keys
Part II. TEXTS IN Roma LANGUAGE FOR INDEPENDENT WORK
POPULAR ROMANCES AND FOLK SONGS, POEMS
1. Poor (detail)
2. Brook (detail)
3. Me som rum
4. Gene Roma
5. Mae Mangav Devles
6. Mato
7. Sunshine
8. Oh, yes, con avela?
9. Spread out
10. Shalyonochka
11. Terdy of the tent
12. Malyarka
13. Dohane
14. Siramareste
15. Gossip
16. Duy churya
17. Pine
18. Chastushki
19. Khabarka
20. Ai, romale
21. On marenti
22. Shylaly spoiled
23. Barvales cheese
24. Ke Shuryaki
25. Chaise
26. Kai yone
27. Draw vash
28. Smolensk pines
29. Poetry*
30. Risev
31. The golden grove dissuaded *
32. My joy lives *
33. Owls, mro chiavoro
34. Kale Yakha*
35. Nane tsokha
36. Progea
37. Ukrainian Gila*
38. Viburnum lole*
39. Baro foro Kishynevo
40. Dyves and rat
41. Sare Patrya
42. Oh, ne-ne
43. There is a big frost in the yard
44. Shagritsa
45. Nane mande rodo
46. ​​Roma*
47. Phabengro*
48. Vine
SAMPLE PROSE READING WITH A DICTIONARY
49. Riddles (garade lava)
50. Proverbs
51. Fairy tale
ADDITIONAL TASKS
52. Crosswords
53. Palindromes
54. Anagrams
Part II. DICTIONARIES
Gypsy-Russian educational dictionary
Russian-gypsy educational dictionary
Conversational phrases
HOW TO LEARN MORE.

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Gypsies have been living in Russia for several centuries. They can be found throughout the country - from the borders in the west to Far East. Not a single horse market in the 19th century could do without their active participation. A well-deserved fame was brought to them by a special dance and musical art. And what language do these people speak, is there a single gypsy language? After all, gypsies are different. There are Ukrainian Serves, Romanian Vlachs, German Sinti, Crimean and Moldavian Gypsies. What does gypsy linguistics say about this? Let's try to figure out what language the gypsies speak. What words are borrowed from it into our vocabulary?

The process of language formation

Very often some people are called gypsies. What is it connected with? Most likely, they cannot sit in one place, change their place of residence all the time or like to beg for something. Very interesting people - gypsies. Europeans believed that they originally came from Egypt, so in many languages ​​the word "gypsy" is a derivative of "Egypt".

In fact, a thousand years ago, several tribes from the north and west of India migrated to other countries. So they became gypsies. Some tribes ended up in Persia, others wandered around the lands of Turkey, some reached Syria, Egypt and North Africa. Being natives of India, these people retained the Indian language for communication.

Later, the gypsies migrated to the Balkans, to Russia, Hungary. Then they appeared in European countries: Germany, England, France, Spain, Sweden and Finland.

Centuries of wandering led to the fact that the Romani language borrowed words from other languages. After all, the gypsies had occupations that allowed them to roam. Some were engaged in woodcarving, others made dishes, others danced, sang, wrote poems, guessed. They all loved horses and traded them. In Spain, the gypsies danced beautifully flamenco.

So, the gypsy language belongs to the Indo-Aryan group Indo-European languages. This language is still used by the inhabitants of Pakistan, India, Bangladesh. It is this dialect that is considered the only Balkan language of Indian origin. The gypsy dialect has two close relatives - the Domari language (used by the inhabitants of Jerusalem) and Lomavren (formerly used by the Armenians).

Since the gypsies traveled all over the world, the development of their dialect took place in the form of separate dialects. In each country where the gypsies lived, some peculiarities of the dialect were formed.

Although the gypsies separate themselves from other peoples, a single "gypsy society" has not yet formed. This leads to the extinction of gypsy dialects.

Countries where gypsies live

How widespread is the gypsy dialect today? The largest number of representatives of this people live in Romania - about half a million people. The next country in terms of their number is Bulgaria - 370 thousand. About 300,000 Roma live in Turkey. Over 250,000 people are in Hungary. The next country is France, where about 215,000 Roma live. The following list will show you the number of Romani users in other countries:

• in Russia - 129,000;
• Serbia - 108,000;
• Slovakia - 106,000;
• Albania - 90,000;
• Germany - 85,000;
• Republic of Macedonia - 54,000;
• Ukraine - 47,000;
• Italy - 42,000;
• Bosnia and Herzegovina - 40,000.

In all other European countries, their number is less than 20,000 people. In the UK, Spain and Estonia there are only 1000 representatives each.

A bit from the grammar of the gypsy dialect

Gypsy dialect is characterized by a definite article of difference in gender and number. The presence of seven cases is distinguished: nominative, accusative, dative, dative, possessive, instrumental, vocative. All nouns have abstract masculine concepts. Pronouns have only six cases, without a vocative. The infinitive of the verb does not exist. Adjectives are inflected when referring to a noun.

Dialects

Sometimes speakers of different dialects of the Romani language do not understand each other well. Only conversations in everyday topics. Modern language Gypsy has three mega-groups:

1. Romani.
2. Lomavren.
3. Domari.

Each large dialect zone is divided into smaller groups, including phonetic and grammatical innovations. Borrowings depend on the habitat. The existence of the following largest dialect zones is noted:

• Northern. This includes Scandinavian, Finnish, Baltic Gypsies, Sinti, Russian Roma.
• Central. Austrian, Czech, Hungarian, Slovak dialects.
• Vlashskaya. The dialects are Lovari, Vlach, Kalderari.
• Balkan. Serbian, Bulgarian, Crimean gypsies.
• Servite. Received a strong influence of northeastern dialects.

In Russia, the Vlach dialect, borrowed from the language of the Romanian gypsies, is considered the most common. From it came the local northern Russian dialect. It is similar to Polish, Czech, Slovak, Lithuanian dialects. It is important to note that on the basis of the Kalderari dialect, a project was drawn up for a supra-dialect Koine - a common gypsy language.

Moldovan and Romanian gypsies

In 2002, it was first celebrated in Moldova. For the first time, Moldovan gypsies were mentioned in 1428. Representatives of this people in Moldova, as in Romania, are subordinate to their baron. For many years, Moldovan Roma have been subjected to harassment. After all, in the nineteenth century it was still possible to buy a whole family of gypsies and use them as slaves.

The baron of the Gypsies of Moldova today is Arthur Cerare. Here, these people are mainly engaged in handicrafts. Gypsy houses can be recognized from afar, just like their clothes. They paint them colorfully, put whole pictures on the walls. Most often, the owners have enough skills for landscapes and flowers. There are also rich representatives of this people. Their houses are like mansions, churches or temples.

Features of the dialects of Russian gypsies

The ancestors of Russian Gypsies came to the country from Poland. They were engaged in horse trading, divination, music and were Orthodox Christians. Now they can be found all over the country. Russian Federation. People especially like their songs and dances. With the advent of the October Revolution, the gypsy merchants were completely destroyed, and the horse markets were closed. The Nazis also subjected.

The dialect of Russian Roma is filled with tracing papers from Polish, German, Russian. Suffixes and prefixes were borrowed. most main feature Russian dialect is considered to be the use of the ending -ы. It is used in feminine nouns and adjectives and is similar to the ending -i. Examples: romny (gypsy), parny (white), loli (red). But with the ending -i: khurmi (porridge), churi (knife).

Here are examples of words that have common gypsy roots: dad (father), give (mother), gray (horse), vast (hand), yakh (eye), yag (fire), pany (water). We will also give examples of words with borrowings from the Russian language: reka (river), rodo (genus), vesna (spring), bida (trouble), tsveto (color). Words taken from the Polish language: sendo (court), indaraka (skirt), skempo (stingy). The following borrowings were taken from the Germans: feld (field), fanchtra (window), shtuba (apartment).

Gypsy words in Russian

Borrowings not only penetrate into the gypsy dialect, but also leave it. Especially they are filled with street, criminal, restaurant and musical lexicon. Everyone knows that the word "lave" means money, because many gypsies often ask for it for divination. "Steal" also comes from the gypsy dialect and means "steal". Often, instead of "eat and eat," the slang "hawal" is used. To play on musical instrument sometimes used "labat". And very often young people use the word "dude", which means "your boyfriend."

The most common gypsy phrases

If you want to study the most popular phrases of the nomadic people, you can refer to the gypsy dictionary. The very phrase "gypsy language" is written in it as "romano rakirebe". Here are the most commonly used greeting phrases:

• bahtales - hello;
• dubridin - hello;
• mishto yavyan - welcome;
• deves lacho - good afternoon.

In addition to greetings, you may be interested in other standard phrases:

• yaven saste - be healthy;
• nais - thank you;
• laci ryat - good night;
• cheese here kharen - what's your name;
• sorry - sorry;
• me tut kamam - I love you;
• me here manga - I ask you;
• me sukar - I am fine;
• miro deval - my God!

In literature and art

Gypsy dialect is more often used as colloquial. Nevertheless, some books are written in this dialect. The following writers used it to write works: Lexa Manush, Papusha, Mateo Maximov. It is also worth noting Georgy Tsvetkov, Valdemar Kalinin, Janusz Panchenko, Dzhura Makhotin, Ilona Makhotina. There are a number of other writers who used the gypsy dialect in their works.

Mostly small prose forms and poems were written on it. Poetry has always been traditional entertainment for this people. But you cannot write a prose work without some preparation.

There is a theater "Pralipe", where performances are played in the gypsy dialect. The first operetta by Nikolai Shishkin also puts on productions in the Roma language.

Two directors who make films in this language have received wide acclaim. This is Tony Gatlif. The Roma language was used in the films "Strange Stranger", "Lucky", "Exiles", "Gypsy Time".

Gypsies in the USA

Roma can also be found in Canada and the USA, but there are very few of them here. They are represented by all three branches of European gypsies: Kale, Sinti, Roma. How did the representatives get to America? They came there in different years. These were mainly Roma artists from the countries of the former USSR, as well as from the Czech Republic and Romania.

For American gypsies, there is no single way of life and a single culture; they have dissolved among the most diverse segments of the population. Some have become marginalized, others have become big businessmen. AT North America virtuoso guitarist Vadim Kolpakov, professor Ronald Lee, writer Emil Demeter, musician Yevgeny Gudz became famous.

Most Americans have vague ideas about this people. Gypsy culture seems distant and exotic to them. It is estimated that there are about one million Roma in the United States. Some of them have to suffer from employment stereotypes.

The threat of extinction of gypsy dialects

Some European gypsies are still nomadic, but most are accustomed to a sedentary lifestyle. The dialect of this people was strongly influenced by Slavic and other languages. Therefore, there is a high probability of losing it. In all European countries, there are about 3-4 million native speakers of the Roma language. The main obstacle to its spread is considered to be the low level of literacy of the Roma. Although Kosovo, Macedonia, Croatia, Romania, Slovenia, Slovakia, Germany, Finland, Hungary recognize it as a minority language.

The big disadvantage of the gypsy dialect is neglect. Grammar and vocabulary are quite in a primitive state. It is even easier for this people to maintain identity at the level of everyday life, but at the level of speech it is very bad. There are very few gypsy prefixes and particles, so the language is littered with Russian elements. However, today groups are working in some countries to standardize the Roma language. In Romania, there is even a unified system for teaching the Romani language. In Serbia, some channels and radio broadcasts are broadcast on it.