For me Far East is primarily associated not with the dense forests of Eastern Siberia, but with the volcanoes of Kamchatka. In the relief of this part of Russia, clearly predominant forms can be distinguished, but even here there was a place for diversity. Moreover, I know that the region has a rather ancient geological history.

Features of the Far Eastern relief

The basis of the entire relief of the Far East is the Cenozoic folding. In its extreme northeastern part (Kamchatka), the crust has not yet settled down and the formation of folding continues, which explains the volcanic activity. Frequent guests here are:

• tsunami;
• earthquakes;
• volcanic eruptions.

In the same part of the Far East, there are the highest mountains - Klyuchevskaya Sopka, for example, 4751 m.

The southern part of the region is represented by medium and low mountains (Sikhoty-Alin), and in the middle part there are highlands (Kolyma) and plateaus (Anadyr). The transition between the mountainous part of the Far East and the plateaus is “softly” carried out by the Central Kamchatka Plain, which plays the role of an intermountain depression. Generally speaking, the region is characterized by the presence of a large number of mountain ranges, which can be both high in the north and small, in the form of hills, in the south. The mountains themselves are a clear contrast with the swampy lowlands located in the neighborhood. The relief and the large extent of the area affect the local climate, which can vary greatly in different places in the Far East: from temperate monsoon to arctic.

Volcanoes of the Russian Far East

Kamchatka and the Kuriles are the only centers of active volcanism in Russia that are part of the so-called "Ring of Fire" of the Pacific Ocean. But only in Kamchatka you can observe all types of volcanic activity.

• Highly explosive eruptions (with explosions).
• Effusive eruptions (abundant release of lava).
• Geyser (release of water vapor).
• The activity of fumaroles (rapid release of gas from cracks at the foot of volcanoes).

In total, there are 29 active volcanoes in Kamchatka, and only 5 of them pose a danger to humans.

The territory of the Far East is located along the Pacific coast for more than 4,500 thousand km. from Chukotka to the border with Korea. The northern part of the region is located beyond the Arctic Circle, therefore, even in summer, snow covers remain. The southern territories are located at 40 latitudes - among the spruce groves, subtropical plants are often found here.

Nature

This region is characterized by contrasting phenomena and processes, which are due to the interaction of various air masses, cold and warm air masses, as well as the junction of lithospheric plates. All this became a prerequisite for the formation of colorful natural conditions.

The Far Eastern Territory is located on the line of collision of the Pacific and Eurasian plates, resulting in the formation of mountain systems that stretch parallel to the ocean.

Most of the mountain ensembles of the Far East were formed back in the Mesozoic period, but mountain building processes continue to this day, as evidenced by systematic earthquakes in this region.

Climatic conditions

The contrasting climate of the Far Eastern Territory is predetermined by the interaction of marine and continental air masses in the temperate zone. Due to the cold air flow from the Asian High, winters in the region are severe and frosty.

Under the influence of warm currents from the ocean in winter, a large amount of precipitation falls here, sometimes the thickness of the snow cover reaches 2 m.

Summer in the region is quite warm, but monsoon rains fall here every day. Many rivers of the Far East, in particular the Amur, begin to flood in the summer, because due to the long spring, the snow melts gradually.

Relief, flora and fauna

A complex relief system, a combination of various air masses and closed basins are the factors that lead to the diversity of the vegetation cover of the Far Eastern Territory. The flora includes species characteristic of both cold Siberia and hot Asia.

Here, spruce coniferous forests coexist with impenetrable thickets of bamboo. Lindens, spruces, hornbeams, pears, pines and nuts can be found in the forests. Dense thickets of broad-leaved forests are entwined with lianas, lemongrass and grapes.

The Far Eastern fauna is also very diverse: reindeer, squirrels, sables, elks, which belong to Siberian species, as well as black deer, raccoon dogs, and Amur tigers live here.

Economy of the region

Vivid contrasts are typical and for the economy of the region. Industry and agriculture are well developed in the Far East. Rice, potatoes, soybeans, legumes, wheat and a variety of vegetables are grown in the central and southern parts.

Also, the south of the Far East specializes in gardening. In the northern part of the region, expensive furs are made. The coastal areas are dominated by fishing.

In the bowels of the Far Eastern Territory, a large-scale ensemble of minerals is presented, which are rarely found in the same territory, these are copper, non-ferrous and iron ores, gold, phosphorites, oil, natural gas, apatites and graphites.

The Far East is truly a mountainous country. About 75% of the territory is occupied by mountains, uplands and plateaus. With a large area of ​​the region, medium-high or low mountains prevail here. Only a few ranges reach a height of 2000 m. In the south of the region there are two well-known mountain systems Khingano-Bureinskaya and Sikhote-Alin. The Dzhugdzhur Ridge is located along the Sea of ​​Okhotsk. A chain of ridges Yankan-Tukuringra - Dzhagdy stretched to the north, and even to the north - a stanovoy ridge. The ridges of the Khingan-Bureinsky massif, Stanovoy and Dzhugdzhur are characterized by steep rocky slopes and treeless galtz peaks. The highest point (2639 m) is located in the Badzhal Range. The highest point of Sikhote-Alin is Mount Tardoki-Yani. Its height is 2077 m and it is located in the north of the Khabarovsk Territory.

The relief of the Far East was formed in the Mesozoic and Cenozoic periods. It was then that characteristic folded zones and intermountain depressions formed. The ocean also had a significant impact on the relief. So, for example, land areas - Sakhalin Island and the Kuril Islands were then under water. Only later these territories appeared on the surface, where they are still. From west to east, the nature of the morphostructures of the Far East changes from older to younger, and from folded-blocky to folded and blocky-folded. The highest sections of the mountains: the ridges of Dzhagdy, Bureinsky, Badzhalsky, Sikhote-Alin. There used to be glaciers here. Today, hills, kars and trogs testify to this.

The Far East of the CIS, commonly referred to as the Far East, is characterized by the predominance of uplands, which account for over 80% of the area. The Far East includes the Koryak Range and the Kamchatka Peninsula, the northern coast of the Sea of ​​Okhotsk (to the west of the southern tip of the Kolyma Highlands), the Dzhugdzhur Range, the Amur Region, bounded in the north by the Tukuringra-Dzhagdy Ranges, the Bureinsky Range, Sikhote-Alin, Sakhalin Island, arcs Kuril Islands and a number of lowlands - depressions that have experienced subsidence (Anadyr, Penzhinskaya, etc.). A significant part of these territories was subjected to mountain building in the era of Alpine folding. At the same time, the bottom of the adjacent modern seas was sagging.
The Koryak mountains are the result of Alpine folding. They are characterized by a strong manifestation of volcanism in the past. The mountains consist of parallel chains with a height of 1000 to 1500 m (the highest peak is Mount Ledyanaya - 2562 m above sea level), separated by intermountain depressions. In the south, one of the chains almost touches the Sredinny Kamchatka Range, separated from it by the narrow Parapolsky Valley (up to 10 km wide). The Koryak mountains are characterized by the alpine nature of the relief.

To the north of the Koryaksky mountains is the vast Anadyr lowland with absolute and relative heights of less than 100 m.
In the river basin Penzhina is located Penzhina lowland with absolute heights of no more than 200 m.
The northern coast of the Sea of ​​Okhotsk is filled with mountain ranges, strongly dissected by the valleys of numerous rivers. The slopes of the ridges descend steeply to the sea, the average height of the mountains ranges from 500 to 1500 m. The highest point is in the upper reaches of the Maimakan River - up to 2264 m above sea level. The highest point of the Dzhugdzhur ridge is 1906 m above sea level.

The Amur-Primorekaya region is located in the south of the Far East. The relief of the region is characterized by the presence of mountain ranges of various directions: from close to meridional (Sikhote-Alin ridge) to latitudinal (Tukuringra-Dzhagdy ridge system).
All mountain systems belong mainly to the Mesozoic folding, complicated in the extreme east by the manifestation of the Alpine orogeny.
The system of ridges Tukuringra-Dzhagdy stretches from west to east for a distance of over 800 km. Chains of goltsovy ridges predominate, the highest point reaches 1606 m above sea level. The general appearance of the entire mountain system is soft, the outlines are smooth, there are a number of pass depressions, the ridges are flat-topped, the slopes are gentle.

To the south of the mountain system is the slightly dissected Zeya-Bureya plain with surface elevations from 150 to 400 m above sea level. The Khingan-Bureinskoye highland, consisting of a number of meridional ridges, adjoins the eastern edge of the plain. The largest of them is Bureinsky, stretching from the valley of the Amur River to the north and northeast, where its height reaches 2071 m above sea level. In the west, the highlands are limited by the Turan range. The eastern spurs of the Bureinsky Range, descending, pass into a vast tectonic depression, known as the Khanka-Ussuri and Lower Amur lowlands. The relief of the lowlands is flat, the height of the surface is from 10-20 to 100 m above sea level; by genesis, these are young lacustrine-alluvial plains. Thick strata of alluvial deposits cover the irregularities of the primary relief. Low-mountain massifs and ridges are located in the marginal and internal parts of the Lower Amur Lowland. The lowland is about 600 km long and up to 200 km wide. The Khanka-Ussuri lowland is characterized by terraces that record the past levels of Lake Khanka.

Ridge Dzhugdzhur:

Location: Russia
Age: 150-100 million years.

Mountains of the Amur region:

Location: Russia
Age: 300-150 million years.

Mountains of Primorye:

Location: Russia, China
Age: 150-100 million years.

Sakhalin island:

Location: Russia
Age: about 30 million years.

Koryak Highlands:

Location: Russia
Age: 150-100 million years.

Peninsula Kamchatka:

Location: Russia
Age: about 30 million years.

Kuril Ridge, Garland of Islands:

Location: Russia, Japan
Age: about 30 million years.

The Far East is one of the largest economic and geographical regions of Russia. Includes Primorsky and Khabarovsk Territories, Amur, Kamchatka, Magadan and Sakhalin regions, the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). Area - 3.1 million sq. km 2. Population 4.3 million man (1959). The territory of the Far East stretches from north to south for more than 4.5 thousand km. km. It is washed by the Chukchi, Bering, Okhotsk, and Japanese seas. The Far East is predominantly a mountainous country; the plains occupy relatively small spaces, mainly along the valleys of large rivers (the Amur and its tributaries, the Anadyr, etc.). There are active volcanoes in Kamchatka.

A huge stretch (from the Arctic to the subtropics), a variety of climatic conditions, poor development of the territory and, along with this, the presence of natural resources leave an imprint on the economy of the region. The role of the Far East in the development of foreign trade Russia. The closest trade ties are with China, Vietnam, and Japan. In foreign trade transactions, especially great importance have seaports of Vladivostok and Nakhodka.

Primorsky Krai is located in the southern part of the Far East and occupies an area of ​​165.9 thousand km 2 . borders with China People's Republic and the Democratic People's Republic of Korea, in the north - with the Khabarovsk Territory, from the east it is washed by the waters of the Sea of ​​Japan. The composition of the region includes the islands: Russian, Slavic, Reineke, Putyatina, Askold, etc.

Most of the territory is occupied by mountains belonging to the Sikhote-Alin system (maximum height 1855 m. Cloudy). The most extensive lowlands are Ussuriyskaya and Prikhankayskaya. The climate is characterized by a pronounced monsoon character. Most of the rivers belong to the Amur basin;

Minerals: tin, polymetals, tungsten, gold, fluorites, coal, Construction Materials. The most famous deposits: tin - Kavalerovsky ore district; tungsten - Vostok-2; polymetals - Nikolaev; fluorites - Voznesenskoye, coal - Lipovedskoye, Rettikhovskoye, Pavlovskoye, Bikinskoye.

On the territory of Primorsky Krai there are 25 administrative districts, 11 cities, 45 urban-type settlements, 221 village councils. On 01.01.1992 The population in the region was 2309.2 thousand people. human. Population density 13.9 people. for 1 km 2. 32% of workers and employees are employed in the region's industry, 8% in agriculture, 12% in transport, and 11% in construction.

Economic activity Primorsky Krai is focused on the development of oceanic industries: maritime transport, the fishing industry, ship repair, offshore construction, etc. They account for more than a third of the gross social product.

In the total marketable output of industry and agriculture of Primorsky Krai, industry accounts for 88%. The industries that determine the participation of Primorsky Krai in interregional exchange include: fish (31% of production), engineering and metalworking (25%), forestry and woodworking (4%) and mining and chemical industry (2%). Primorye provides the country with 15% of the catch of fish and seafood, the main part of boron products and fluorspar, a significant part of lead, tin, tungsten, but the development of the economy is hindered due to the deterioration of the fund (in industry - 42.8%, in construction - 43.0%) .

Primorsky Krai has a developed diversified agriculture. In agricultural production, the share of animal husbandry is 60%. In the total consumption of the region's population, local production of vegetables, milk and meat takes up to 60-65%; The population is fully provided with its own potatoes.

Primorye is the most developed region of the Far East in terms of transport. The territory of the region is crossed from north to south by the end section of the Trans-Siberian railway, which has several exits to the sea coast, where large transport hubs have been created (Vladivostok, Nakhodka, Vostochny Port, Posyet).

Economic relations of the region: fish and fish products, non-ferrous metals, and their concentrates, commercial timber, furs, soybeans, rice, honey, antlers are exported; Ferrous metals, machinery and equipment, oil products, food and light industry products, building materials are imported.

The Khabarovsk Territory borders on the Primorsky Territory, the Amur and Magadan regions. It is washed by the Sea of ​​Okhotsk and the Sea of ​​Japan.

The territory of the region is 824.6 thousand km 2 . Mountainous relief prevails here (over 70% of the territory), the main mountain ranges are: Sikhote-Alin, Turan ranges, M. Khingan, Bureinsky, Badzhalsky, Yam-Alin, Stanovoy, Coastal, Dzhugdzhur; the most extensive lowlands: Lower and Middle Amur, Evoron-Tugan (in the south), Okhotsk (in the north). The climate is monsoonal, with severe and little snowy winters and warm, humid summers.

The rivers of the territory of the region belong to the basins of the Pacific and Arctic oceans. The largest river of the region is Amur, other large rivers are Tumnin, Uda, Tugur, Amgun, Bureya, Bidzhan, Bira.

Minerals: tin, mercury, iron ore, black and brown coal, graphite, brucite, manganese, feldspar, phosphorites, alunites, building materials, peat.

The Khabarovsk Territory includes 22 administrative district, 9 cities, 44 urban-type settlements, 2528 rural councils. The region includes the Jewish Autonomous Region. On 01.01.1992 the population of the region amounted to 1855.4 thousand people. (in the Jewish Autonomous Region - 216 thousand people), including the urban population - 78.4%. Population density - 2.3 people. for 1 km 2. The regional center is the city of Khabarovsk (601 thousand people). Largest cities regions: Komsomolsk-on-Amur, Birobidzhan, Amursk. Agriculture poorly developed.

The Khabarovsk Territory occupies key positions in the unified transport system of the Far East. The configuration of the region's transport network in the future will be determined by the transit railway lines - the Trans-Siberian and BAM. They are adjoined by railway lines: Izvestkovaya - Chegdomyn, Volochaevka - Komsomolsk-on-Amur, Komsomolsk-on-Amur - Sovetskaya Gavan. Developed maritime transport - Vanino. Widely used air Transport. The Okha-Komsomolsk-on-Amur oil pipeline is in operation.

Economic relations of the Khabarovsk Territory: products of mechanical engineering and metalworking (energy and foundry equipment, agricultural machinery), non-ferrous and ferrous metallurgy, forestry, woodworking and pulp and paper industries, chemistry, fish and fish products are exported; oil and oil products, ferrous metallurgy products, machinery and equipment, light industry products, fertilizers, food are imported.

Climate

The main features of the nature of the Soviet Far East are determined by its position on the eastern outskirts of Asia, which is subject to the direct influence of the Pacific Ocean and the seas related to it. The Far East is washed by the Chukchi, Bering, Okhotsk and Japanese seas, and in places and directly by the waters of the Pacific Ocean. Since their impact inland is rapidly weakening, the Far East occupies a relatively narrow strip of land, stretching from southwest to northeast for almost 4,500 km. In addition to the mainland, it includes Sakhalin Island, the Shantar Islands (in the Sea of ​​Okhotsk), the Kuril Island Arc, and the Karaginsky and Commander Islands located next to the Kamchatka Peninsula.

The climate of the Far East is distinguished by a special contrast - from sharply continental (the whole of Yakutia, the Kolyma regions of the Magadan region) to monsoonal (southeast), which is due to the vast extent of the territory from north to south (almost 3900 km.) And from west to east (to 2500-3000 km.). This is determined by the interaction of continental and sea air masses of temperate latitudes. In the northern part, the climate is exceptionally harsh. Winter with little snow, lasts up to 9 months. The southern part has a monsoon climate with cold winter and wet summers.

The most significant differences between the Far East and Siberia are associated with the predominance of a monsoon climate in the south and a monsoon-like and maritime climate in the north, which is the result of the interaction between the Pacific Ocean and the land of North Asia. The influence of the marginal seas of the Pacific Ocean, especially the cold Sea of ​​Okhotsk, is also noticeable. The complex, predominantly mountainous terrain has a great influence on the climate.

In winter, currents of cold air rush to the southeast from the powerful Asian High. In the northeast, along the outskirts of the Aleutian Low, the cold continental air of Eastern Siberia interacts with warm sea air. As a result, cyclones often occur, which are associated with a large amount of precipitation. There is a lot of snow in Kamchatka, blizzards are not uncommon. On the eastern coast of the peninsula, the height of the snow cover can sometimes reach 6 m. Snowfalls are also significant on Sakhalin.

In summer, air currents rush from the Pacific Ocean. Maritime air masses interact with continental air masses, as a result of which monsoon rains occur throughout the Far East in summer. The monsoon climate of the Far East covers the Amur Region and Primorsky Territory. As a result, the largest Far Eastern river, the Amur, and its tributaries flood not in the spring, but in the summer, which usually leads to catastrophic floods. Devastating typhoons often sweep over coastal areas, coming from the southern seas.

Under the influence of the coastal position, the maritime and monsoon climate, the boundaries of geographical zones on the plains of the Far East are strongly shifted to the south. Tundra landscapes are found here at 58-59°N. sh., i.e., much to the south than anywhere else on the mainland of Eurasia; forests reaching the extreme southern regions of the Far East and extending further, make up salient feature the entire margin of the continent in the middle latitudes, while the steppe and semi-desert landscapes, which are widespread at these latitudes in the more western interior parts of the continent, are absent here. A similar picture is typical for the eastern part of North America.

The complex relief, which is characterized by a combination of mountain ranges and intermountain plains, determines the landscape differentiation of the territory, wide use not only plain, forest and tundra, but especially mountain-forest, as well as bald landscapes.

In connection with the history of development and the position in the vicinity of floristically and zoogeographically diverse areas, the territory of the Far East is distinguished by a complex interweaving of landscape elements of various origins.

Relief

The relief of the Far East, like its nature, is distinguished by its diversity and unusual combinations. But its main feature is the menacing breath of the bowels. Mountains and depressions predominate, different in appearance, shape and origin. The extreme south is occupied by the asymmetric Sikhote-Alin (2077 m): in the east, its steep slopes come close to sea bays, and in the west, ridges and hills gradually decrease to 300-400 m, passing into the Amur valley.

Behind the narrow (at its narrowest point no more than 12 km) and shallow Tatar Strait, Sakhalin is visible from the shore in clear weather. Two mountain ranges - West and East Sakhalin - frame the central part of the island, occupied by the Tym-Poronai depression (lowering), named after the Tym and Poronai rivers. Sometimes catastrophic earthquakes occur here.

The garland of the Kuril Islands is formed by mountain peaks, the base of which is hidden at a depth of several kilometers (up to 8 or more). Most of these mountains are volcanoes, extinct and active. The highest ones (Alaid - 2339 m; Stokan - 1634 m; Tyatya - 1819 m) are located at the northern and southern ends of the giant arc. Over the past 10 million years, volcanic lava outpourings and major earthquakes have occurred from time to time. These phenomena are accompanied by the current mountain building.

The Kamchatka Peninsula (area - 370 thousand km2) is a vast territory with mountain ranges, coastal plains, and volcanic massifs. The highest of the volcanoes is Klyuchevskaya Sopka (4750 m), located in the Klyuchevskaya group of volcanoes. The relatively flat line of the flat western coast differs sharply from the eastern coast, indented with bays and bays, with its high cliffs. The median ridge (3621 m) stretches across the entire peninsula from the northeast to the southwest. Ancient crystalline rocks were completely covered by volcanic ones. As a result, plateaus, gently sloping hills and mountain ranges appeared. In places there are rounded depressions (calderas) of volcanoes. The Eastern Range (2300-2485 m) has a more dissected relief and reaches the shores of the Pacific Ocean with its spurs. The ridge is surrounded by volcanoes on all sides. In total, there are more than 160 volcanoes in Kamchatka; it is not without reason that it is called the "country of fire-breathing mountains".

To the east of the peninsula are the Commander Islands (Bering Island, Medny, etc.). The central parts of the islands are stepped plateaus facing the ocean with steep ledges.

Bibliography:

1. http://refoteka.ru/r-101023.html

2. http://www.referat.ru/referat/dalniy-vostok-5289

3. http://www.protown.ru/information/hide/4323.html

4. https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/

5. http://answer.mail.ru/question/90052414

http://refoteka.ru/r-101023.html

http://www.referat.ru/referat/dalniy-vostok-5289

http://www.protown.ru/information/hide/4323.html

https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/

http://answer.mail.ru/question/90052414

The Far East consists of 8 regions. These regions have many differences: climate, geological structure etc. All these features are largely influenced by the relief of the Far East. The largest subjects: Yakutia, Primorye, Khabarovsk Territory, Kamchatka, Chukotka and Sakhalin. Smaller in area are the Amur Region and the Jewish Autonomous Region.

In geography, there is such a thing as a physical-geographical country. This is a large unit of measure for the terrain. It means any part of the mainland where the relief is the same or logically passes from one to another. A geographic country includes more territories than a geographic area.

Let's study in more detail the geological structure and relief of the Far East.

Northeast Siberia

One of the geographical countries is North-Eastern Siberia. The borders of this zone included Yakutia, Chukotka and the Magadan region. North-Eastern Siberia in the north is washed by the East Siberian and Chukchi. To the south is the Sea of ​​Okhotsk. This is the largest part that determines the landforms of the Far East.

Northeastern Siberia is characterized by the fact that the highest mountains of this region form a kind of arc, similar to an amphitheater. It includes the Kolyma Highlands and the Verkhoyansk Range. These are the highest mountain peaks stretching along the eastern and southern parts of North-Eastern Siberia. The Kolyma Highlands is mostly located on the territory of the Magadan Region. There are many useful resources hidden in the Kolyma Highlands. These places are rich in deposits of gold and tin, and in addition, in these parts there are various thermal springs.

The Suntar-Khayata Ridge: a brief description

The Suntar-Khayat ridge is one of the important components that make up the relief. It is also part of the resulting "amphitheater". This mountain range stretches for a distance of up to 450 kilometers, and its highest point is determined by a mark of 2959 meters. Over 200 sq. km of Suntar-Khayat is occupied by glaciers, and another 800 sq. km. km was occupied by perennial icing formed by groundwater. Its thickness in some places can reach 8 m.

Northeast Siberia: Verkhoyansk Ridge

The longest mountain range in North-Eastern Siberia is the Verkhoyansk Range. The characteristics of the relief of the Far East will be incomplete if we do not consider in more detail these peaks. The Verkhoyansk Range stretches for 1200 km in length. Its width in some places reaches 250 km. The mountain peaks of this range rise 2 km above sea level. The Verkhoyansk mountain range belongs to the territory of Yakutia.

Chersky Ridge

A little lower from the Verkhoyansk ridge settled in a large number of plateaus. They include and its highest point is located on Mount Pobeda, which reaches a height of 3003 meters above sea level. The Chersky Ridge stretches for one and a half thousand kilometers, capturing the territory of the Magadan Region and Yakutia.

Northeast Siberia: lowlands

The features of the relief of the Far East are presented not only in mountain formations, but also in the lowlands. There are two last ones in North-Eastern Siberia. These are Kolyma and Yano-Indigirskaya. Together they form the swampy East Siberian Lowland, which is the lowest level of the relief of this region. Its average height ranges from 50 to 100 meters above sea level. The climate in these places is subarctic, and the entire territory of North-Eastern Siberia is divided into tundra, taiga and the zone of arctic deserts.

Primorsky Krai

The relief of the Far East in the Primorsky Territory consists of 20% lowland, which is located in the territory south of Lake Khanka. It is believed that this place is the most populated not only in the Primorsky Territory, but also in the entire Far East. The Khanka Plain is surrounded by the Sikhote-Alin and Manchurian mountains. The climate here, as elsewhere in Primorye, is temperate monsoon. The most full-flowing river in Primorsky Krai is the Ussuri, which begins its course from the slopes of Snezhnaya Mountain. The highest point is Anik Peak, located at an altitude of 1933 meters.

Features of the Sakhalin Territory

The relief of the Far East on Sakhalin is mainly represented by mountain formations of medium height. And in the north of the island, hilly plains prevail. There are as many as 11 selected relief areas on Sakhalin. The Schmidt Peninsula is characterized by steep steep coasts in the north and mountain ranges up to 623 meters high. To the south, the mountainous relief of the peninsula passes into the North Sakhalin Plain. Its highest point is 601 m. The northeastern coast of Sakhalin, distinguished as a sub-region, boasts large lagoons. The West Sakhalin Mountains stretch along the western coast of the island. Their length is 630 km. They stretched almost to the extreme south of the island.

In the middle part of Sakhalin, the Tym-Poronai lowland is located, so named due to the Tym and Poronai rivers, along which it was formed. The Susunai lowland rests against the West Sakhalin Mountains. It is located in the south of the island and has a length of about 100 km from north to south.

The East of Sakhalin is framed by the East Sakhalin Mountains. This region includes the Nabilsky mountain range, which passes into the Central and then abruptly turns into the North Sakhalin lowland. The city of Korsakov is located on the Korsakov plateau. The plateau has a wavy surface, which is formed by small flat-topped ridges. The climate on Sakhalin is dominated by temperate monsoon.

Kamchatka: relief and features

The relief of the Far East (Kamchatka) is mainly composed of the two largest - East and Middle. Mountains occupy two thirds of the territory of the Kamchatka Territory. Seismic activity is highly developed in these places, frequent earthquakes occur. This is due to the fact that Kamchatka continues to rise. Some areas of land that were relatively recently under water have now risen and continue their upward movement.

The strongest earthquakes, the power of which reached 8 points, were registered in the eastern part of the peninsula. Towards the center, the strength of earthquakes decreases to 6 points, and the weakest shaking occurs on the west coast. There they are rated 5 points or less. Some volcanoes continue to operate in Kamchatka. One of them is called its height now 4750 meters. The largest number of volcanoes is concentrated in the Sredinny Ridge. Some of them collapsed due to constant eruptions. They were so strong that practically no traces of the ancient volcanoes remained. Their existence today can be known only by the characteristic breed. Kamchatka also abounds in ore deposits, placers of non-ferrous metals and fossil fuels. There are about 600 tons of gold reserves in the lands of this region.

Summing up

According to all the data, it can be judged that the relief of the Russian Far East is characterized by a large number of mountain ranges. Moreover, both high (in the center of the district) and small hills, which are closer to the extreme northern and southern points. Mountains contrast with deep swampy plains that stretch along rivers and lakes. But the climate, due to the large length of the district, is very different. Moderate monsoon in south to arctic in north. Also in the Far East, almost all activities for the extraction of diamonds and tin are concentrated.