The Russian language is still a very young being by linguistic standards. Only a thousand years have passed since it budded from the common tree of the East Slavic languages; only six hundred, how he separated himself from Ukrainian and Belarusian; only three hundred years of stable literary use.

Text: Tata Oleinik

And apart from MAXIM, dear reader, do you read any other entertaining literature? For example, federal law Russian Federation dated June 1, 2005 No. 53-FZ "On the state language of the Russian Federation"? It's so nice to open it on a rainy autumn day, sitting in front of the fireplace, and read something life-affirming! For example:

When using the Russian language as the state language of the Russian Federation, it is not allowed to use words and expressions that do not correspond to the norms of modern Russian literary language, with the exception of foreign words, which do not have commonly used analogues in Russian.

True, it doesn’t indicate what exactly should be done with the adversaries who dared to spoil our wonderful language with some kind of “all the department’s salesmen came to me on the byzdnik,” but, we believe, there are still plenty of lanterns convenient for hanging on the streets.

And the deputies, the creators of the law, explained why all this is necessary - to "form a careful attitude to the Russian language as state language Russian Federation, preserving its identity, wealth and purity. Gold words. There is only one small problem. Namely, when we are talking about language, then the concepts of "wealth" and "purity" are contradictory requirements. Not to mention "original".

Real original languages are found in nature. For example, one can recall the Negidal language or, say, the languages of some Amazonian tribes cut off from the world (for example, the Yagua). But the trouble is that usually in these languages there are only a few thousand words, and common ones - a few hundred in general (the greatest work that has been written in such a language consists mainly of the chorus "Whoa-ahh, what a big fish!").

All other languages are like gluttonous amoebas that grow non-stop, change and chop off pieces of flesh from each other, immediately embedding them in their body in the first suitable place, due to which they turn into fantastic constructions in terms of complexity, difficult to account for, control and language rules. These rules should follow them, only having time to write down all kinds of innovations with which their ward is overgrown.

How younger tongue, the more unpredictable and plastic it is. With age, the language loses its former flexibility of members: dictionaries nailed with pegs and created on its basis literary works, he no longer sits on the twine as easily as before. But since language is still a living being, it continues to change.

And now the English are reading Shakespeare with a dictionary, and Chaucer - in translation; the French do not understand a word of the Song of Roland, and the Germans raise their eyebrows in bewilderment at the sight of the Gothic script.

Those who are sad to realize these changes can be consoled by remembering Latin and ancient Greek. These languages will never change. You can dig into them with scalpels and tweezers, analyze them according to all the laws of science, create sets of rules and undeniable norms ... And everything will be fine, since these languages have long been dead. Not a single person in the world speaks them, and, therefore, nothing can damage their purity, wealth and originality.

As for the Russian language, attempts to hobble it and put it in order seem especially meaningful if you remember how young it is. Yes, what we consider the Russian language is still a very young creature by linguistic standards. Only a thousand years have passed since it budded from the common tree of the East Slavic languages; only six hundred, how he separated himself from his closest relatives - Ukrainian and Belarusian; only three hundred years of stable literary use.

And, like any healthy teenager, he has an excellent appetite - he greedily eats everything that comes to hand. If we look at the history of the Russian language, we see the menu of a non-stop big lunch.

Adventures of Yus small and Yus big

In general, the origin of languages is a vague and controversial subject. But it is traditionally believed that Russian, as one of the descendants of the Proto-Slavic language, comes from the so-called Indo-European proto-language, which seemed to be spoken by several million of our common ancestors with Indians, English and other Persians, who wandered back and forth across Eurasia and thought, with why would they start a culture and history.

In the Russian language, there are some signs of those ancient eras, and many scientists see them, for example, in the big and small ones.

These letters were once in both Glagolitic and Cyrillic, but have not been used in Russian for nine hundred years. Because we stopped pronouncing the sounds they stood for.

Yus big was pronounced something like "he" if you say it through your nose.

Yus is small - like "en", also in the gundos version.

Then the Russian citizens abandoned this gundezh and began to say “y” instead of “he”, and together “en” - “I” *.

But not everywhere. Somewhere this rule still remains. For example, we say "time", but "time"; “udder”, but “udder”; "flame", but "fiery". And we put deuces to schoolchildren who write "fiery", although from the point of view of logic they do exactly the right thing

And now we often do not notice that we use the most ancient words in our speech. Indo-European language that remain in other languages. But if you start sorting through our words with the letters “u” and “I”, substituting “he” and “en” in their place, then periodically it turns out that it takes your breath away.

And by the way, the word "I" used to be pronounced as "yon". That's right: our ancestors usually spoke about themselves and their interlocutors in the third person, and this tradition has partly survived to this day.

“Let the sergeant not deign to worry. Makarka will do everything, he is smart!”

Full agreement and disagreement

Businessmen who love to emphasize their own patriotism love to use ligature and “old” words on the labels of their products: “Golden Gates”, “Stolny Grad”, “Patterned Boards”. All this seems to them terribly ancient, primordial and truly Russian. And completely in vain. The Russian language, being for a long time one of the East Slavic dialects, just kicked out of all these "grads" and "plates" as best it could. They spoke in shortened forms of words, focusing on "a", just those citizens who did not recognize the Russian dialect, considering it the language of rural black people. Because the characteristic difference Old Russian language from Old Slavonic there was a full accord and a great love for the letter "o".

The Slavs said "gloom", our ancestors - "haze". “Not “dust”, but “gunpowder”; not "boat", but "boat"; not "enemy", but "enemy"; not "brada", but "beard". And for a very long time, the Russian language was not considered something decent among noble and educated people. The Church, for example, did not want to recognize it to the last and still uses not Russian, but Church Slavonic.

Well, we still have an underlying feeling that Slavism is something beautiful and solemn. “Cold” and “smooth” sound more pathos than “cold” and “hunger”, “temple” - holier than the “chorus” that smacks of philistinism. And in some cases, Slavism completely replaced the traditional Russian pronunciation. The modern reader, for example, will have to figure out for a long time who the “konunz” is - he will quickly remember the “king” than the “prince”. “Borot” has been firmly replaced in our language by “brother”, and at the word “Bologoe” in general, only swamps come to mind, without any good.

In a good way, if we are to save the Russian language from alien abominations, then we need to start precisely with Slavicisms as with the oldest residents on our territory.

A word about Igor's regiment

Some skeptics who tried to suggest that The Tale of Igor's Campaign was not the most important work of genius in Russian literature, but a forgery of the 19th century, had to fall silent after careful analysis showed that not a single fake could contain such a quantity inaccuracies, incomprehensibility and, it would seem, complete gibberish. Wise philologists struggled over the deciphering of the text repeatedly rewritten by careless scribes for two hundred years, but there were still a lot of dark places. Until Olzhas Suleimenov got down to business. In general, he is a wonderful scientist, but the most beautiful thing about Suleimenov turned out to be that he is a Kazakh and a specialist in Turkic dialects. Suleimenov proved that the greatest literary monument of Ancient Russia is half written in slang, from which modern deputies would fall from their leadership chairs in a deep swoon.

It translates something like this: “I missed twice on this inexperienced player, but then I still managed to land a very strong blow. I killed him and robbed his corpse

For example, the translators wept for a long time over the phrase about Prince Vseslav, who "from Kyiv to the chickens of Tmutorokan." Doriskashe - doskal, of course. Tmutorokan - this was such a city. But why the local chickens surrendered to Vseslav was a great mystery, until the Turkist Suleimenov pointed out that in Polovtsian “kury” meant “walls”.

On the other hand, the mysterious "bird of a lot", which in the text was supposed not to escape the judgment of God, turned out to be a Turkic "much" - a rooster.

The “skinny bodies” that showered Svyatoslav with pearls in his prophetic dream were translated for a long time as “skinny quivers”, although common sense suggested that the picture was somehow strange. But it was worth remembering that “tul” among the Turks means “widow”, and everything acquired an understandable form.

Or, say, the famous “wilds of Kisan”, which drove explorers crazy for a hundred years, who already managed to invent the city of Kisan in Russia and surround it with dense forests ... It’s a shame that until now among the Kazakhs “debir kisan” means “iron fetters ".

Of course, the misunderstanding of modern readers and scientists is caused only by those Turkic words and expressions that the Russian language did not digest and assimilate, but their number is very small compared to those that it successfully consumed. According to various estimates, from three to five percent of the words in the modern Russian dictionary are of Turkic origin, for example: pencil, head, shoe, book, iron, raisins, arshin, armyak, coachman ...

Who is there eager to fight for the purity of their native dialect? We take a saw, we cut.

Greek grammar

But if we are to take on cleanliness and order, then we need to start with the basics. How was the grammar of the Russian language created? Do you think that the people themselves first learned to speak Russian, and then began to write down after themselves and thus created the structure of our language? You're wrong. This is a long process, requiring thousands of years, and our young ethnic group did not have such opportunities, it was necessary to hurry. Therefore, from Greece to Russia, starting from the 10th century, Greek manuscripts were brought in tons, and highly learned craftsmen translated them here as best they could, preserving the entire grammatical structure of the original and not caring in the least about how their grooms, porters and maids actually spoke at that time. . "Book speech" according to the Greek standards for constructing phrases and phrases for a long time remained another feature of the upper classes, the common people practically did not understand it.

And at the same time Greek language naturally enriched us with a generous portion of his own words. Especially a lot of them turned out to be in the church lexicon. Lamp, monk, icon, oil, canon, patriarch and many hundreds of others are purely Greek words. It will be necessary not to forget to exterminate them during the next general cleaning.

German tracing paper

The Greeks, having lost Tsargrad and fallen under the Turks, ceased to be high-quality carriers of enlightenment, therefore, from the 17th century, the Germans, as well as the Dutch, occupied this sacred place in our Palestine. It got to the point that the very word "German" - "mute", that is, a foreigner who does not understand belmes in Russian - began to designate exactly worthy representatives of Deutschland, who not only fearlessly went to us themselves, but also regularly delivered to Russia fruits taken from their abundant printing presses. These fruits had to be translated, at least for the tsarist libraries, and the translators began to fall into their traditional melancholy, as they often ran into an insurmountable obstacle: there were simply no suitable words and concepts in the Russian language.

And if some “Halstuch” could still be translated like this - “a tie, that is, a neck wrap”, then it was clearly inappropriate to equip the texts with “arbeitslosigkaites” and “Selbstferstendigs”. Therefore, the translators came up with a tricky trick: they simply began to trace parts of German words and create similar mutants of a completely Great Russian look. We take, for example, the German word Vorstellung, whatever this rubbish means, and translate it in parts. The prefix "for" is "before". The root "shtell" is "set" in Russian. We chop off, it means, “stavl”. Well, we replace “ung” with a similar ending - “enie”. It turns out a "representation", and let the reader himself finish his mind what this means.

A huge number of words ending in “stvo”, “nost” and “enie” in Russian are just such tracing papers from similar German words. But if we didn’t let all this polysyllabic vague riff-raff to us, close the borders and boil the Russian-speaking thousands for five years in our own juice, then we would have acquired some completely normal Russian words for such concepts. If only they had survived, really.

French campaign

From the middle of the 18th century, the Germans began to slowly give up their positions to the French, and by the time of Napoleon's campaign, formed Russia was parlaying in French in chorus. First, it was the language international communication. Secondly, it was the language of the most advanced, scientifically and socially advanced society in the world. Thirdly, German uncles and bonnies hired a child for the first years of life, and from the age of seven a tutor or governess was taken for him. Only they could give the child a proper idea of good manners - can't the Baltic Germans trust the uncouth barchuks? (It was considered quite cool to invite Miss or Mister to a teenager of 14-15 years old, but the British were expensive and considered a scarce commodity.) For almost a hundred years, from the middle of the eighteenth to the middle of the nineteenth century, the Russian nobility spoke French much better than -Russian, and life was arranged in a French way. And having heard enough of the hosts, in the language of Molière and Racine, the servants began to chat somehow.

Now up to fifty percent of the names of items of clothing, home furniture, food, and in general the phenomena of urban life in our country are of French origin. Having taken plates from the chest of drawers, slicing a long loaf, having lunch with broth and cutlets with mashed potatoes, washing the whole thing down with compote, visiting the toilet, putting on shoes, taking out a coat from a chiffonier and tying a scarf, you leave the house, having practically not met during this time with any real Russian noun.

All allright, baby and other distributions

Why do words come into language? Because he has a place for them. Yes, now English has become the absolute language leader of the world, and it had all the prerequisites for this: English-speaking nations densely settled around the planet, dominated the colonies for a long time, gave the world a huge number of inventions and innovations. But this is not the only thing that makes other languages greedily suck in the pieces. English speech. In the absence of a real need, no fashion, no fad can force the people to use words they do not need. But, studying a foreign language "for business", we involuntarily begin to drag out from it those elements that help us enrich our speech, blossom it with the finest semantic nuances.

Agree, "loser" is not exactly the same as "loser", but "hi guys!" It's not "hey guys!"

Now many women call their men "boyfriends", and the similar "girlfriend" is practically not used. Because "my girlfriend" sounds normal and natural, while women had almost no suitable capacious definition of a man with whom she regularly dates. "Guy" gives the eighth grade, "young man" - grandmother's stories, "my man" - an erotic ladies' novel. So the “boyfriend” had somewhere to enter and settle down with all the amenities.

Epilogue. Goats can be found even in Sweden

In fact, protecting one's native language is just as useful as running along the shore and reminding the fish of the dangers of too long sea baths.

The tongue, fortunately, lives on its own, and attempts to cut it, enclose it with a fence and dry it in the bud are doomed to failure in advance. He takes what he wants; throws what he is tired of; he quickly forgets and remembers for a long time.

He can play with pleasure, for example, in the Podonkovian vocabulary or in the language of the hippies, but if he does not find use in this food, he will play enough of it and soon turn it into boring, old-fashioned nonsense. It will sound different in the mouth of a professor, a gopnik, a resident of Malakhovka or Brighton Beach, because he loves diversity: he needs it for development. You can be horrified, indignant or beg him to behave decently - he will not hear you.

Why are language protection laws now being adopted not only in Russia, but also in France, China, Scandinavia and many other countries that are concerned about the dominance of foreign words in their press, literature and culture? Because powerful intellects are born in different nations and peoples, naturally.

For the first time in its history, Japanese became the breadwinner of the Russian language. Until now, there have been practically no borrowings from Japanese in Russian, except for the word "cotton wool", which we bit at the end of the 18th century, and even then indirectly, through Europeans. All other Japaneseisms like "sensei", "sushi", "sakura", "kamikaze", "hara-kiri" or "origami" were purely Japanese phenomena. But with the rise in popularity of Japanese animated series anime and manga comics, Japanese words have been attacked. youth slang. Today, on forums whose regular audience has not exceeded an average of twenty years, you can come across the following terms.

Nyashka, nyashny, nya-nya-nya!!!
AT literal translation- "Oh, what a pussycat, meow-meow!". The Japanese believe that cats do not say “meow”, but “nya-nya”. The word "nyashka" is used mainly in girlish conversations, and means something that should be passionately touched. It could be a hamster, da Vinci's Mona Lisa, or a skinny boy with big eyes and a penis.

kawaii
"Beautiful, good, right." Example: "MAXIM is the most kawaii men's magazine."

Nek and neka "Neko" is Japanese for "cat". Also, "neks" are often referred to as manga characters: boys and girls with cat ears. In the common sense, “nek” is any small or cute male creature, “nek” is female. Example: "In this photo, we see the two main necks of the country in the kawaii hall of the cute Kremlin."

Hikki From the Japanese word "hikikomori", which can be translated as "sociopath". Hickeys are sullen, unpredictable creatures that hate other people. Example: "Hitler was a famous hickey."

Sugoi "Cool, cool!" There is also the adjective "sugoy". It implies the presence of a certain "suffered strength", "beauty of destruction" and other samurai. Often contrasted with the word "kawaii". Example: "If you hit a pole at 150, it's going to be cool, but never kawaii."

Extracurricular event in the Russian language

for grade 4

"Love and know the Russian language"

(in the form of a brain-ring game)

Prepared by Anna Poddubnaya

primary school teacher

Topic: extra-curricular activity in the form of a brain-ring game "Know and love the Russian language"

Relevance This event is determined by the need to form in schoolchildren ethical values associated with the homeland, people, spiritual culture, of which language is a part.

In the TV game format, children can show their knowledge of their native language, increase self-esteem, learn new information, and fill in the gaps.

In extracurricular work, the principle becomes more relevant individual approach to students, since there are incomparably more than in the classroom, conditions for the development of individual inclinations, interests, inclinations of students.

Goals:

Develop interest in the Russian language;
- to instill love for the great Russian language;
- improve the general language culture.

Tasks:

To expand, deepen and supplement the language knowledge, skills and abilities acquired by students in the Russian language lessons;
- to teach students to work independently, make decisions;

Form creative activity;
- to identify linguistically gifted students, as well as to educate underachieving students in their own strength, in the ability to overcome the backlog in the Russian language.

The target audience:4th grade students.

The necessary conditions:task cards for teams, blank sheets for solutions, pens, scoreboard, ball, objects for sounding, musical works (for awarding), diplomas.

Stages:

1. Organizational moment.

2. Introductory speech of the teacher. Explanation of the rules of the game.

3.Conducting competitive tasks.

4. Dynamic pause.

5.Continuation of competitions.

6. The result of the game.

7. Rewarding.

Methods: verbal, visual, practical.

Equipment: computer screen.

Active forms of education:extra-curricular activities are held in the form of the game "Brain Ring".

Event progress

1. Organizing time.

Guys, we have already learned a lot about our native language, learned a large number of rules, we know Russian proverbs and sayings, vocabulary words, we can invent small poems and stories ourselves. And today we will compete with each other in teams and determine the best team - experts in the Russian language. We will have a cool brain-ring.

The class is divided into three teams. Each team sits at their own table. The captain is chosen in the teams, the team members themselves come up with the name of the team.

The teacher explains the rules of the game: for each correct and quick answer, the team gets 15 points. After completing the task, you must quickly give a sound signal. The team that answered second gets 10 points, the third team gets 5 points. The points received by the teams will be recorded on the scoreboard (on the board). At the end of the game, the winner is determined.

Student: The brain-ring game is serious,

But we know a lot

And knowledge of Russian,

Skillfully applied.

2. Competition "Determine the location of the point."

Guys, you and I know that the meaning and meaning of this sentence depends on the location of the dot in the sentence. Now we will prove it.

Each team receives a card with a poem by K. Chukovsky. Task: divide it into sentences, put dots where necessary:

In the river there is a fish on a hillock

Mooing a cow in a kennel

Dog barking on the fence

Titmouse sings in the corridor

Children play on the wall

Hanging a picture on the window

Patterns of frost in the stove

Firewood is burning in the hands of a girl

There is a smart doll in a cage

Manual goldfinch sings napkins

There are skates on the table

Goggles are being prepared for winter

Lying notebooks for grandmother

Always keep in order.

As soon as one team completes the task and gives a signal, other teams stop working and hand over the sheets. One point is deducted for each mistake.

3. Competition " Complete the proverb".

One player from each team participates in this competition. If the player answers the question on his own, then he earns 10 points, if the team helps the player, then he gets 5 points. The assignment is done orally. Proverbs are displayed on the screen.

1. Proverbs for the first team:

Without difficulty ... (you can’t even pull a fish out of the pond).

Live and learn).

There is no friend - ... (seek, but found - take care).

2. Proverbs for the second team:

A friend in need is a friend indeed).

For two hares ... (chase, you won’t catch a single one).

Hurry up ... (make people laugh).

3. Proverbs for the third team:

Seven ... (one is not expected).

The bird is red with a feather, and ... (man with the mind).

Do not count your chickens before they are hatched).

The results of the competition are recorded on the scoreboard.

4. Competition " Guess the word by its parts".

Each team is given a card with the task: solve the charade, write down the word and disassemble it in parts (by composition).

1 team:

My root is from the word TALE,

Suffix, as in the word CARRIER,

Prefix in the word EXPENSE,

Ending in the word HOUSE.

(Answer - NARRATOR)

2 team:

The root in the word KNIT,

prefix in the word shut up,

Suffix in the word TALE,

Ending in the word FISH.

(Answer - START)

3 team:

Root in the word SNOWFLAKE,

The prefix in the word DRIVED,

Suffix in the word FORESTER,

Ending in the word TABLE.

(Answer - SNOWPLANT).

The first team to complete the task gets 15 points, the second team gets 10 points, and the third team gets 5 points.

These points are entered on the scoreboard.

5. Captains competition.

Task: to reveal the meaning of expressions that are called winged or phraseological units. If the captain copes on his own, he gets 10 points, if the team helps - 5 points. Tasks are displayed on the screen.

1. For the captain of the first team:

A) at hand

B) in full spirit;

B) to fool the head;

D) get underfoot;

2. For the captain of the second team:

A) bite your tongue

B) lead by the nose;

B) take over

D) not in the tooth with a foot;

3. For the captain of the third team:

A) skip past the ears;

B) like snow on the head;

B) fall down

D) bare teeth

The results of the captains' competition are recorded on the scoreboard.

Game "Finish the word" (dynamic pause)

The children stand in a circle, the teacher explains:

We will throw the ball to each other. The first one throws the ball and says a syllable, for example, beech- The second participant, to whom the ball will fly, must name the second syllable, for example,-va and throw the ball to the next one. The third calls the word, a new syllable and throws the ball further. Further in a circle.

6. Competition "Collect the line".

To get a line from a poem you know, carefully write down the second letter of each word.

Skill, rubbish, roof, house, pattern, leaf, mustache, nose, treasure, hoarfrost, stage, children, boa constrictor, village, cabin boy, blizzard, glasses, jacket, clothes, stump, donkey, angel, skiing, Aibolit.(Frost and sun, wonderful day!)

7. Competition "Collect the word"

It is necessary to connect the words of the right and left columns so that new words are obtained.

hay gadfly

bank mouth

hedgehog hall

light voice

Yar shaft

Who glasses

gas tree

Bor yar

Mushroom stamp

Chorus he

The results of the competition are recorded on the scoreboard.

eight . Summary of the game.

Points are counted, the winning team is determined. The awards ceremony is held (to the music), diplomas are awarded to the winners and participants of the game.

See below for an example of an Expert Diploma.

For everyone who wants to be successful

in learning a language, you need to learn

discover its secrets

M. Lomonosov

Expert Diploma

is awarded

student (tse) ... ... class

………………………………………………………………………

for good knowledge

Russian language

We are proud of you!

At the Unified State Examination in the Russian language, sometimes even excellent students perform correctly (on average) only 80% assignments. The main problem is that the study Russian language school curriculum and preparation to the exam in the Russian language is "Two Big Differences".
Every year, when preparing for the Unified State Examination in the Russian language, graduates have the same problems:

The gulf between knowledge rules and skill apply them to the exam in the Russian language;
Lack of testing skills.
Erroneous understanding wording of questions to USE assignments;
Technical errors when filling out the exam forms;
Not used statistics USE results In Russian. Common Mistakes are repeated from year to year, and graduates step on the same rake;
Misallocation of time to complete tasks;
The essay is being written without criteria his checks.
All these problems have a solution.

Any option USE in Russian consists of 3 parts:
Part "A". Each task is accompanied by FOUR possible answers, of which only ONE is correct, and the rest are plausible, but incorrect.
Part "B". A short answer is formulated independently and recorded in the answer sheet in words or numbers in 17 cells, while:

each character (letter or number) is written in SEPARATE cell;
character outline MUST MATCH THE SAMPLES;
verbose response is recorded ONE such a mother = such a mother ;
the words when transferring and numbers SEPARATED BY A COMMA, comma is written to SEPARATE cell;
answer should be entered FROM THE FIRST cells.

Seriously. Failure to comply will result in fatal errors and, as a result, to a significant decrease in the test score.
Part "C"- task with a detailed answer. Runs on source code and verified by experts. When performing on the exam in the Russian language part "C" assignments:

it is not required to create a literary masterpiece, as well as to conduct a detailed linguistic analysis of the source text;
the recommended amount of written work is at least 150 words;
75 words or less is ZERO points;
more than 250 words will spoil the mood of the expert, and he will not remain in debt.

Recipe for success when performing on the Unified State Examination in the Russian language part "C" - compliance all formal criteria, which are guided by experts when grading.
Here they are, these criteria (the first four are the main part of the plan of your essay-reasoning):

Statement of source text problems
Commentary on the formulated problem of the original text
Reflection of the position of the author of the original text
Argumentation by the examinees of their own opinion on the problem
Semantic integrity, speech coherence and sequence of presentation
Accuracy and expressiveness of speech
Compliance with spelling rules
Compliance with punctuation rules
Language Compliance
Compliance with speech norms
Ethical Compliance
Maintain factual accuracy in background material

In more detail, each criterion is described and broken down in any collection of exercises for the exam.
"Unified State Examination. Primary and test scores»
Forget high school grades. Our task is to earn on USE in Russian MAXIMUM test score on a 100-point scale. It is THIS test score that will be taken into account by the admission committees of universities.

EACH correct answer in tasks "A" and "B" (except B8) is worth ONE primary point.
Task B8 - up to 4 points;
Primary scores for an essay are set by experts.
The maximum number of primary points for all parts of the test is 64;
results ALL USE participants undergo statistical processing at the Testing Center (scaling) and are converted into TEST SCORE;
"64" primary points DEFINITELY correspond "100" test scores.
And finally morea few tips:
- No matter how you scold the upcoming exam form, it exists, so you need to prepare for it. A large part of the preparation falls on the shoulders of the graduates themselves - this is how the measure of responsibility for their own future is tested. Use any minutes of your free time to independently solve the USE options, check the answers, approach the teacher with any questions and analyze the task!
- Get a notebook where you will record your personal difficulties in level A and B. And for level C, it will contain your own “argument box”, which you will replenish using materials from courses in literature, history, social studies and all other subjects. Don't forget that knowledge contemporary problems public life, options for their solution and the opinions of publicists - a very good argument for your essay! Expand your horizons! Read books - it says it all!
- Determine the optimal time for completing tasks! Remember that ideally, parts A and B should not take you more than 1 hour out of 3.
- Use a variety of sources and network resources to prepare for the exam. In many of them, you can solve tasks online and get your results.

Here are some of the sites that can help you:
www.ctege.org

EXTRA-CLASS RUSSIAN LESSON IN THE 6th CLASS.

TOPIC: What do we know about dictionaries?

OBJECTIVES: 1. Repeat and consolidate students' knowledge of vocabulary

(about the lexical meaning of the word, synonyms, originally

Russian and foreign words)

2. Improve your vocabulary skills.

3. Cultivate interest in the book, by the way.

H O D A N I T I A:

I . Org. moment

II .Conversation and contests .

Today's lesson is about dictionaries. Let's start by splitting into 2 teams.

1 COMPETITION

Within 2 minutes, you must write down words that begin with the letter P. Words must be nouns in the singular, in the nominative case. The one who wrote down the most words wins.

The name of everything that is in the universe fit into the dictionaries. The French writer Anatole France famously said this: “A dictionary is the whole universe in alphabetical order.”

(written on the poster)

2 COMPETITION

I will read short stories, and you should guess from them the words of which dictionary are used in them, and what words helped you guess about it.

« There was neither light nor dawn, with the first roosters. Morning gymnastics made me sweat, and I rushed to the river in full sail. The cold water gave me goosebumps, but with grief I washed my face in half and went to the kitchen. Fragrant smells created a wolfish appetite, and my mouth watered.

(phraseological)

“At 6 o’clock my favorite sports program started. I listen to Sergey Cheskidov's commentary. In his speech now and then the words flash: slalom, biathlon, freestyle. And what do they mean? I had to call on all my erudition to help me explain:

slalom - this is a high-speed descent from the mountains along a winding path marked by a control gate;

biathlon - winter sports biathlon - cross-country skiing with stops for shooting;

freestyle - ski jumping with the performance of acrobatic figures.

(explanatory)

“Mom offered me meatballs, meatballs, vinaigrette, tea, cocoa. But I ate a sandwich, a cake, a cup of coffee with sugar.”

(foreign words)

“Yes, you won’t say anything, intricate words. Well, it’s time to get to work: think, rack your brains, reflect, think, work your head, move your brains ... "

(synonyms)

3 COMPETITION

The third competition is a drawing competition.

You must design and draw covers for any of the dictionaries. And the other team must guess for which dictionary.

4 COMPETITION

Replace phrases with one word:

Nr: Big brother got document certifying his authority as a deputy. (Mandate)

Solemn review athletes on Red Square. (Parade)

Built in our area target shooting room . (Tyr)

Using phraseological units, answer the question: how do they talk about ...

meek, harmless person (won't hurt a fly);

a feeling of great embarrassment, shame? (ready to fall through the ground);

a person who came at the wrong time (brought a difficult one);

about who does not work well (sleeve);

Name the phraseological units that include the names of parts of the human body:

HEAD - a man with a head, fooling his head, turning his head, losing his head, not demolishing his head, from a sick head to a healthy one.

Extra-curricular event in the Russian language in the 7th grade.

"Love and know the Russian language"

(cognitive game for 7th grade students

In Russian).

Compiled by: Sagalakova V.A. and Kolchikov G.G.

Purpose: in a playful way to instill in students an interest in learning the Russian language, to form in them a desire to study the language on their own.

Involve as many students as possible in the preparation and holding of the tournament.

To implement the task of an integrated approach to the education of schoolchildren.

Develop interest in in-depth study Russian language.

Organize active recreation for schoolchildren by means of a subject.

Event progress:

Introduction by the teacher. Greetings to all participants of today's tournament! Today we will find out who is the strongest team among the 7th graders, we will also try to prove with the guys that the subject of the Russian language is not just boring and sometimes difficult to write, but very useful in our human communication with you. As expected, in any competitive game, you need to choose a jury (the jury is selected from teachers who came to open event(3 persons)). The jury is ready to evaluate the game, and we immediately proceed to it.

1. Greeting teams. This was the team's homework. In this competition, the guys must submit their part of the speech. The condition for the team was to prove the importance of their part of speech. We evaluate on a 5 scale.

2. Warm up: Questions are asked to each team in turn. A point for each correct answer. I immediately draw the attention of the participants of the tournament, the questions are joking. Joking questions:

1. How to write the word "mousetrap" with five letters?
(cat)

2. When a horse is bought, what is it like?
(wet)

3. A person has one, a crow has two, a bear has none. What's this?
(letter "o")

4. A flock of birds flew to the grove. They sat down two by two on a tree - one remained; sat down one at a time - one did not get. How many trees are there in a grove, and how many birds are in a flock?
(three trees, four birds)

5. A woman went to Moscow, three old men met her, each old man had a sack, and in each sack a cat. How many went to Moscow?
(one woman)

6. There are four hollows on four birches, four branches on each hollow, four apples on each branch. How many apples are there?
(apples do not grow on a birch)

7. Forty wolves ran, how many necks and tails do they have?
(Tails do not grow near the neck)

8. What fabric cannot be used to sew shirts?
(From the railway)

9. When are hands pronouns?
(You-we-you)

10. Which car wheel does not rotate while driving?
(Spare)

11. What mathematicians, drummers and even hunters cannot do without?
(No fraction)

12. What belongs to you, but others use it more than you?
(Name)

3.Competition connoisseurs of stress

Each team is given one card, the participants put the stress (correctly placed stress - 1 point).

1. Zavidno Kvartal

2. Ringing Blinds

3. Glimpse Scoop

4. Sorrel Pamper

6.Kitchen Prettier

7. Cooking Scam

At this time, we will play a game with the audience. Questions - riddles:

Grumbled a living castle,

Lie across the door. (Dog)

Lives in water

There is no beak, but it pecks. (Fish)

Crying in the swamp

But it does not come from the swamp. (Sandpiper)

In the summer he goes to the plowman,

And in the winter he leaves with a cry. (Rook)

All day in the water

And not satiated with water. (Duck)

She lives between stones

Head with four legs. (Scull aha)

4. Contest of experts in sayings and proverbs. Participants are given time for 3 minutes to remember proverbs and sayings, the team that calls them more wins.

5. Competition "What a beginning, such an end"

In 3 minutes, write as many words as possible from letters that begin and end with the same letter. For example, the letter T: cake.

6. Competition "Who is faster, who is more?".From the given word, make as many words as possible using the given letters.

Folder

7. Creative task. Write a short essay "Letter to Santa Claus." Time 5 minutes. We evaluate on a 5 scale.

8. Contest of tongue twisters.

2 people from each team. Everyone gets one tongue twister . You need to say it quickly 3 times. Whoever stumbles is out of the game. The team whose representative remains wins.

1 team:

I'll tell you about the purchase, about cereals and about bribery.

2 team:

Three lumberjacks are chopping wood in three yards.

3 team:

Two woodcutters, two woodcutters, two woodcutters.

4 team:

The cap is not sewn in a cap style, it is necessary to recap the cap.

9. The next contest, who will quickly and correctly decline the number: 55, 65, 75, 85

10. Competition"Editor". Tasks on the cards are individual for each team.

Read the text. Edit: correct speech errors, spelling; put the correct punctuation marks.

Rewrite the text in normal language, inserting punctuation marks.

Lifetigraph.

Once a tiger gave birth to cubs and left to get prey and ordered the children not to be a fighter, because if you are a fighter, they will sit you down, be careful and the tigress began to bite the bead to scratch the other friend.