– Mom, where did the sun hide?
- Son, mom is busy now, don't interfere.

The process of changing day and night in babies raises many questions, like all other natural phenomena. This is indicative of the normal development of the child..

The correct response of parents is crucial for the full development of the baby and for establishing a trusting relationship.

• Do not load information and terminology.
• Do not lie (something like: “the sun was offended by you because you behaved badly”).
• Answer all questions asked by the child;
• Reinforce the verbal form with a visual and / or associative one (children understand and remember what they see more easily than what they hear).

In the article we will tell you how easy it is to teach your son or daughter to recognize the change of day and night.

At what age to explain and why

If the child asked: "Where did the sun go?", - parents should explain in an accessible way so that the child does not have any questions. At the same time, do not overload with information.

Sample response phrases

"The sun went to sleep";
"The sun must be replaced by the moon";
“The sun hid behind the clouds” are suitable for explaining to children under 2 - 2.5 years old, since it will be difficult for a child to learn the material even in a playful way.

In older children, such answers cause a flurry of additional questions. Parents, continuing explanations in a playful way, can only confuse the child.

According to statistics, at the age of 3-4 years, children ask about 900 questions a day.

Starting from the age of 3, if the child does not ask about it, you can ask yourself how he thinks why day follows night. Hear the answer without interrupting, criticizing or ridiculing. Then gently propose to look into this issue together.

Why do day and night change

solar system represented by the central star - the Sun, around which 9 planets revolve:

Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune and Pluto.

The Earth is the third from the Sun after Mercury and Venus. Due to the favorable location of our planet, life exists on it. Therefore, we are not as hot as, for example, on Venus, where the temperature is 460 degrees Celsius and not as cold as on Mars (-125 degrees).

The sun illuminates the planet in turn - first one, then the second half. As a result, night turns into day. This process is continuous and occurs due to the fact that the Earth rotates around its axis.

The earth's axis is an imaginary straight line around which the planet rotates in one day. The earth's axis passes through its center.

A complete rotation of the Earth by 360 degrees around its axis takes 23 hours 56 minutes 4 seconds - this is one day.

You can start talking about the solar system from the age of 3, always with the addition of pictures or videos. So the child will be able to compare the planets and the Sun with each other. Also, to consolidate the acquired knowledge.

When explaining earth's axis, for clarity, you can take an apple and pass a pencil or any long stick from the tail to its opposite part.

Pencil is the axis of the earth, and Apple- Earth.

Just like spinning an apple around a pencil, our planet spins on its own axis.

How to explain using the example of an orange

This method is suitable for preschool children.

You will need:


- orange;
- a long stick.

It is advisable to conduct this lesson in the evening, so the child will be more interesting.

1. We pierce the orange with a long stick - this will Earth, which rotates around its own axis. On an orange, you can draw a little man and say that there is a baby here.
2. On the contrary, we install a candle on a stand - this is Sun.
3. We begin to gently rotate the "Earth" around its axis. Along the way, we explain that where the Sun is shining, it is now day, and on the other side it is night, tomorrow it will be different.

You can let them touch the “warm side” of an orange and explain that the Sun warms the Earth in the same way.

Globe example

We take a globe (or an ordinary ball), on the contrary, turn on a table lamp (temporarily, a table lamp is the Sun that illuminates the globe - the Earth).

Slowly scroll the globe or ball, pointing to the dark and light sides of the globe.

Ask the child to point with his finger on which side of the "globe - Earth" it is day and what night.

How to teach at an early age

It is desirable to increase the information load, for example, to explain what a day is and why we need the Sun.

What is a day?

• The day is made up of day and night.
• There are 24 hours in a day, during which time the Earth makes one full turn around its axis.

This can be explained with the help of a globe with a table lamp turned on in front of it.

The change of day and night is something that has been instituted once and for all not only in ordinary life, but also in a fairy tale. Although, in fairy tales, this also happens - something breaks in the celestial mechanism and everything goes topsy-turvy. How long? Until a certain sorcerer appears, a master of magical affairs, who will fix everything.

Fairy tale "How the night changed day"

In the heavenly Wonderland, everything went on as usual. The sun sent golden rays to the earth. Before appearing in the sky, it looked at its sundial and knew exactly when to start shining and when to stop. As soon as the Sun went to bed, the Moon illuminated the earth. The stars helped the moon. They tried their best to shine so that it would not be completely dark. The time when the sun was shining was called "day", and when the moon and stars were called "night".

But then one day the sundial broke. Day and night got mixed up, and such confusion began! No one knew exactly when the dawn would be and when the sunset would be. Many began to sleep restlessly at night, because no one really knew when to get up. The animals wandered about as if they were lost. And the flowers forgot to open their buds.

Something urgently needed to be done. The old master Month volunteered to fix the sundial. He knew for sure that there should be a regular change of day and night. And the clock needs to be adjusted so that at a certain moment the Sun gives way to the Moon.

Calling on magical powers to help, Master Month repaired the sundial. They began to walk like new. The sun was very happy to see his expensive watch.

Now the day will never be lost, and the night will follow immediately after the day. Joy has returned to the people. They liked both the Sun and the Moon. Animals began to live their former lives. And the flowers opened their magnificent buds during the day, and tightly closed them at night. Let the buds rest to bloom again in the morning.

Questions and tasks for the fairy tale "How night changed day"

Imagine that you are on a miracle rocket and got into Wonderland. What would be the first thing that surprised you?

Who would you befriend in Wonderland?

Come up with a fairy tale about what will happen if the Sun and the Stars meet.

Outline of the lesson on the world around in accordance with the requirements of GEF Grade 2

1. Organization of children for work:
We continue to explore the world around us.
Today we will talk about an amazing phenomenon on our planet that you observe every day. More precisely, at the beginning of the day and at its end.
We will observe these phenomena on all planets of the solar system and even on the Moon.
DON'T KNOW
Our friend Dunno depicted this phenomenon in two drawings:

Since in the lesson we will talk about many objects of nature and objects around us, we must REMEMBER with you! very important rules and laws of their life.
!Check of knowledge. Table "Solar system"

Now I will find out if you know the names of all these bodies and objects.

Task from Lena and Misha:
Lena and Misha, who are fond of astronomy, sent me an envelope with the task by mail:
- With the help of what device does Lena study the bodies of the solar system? (telescope)

How are they similar? (illuminate the Earth)
- What light does the moon shine with? (reflected sunlight)
- What is the Sun? (a star that glows and illuminates the planets)
- What is the Moon? (It is a natural satellite of the Earth)
- Guys, tell me what I will list for you now: Ursa Major, Ursa Minor, Cancer, Cygnus ??? (these are constellations)

THE GLOBE

Picture 1 from the presentation "Change of day and night" to the lessons of astronomy on the topic "Earth"

Dimensions: 960 x 720 pixels, format: jpg. To download a picture for an astronomy lesson for free, right-click on the image and click "Save Image As...". To show pictures in the lesson, you can also download the full presentation "Change of day and night.ppt" with all the pictures in a zip archive for free. Archive size - 192 KB.

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Earth

"The shape and dimensions of the Earth" - Degree network and its elements. Associated with the rotation of the earth is a natural unit of time. The change of day and night creates a daily rhythm of animate and inanimate nature. There are four types of distortions on the maps. The axis of rotation of the Earth is inclined to the plane of the orbit at an angle of 66.5°. Parallel 66.5° N sh. is the border.

"Earth is our cosmic home" - Mantle. Aircraft Montgolfier brothers. Meeting point. Air shell of the Earth. Planet Earth. Human habitat. The earth is the habitat of man. Cruiser "Varyag". The mechanism of life. part of the earth's population. Saratov Industrial College. Ant - 25. Man complements nature. Earth.

"Earth, Sun, Moon" - Earth and Moon. Plan. Movement of the Earth around the Sun. Periods of the Moon's revolution. Covering the Moon with Earth. Coverings of the luminaries by the Moon. Due to the remoteness of the Sun, its rays fall almost parallel. Apparent movement and phases of the moon. Orbit of the Moon and its perturbations. Eclipse conditions.

"Hypotheses about the origin of the Earth" - Torn out jet. Buffon's hypothesis. Infinite creative mind. Divine Origin of the Earth. Modern ideas. Travel. Nebula. Calculations. Ancient times. Theory of Immanuel Kant. The theory of Georges Buffon. The science. Space and matter. Good luck with your discoveries. The theory of Otto Yulievich Schmidt.

"Earth is a planet in the solar system" - Buffon's catastrophic hypothesis. Kepler's laws. Information about the regularities of the structure. Sun. Planet Earth. Star analogues. Polar Lights. Jeans hypothesis. The structure of the sun. Prominence. The solar system consists of a central star. Newton's law. Hypotheses of the origin of the universe. Laplace's nebular hypothesis.

In the morning the plants bloom, in the evening the buds close. Evening - sunset in the west of the sky and gradually fading colors of the sunset. Different time days and looks and is perceived differently. The earth rotates on its axis in 24 hours. Every minute out of 60 seconds. A day is exactly 24 hours long. Conventionally, the time of day is divided into several parts:

Total in the topic 22 presentations

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Attention! The slide preview is for informational purposes only and may not represent the full extent of the presentation. If you are interested this work please download the full version.

Lesson type: a lesson in studying new and primary consolidation of new knowledge

Lesson Objectives:

The 1st line of development is acquaintance with a holistic picture of the world.

• Explain to the children the connection between the change of day and night and the rotation of the Earth around its axis, and also help them understand the sequence of events during the day.

The 2nd line of development is the formation of an evaluative attitude towards the world.

• Learn to evaluate your time (the ability to make a regimen and follow it).

Lesson objectives:

Educational:

• To acquaint with the rotation of the Earth around its axis, as the reason for the change of day and night. To update knowledge about natural phenomena.

Developing:

• To promote the development of basic thinking operations (comparison, generalization, the ability to draw conclusions based on the information received).
• Develop the ability to analyze and find solutions to the problem raised.
• Form the main components of UUD (the ability to set a learning task, generalize, draw conclusions)

Educational:

• Contribute to the knowledge of the world.
• Build introspection skills.

Minimum: by the end of the second grade, students should know that the change of day and night is associated with the rotation of the Earth around its axis, distinguish between morning, afternoon, evening and night.

Minimax: by the end of the lesson, the student can learn about changes in nature at different times of the day, learn how to demonstrate the rotation of the Earth around its axis.

Maximum: students can get an idea of ​​what would happen on the Earth if it did not rotate around its own axis, an idea of ​​time zones and the length of the day in different latitudes.

Technologies: informational, developing, problematic (selection of the optimal learning model for given specific conditions).

Methods: verbal, visual, activity, practical (students perform practical actions)

Equipment:

• textbook grade 2 / A.A. Vakhrushev, O.V. Bursky, A.S. Rautin / + notebook
• the globe,
• 4 flags on double-sided tape.

During the classes

Various ancient peoples, be it the Egyptians, Greeks or Romans, tried to explain all the phenomena occurring around them, so a fabulous explanation of the change of day and night has come down to our times. Legends of different nationalities are generally similar.

Change of day and night: a fabulous explanation

With the words "the sun has risen" or "the sun has set" we begin or end another day in life. Our ancestors endowed sunrises and sunsets with great power. These phenomena had a sacred meaning for our ancestors.

Indeed, during sunsets and dawns, various rituals and ceremonies, both church and magical, were performed. From here a fabulous explanation of the change of day and night “grew up”. Each user has a sunset or sunrise photo social networks. Today modern man he does not understand these phenomena and does not know the sacred meaning.

ancient greek myth

The ancient Greeks have a fabulous explanation for the change of day and night. The titan Hyperion had three children: Selena, Eos and Helios. Shining with a cold light, Selene was the goddess of the moon. On her head was a sickle-moon. On the night road she rides in a chariot drawn by bulls. Selena leaves this road when her child stars fade and the marble columns turn pink.

Eos - the goddess of the morning dawn, announces the dawn of a new day. Following Eos, their brother Helios rushes from the east in a shining golden chariot. The Greeks revered him no less than the powerful and supreme Zeus. The rays of Helios penetrated into the most distant and dark corners through black clouds. Their warm light awakened all life. Thanks to the rays, trees and fruits grew. Helios is the storm of all criminals. The rays of this god blind them. Even the gods cannot hide from such rays.

Helios knows everything about the divine "affairs". It was he who suggested to Demeter that her daughter Persephone was kidnapped by Hades into his gloomy realm of shadows. But noon comes when Helios reaches the west. By evening, the horses of Helios and he himself get tired and blush. God goes to his palace for rest, where the divine retinue also rests, and Selena's chariot leaves for the road ... Such is the Greek change of day and night. Their fabulous explanation is similar to the Slavic myth.

Slavic vision of day and night

The ideas about the world among the ancient pagan Slavs were very complex and confusing. The sun and sunlight were different concepts for them. For each season, the Slavs had a separate "sun" - Yarilo, Kupailo, Svetovit and Kolyada. They called the sun itself Horos. By the way, this word meant "circle". This is where the word round dance comes from.

Like the Greeks, the Slavic fairytale explanation of the change of day and night is simple - Dazhdbog (the sun - the giving god) rode a golden chariot across the daytime sky, harnessed by fiery winged horses. Morning and evening dawns were considered sisters. Moreover, the dawn was the wife of the sun. The Slavs celebrated their wedding. Like the Greeks, the Sun is an all-seeing eye that watched everything and everyone. Because the criminals operate at night to this day.

Ancient Indian idea of ​​the emergence of a new day

A distinctive Indian legend about the change of day and night. The fabulous explanation says that there was no night. She appeared thanks to one tragic incident. There was a brother Yama and a sister Yami. The brother died, and the lonely sister had no choice but to endlessly mourn the unfortunate brother. To all requests and exhortations to calm down and stop shedding tears, Yami only exclaimed: “But he died today!” The gods saw the truth: in order for the girl to calm down, a night is needed, only in this way will a new day come. They made the night. Morning came, Yami forgot about grief. And the Indians began to say "the sequence of day and night."

Conclusion

For many years our ancestors believed in these myths and legends about the creation of day and night, right up to the Middle Ages. Religion and mystical ideas were replaced by science. Nicolaus Copernicus 500 years ago wrote a book about how our planet rotates on its axis, orbiting around the star Sun. So, according to Copernicus, there was a change of day and night.

The fairytale explanation was destroyed. And the scientist's book was banned by the Pope, as it contradicted the Christian religion. Copernicus became famous as the creator The name of this system comes from the name of the sun god Helios, so, according to the theory of Copernicus, the Sun is located in the center of the Universe. The Polish astronomer died of a stroke on May 24, 1543, at the age of 73.

Outline of the lesson on the world around in accordance with the requirements of GEF Grade 2

1. Organization of children for work:
We continue to explore the world around us.
Today we will talk about an amazing phenomenon on our planet that you observe every day. More precisely, at the beginning of the day and at its end.
We will observe these phenomena on all planets of the solar system and even on the Moon.
DON'T KNOW
Our friend Dunno depicted this phenomenon in two drawings:

Since in the lesson we will talk about many objects of nature and objects around us, we must REMEMBER with you! very important rules and laws of their life.
!Check of knowledge. Table "Solar system"

Now I will find out if you know the names of all these bodies and objects.

Task from Lena and Misha:
Lena and Misha, who are fond of astronomy, sent me an envelope with the task by mail:
- With the help of what device does Lena study the bodies of the solar system? (telescope)

TRAIN

How are they similar? (illuminate the Earth)
- What light does the moon shine with? (reflected sunlight)
- What is the Sun? (a star that glows and illuminates the planets)
- What is the Moon? (It is a natural satellite of the Earth)
- Guys, tell me what I will list for you now: Ursa Major, Ursa Minor, Cancer, Cygnus ??? (these are constellations)

THE GLOBE

Mankind has long puzzled over how the day and night change. It is hard to believe, but a few centuries ago, no one living on earth could imagine exactly how this complex process works. So, in times of uncertainty, people simply figured out how the sun hides, depriving everyone and everything around of its cozy light, and from where a lonely moon comes out in its place. Today we will try to talk about the most interesting fairy tale explanations for the change of day and night, many of which are really hard to believe.

Hindu interpretation

The legend of the worshipers of the god Krishna says that from the very beginning there was always a bright day on earth and there was never darkness. The very first inhabitants on the planet were Yami and Yama, a brother and sister who loved each other very much. One day, Yami died and his sister was inconsolable. She wept continuously until Krishna took pity on her and created the night. God did this not by chance, but so that during oblivion, that is, sleep, Yama would let go of her grief and gradually come to her senses. By the way, in India they still remember this legend and tell it to their children to explain the natural phenomenon of the change of day and night in a fabulous form.

Interpretation of American Apaches

The ancient Indians of the Mayan tribe, distinguished by their clairvoyance and ability to predict the future, were sure that the sun swallowed some huge creature living beyond the mountains during the night. With the onset of early morning, this monster spits it out, and the world is again filled with light and warmth. By the way, this fabulous explanation of the change of night and day is very reminiscent of the story of the luminary, which was swallowed by the famous crocodile Korney Chukovsky.

Egyptian theory

The ancient Egyptians were considered one of the most developed civilizations on the planet, otherwise how to explain their truly divine buildings? So they, being pagans, believed that the wise Ra descends into the darkness at night and wins the right to a new day there every time. At the same time, he fights to the death with sinister monsters and monsters with his terrible sword.

Another fabulous explanation of the change of day and night refutes the presence of two luminaries in the system of the universe. It implies that only the sun lives in the sky, which during the daytime rides around the planet on white horses, and at night harnesses black horses to its triple. By the way, in many children's fairy tales of the world, a similar allegory is used.

Russian truth

In Russia, they adhered to the theory regarding family ties. No matter how strange it may sound, but our ancestors reduced the fabulous explanation of the change of day and night to family relationships between brother and sister, who were in a centuries-old quarrel with each other. They thought that the sister is the day and the personification of life, and the brother was considered the night and the product of death. None of them wanted to meet, so seeing from a distance the outlines of a relative, the other immediately hurried to leave. In Russian folk tales and riddles, this fact is confirmed.

Perhaps these are all the most interesting fairy-tale explanations for the change of day and night, which they could only come up with in antiquity, because now everyone knows how their alternation takes place.