Genre (from French Genre - view) - a set of works combined:

The general range of topics or subjects of the image; or

Way of understanding and interpretation: allegory, fantasy.

Genre is a few special features inherent in works of art, by which we distinguish one of them from others.

An artist-painter paints, and there are a lot of techniques, ways of working with them, they are complex and diverse, this is a whole science. But depending on what is shown in the picture, you can determine its genre.

SELF-PORTRAIT - a portrait painted from oneself.

ALLEGORY - the image of abstract concepts through associative close specific images, creatures and objects, usually endowed with attributes explaining their content.

ANIMALISTIC - associated with the depiction of animals in painting, sculpture and graphics; combines natural science and artistic principles.

BATTLE - dedicated to depicting war and military life. In the works of the battle genre, the main place is occupied by scenes of battles and military campaigns of the present or the past.

HOUSEHOLD - associated with the image of the everyday private and public life of a person.

HISTORICAL - one of the main genres of fine art, dedicated to historical events of the past and present, socially significant phenomena in the history of peoples.

CARICATURE - genre visual arts using means of satire and humor, grotesque, caricature, artistic hyperbole; image in which the comic effect is created by exaggeration and sharpening of characteristic features.

MYTHOLOGICAL - dedicated to the events and heroes that myths tell about.

STILL LIFE - a genre of fine art showing inanimate objects placed in a real household environment and organized into a specific group; a picture depicting household items, flowers, fruits, broken game, caught fish.

Nude - a genre of fine art dedicated to the naked body, its artistic interpretation.

PASTORAL - an image of the idyllic peaceful life of shepherds and shepherdesses in the bosom of nature.

LANDSCAPE - an image of any area, pictures of nature: rivers, mountains, fields, forests, rural or urban landscape; according to the subject of the image, they distinguish the architectural and urban, industrial landscape, veduta, marina (depicts the sea), historical, fantastic (futurological), lyrical, epic landscape.

PORTRAIT - a genre of fine art dedicated to the image of a person or a group of people; varieties - self-portrait, group portrait, ceremonial, chamber, costume portrait, portrait miniature, parsuna.

CARTOON - a kind of caricature, a humorous or satirical image in which the characteristic features of a person are changed and emphasized.

5. Theater

Theatre(Greek θέατρον - the main meaning is a place for spectacles, then - a spectacle, from θεάομαι - I look, I see) - a spectacular art form, which is a synthesis of various arts - literature, music, choreography, vocals, fine arts and others, and has its own specificity: the reflection of reality, conflicts, characters, as well as their interpretation and evaluation, the approval of certain ideas here occurs through dramatic action, the main carrier of which is the actor.

The generic concept of "theater" includes its various types: drama theater, opera, ballet, puppet, pantomime theatre, etc.

At all times, the theater has been a collective art; in the modern theater, in addition to the actors and the director (conductor, choreographer), the stage designer, composer, choreographer, as well as props, costumers, make-up artists, stage workers, and illuminators participate in the creation of the performance.

The development of the theater has always been inseparable from the development of society and the state of culture as a whole - its heyday or decline, the predominance of certain artistic trends in the theater and its role in the spiritual life of the country were associated with the peculiarities of social development.

Fine Arts: Architecture,Painting,Graphics,Sculpture Arts and Crafts Stage Arts Design

Architecture

Architecture is the art of constructing buildings and structures for the life and activities of people. The word "architecture" comes from the Greek "Archus" - the main, the highest; "Tectonic" - construction. Requires three-dimensional space.. It also has an internal space - the interior.

Painting

Painting is a kind of fine art, the works of which are created with the help of paints (tempera, oil paints, acrylic, gouache, …).

Graphic arts

Graphics is a form of fine art that includes drawing and printed images. "Grafo" - I write, draw, draw. The drawings are made in pencil, ink, sepia, sanguine... Printed images - engravings, lithography, woodcuts, monotype. Graphics is divided into easel, book and applied. On the verge of painting and graphics are watercolor, gouache and pastel. The first works of graphics are rock paintings of primitive art. AT Ancient Greece graphic art was the highest level- vase painting.

Sculpture

The term comes from the Latin "sculpere" - cut, carve. Unlike painting and graphics, there is volume in sculpture. Sculpture is a three-dimensional image. Materials: bone, stone, wood, clay, metal, wax… Sculpture is one of the most ancient forms of art. The first sculptural works were idols, amulets, portrayed the ancient gods. A distinction is made between round sculpture (viewed from different angles) and relief (high, medium, low, counter-relief). Sculpture is divided into types: easel and monumental (monuments, monuments) and monumental-decorative (architectural decoration).

Decorative and Applied Arts (DPI)

In every house, various objects live and serve us. And if they were touched by the hand of an artist, jeweler or craftsman, then they become a work of arts and crafts. The term appeared in the 18th century. from the French word "decor" - decoration everywhere. Applied means that to which skill, art is applied.

Design

Starting from the primitive period, one can trace the development of this art form.

Theatrical and decorative art

This type of art includes the creation of scenery, props, costumes, make-up. GENRES

The term "genre" comes from the French - kind, genus. The first independent genres appeared in the Netherlands in the 16th century. Historical Mythological, Religious Battle Portrait Landscape Still Life Household Marina Animal Interior

The historical genre is works of art that reflect real historical characters or events.

mythological genre- These are works of art that reflect mythological subjects.

Battle genre- These are works of art that reflect military episodes. An artist who writes on battle themes is called a battle painter.

Portrait- this is the image of a person in sculpture, painting and graphics. Portraits painted by artists convey to us the images of people from past eras.

Landscape- a picture in which nature has become its main content. The term "landscape" (paysage) came from French, which means "nature" in translation. As an independent genre, landscape originated in Holland. Landscape painting is varied. There are landscapes that accurately convey certain corners of nature, in others the state is subtly conveyed. There are also fantastic landscapes.

The term "still life"” came from a French word literally meaning “dead nature”. These are pictures whose heroes are various items household items, fruits, flowers or food (fish, game, and so on). Still lifes tell us not only about things, but also about their owners, about their life, way of life and habits.

household genre- these are pictures that reflect episodes from Everyday life of people

Marina- These are works of art that depict the sea. An artist who paints the sea is called a marine painter.

Animal genre These are works of art depicting animals.

Interior Image of the interior decoration of an architectural structure

Art is a multifaceted concept, it reflects the spiritual and practical sphere of human activity, aimed at artistic comprehension and development of the world. Its goal is to recreate the surrounding world through various forms of human sensuality. Genres of art characterize content properties and features. They combine them into certain groups, depending on their characteristic features.

Art forms are forms of creative activity that convey through artistic images a certain content and differing in the way of its material embodiment (in music - sound, in literature - the word, in fine arts - materials). They are usually divided into several groups. The first includes plastic or They exist in several dimensions: graphics, painting, architecture, DPI, photography. The second category includes dynamic or temporary views. This includes music and literature. The composition of these works unfolds over time. The third group includes spatio-temporal varieties - theatrical and cinema art, directions - video graphics and design - are synthetic art forms. Each group has its own special language and Music embodies through sounds, ballet - gestures, plastics, literature - words.

Within species there are genres of art. They are quite varied and varied. So, for example, they differ in the theme and subject of the image: landscape (surrounding reality), portrait (person), still life (objects In cinema and theater - the nature of events (detective, comedy, drama, fantasy). fiction the main genres of art are epic (narrative), drama (a work with a specific plot, written in colloquial form) and lyric (poetry). All of them develop according to their own laws, using special expressive means.

Types and genres of painting

Works of this type of art are usually divided into two types: easel and monumental. The second variety is closely related to architecture: this includes painting the ceilings and walls of buildings, decorating with mosaics, stained-glass windows. Easel paintings are more compact and can be easily moved from one room to another.

In painting, there are the following genres of art: plot work, landscape, still life, portrait, etc. Artistic canvases reflect individual parties being. For example, a portrait paints the appearance of a certain person, revealing it inner world, character. Landscapes depict the life of nature, while conveying the feelings and worldview of the artist (Levitan "Vladimirka", Savrasov "The Rooks Have Arrived"). Still life is translated from French as "dead nature". Artists working in this genre paint vegetables, flowers, fruits, furnishings, reflecting their ideas of beauty, moods and thoughts.

Animal paintings depict animals. This genre first appeared among primitive artists. On the rock paintings you can see scenes of hunting bison, mammoths and deer. convey the life of people of the past or a certain significant event (“The Last Day of Pompeii”). Mythological drawings were discovered in ancient Greece. Such paintings depict scenes described in ancient myths (Botticelli, Vrubel, Vasnetsov). Religious paintings are based on biblical stories. Artists painted walls in monasteries and temples, decorated places of worship with ornaments, painted miniatures in church folios (Rublev, Leonardo do Vinci).

Thus, the types and genres of art convey and reflect certain conditions and events of the surrounding reality.