Rasputin's work "Fire" was published in 1985. In this story, the writer continues to analyze the life of the people from the story “Farewell to Matera” who moved to another village after the island was flooded. They were moved to the urban-type settlement of Sosnovka. The main character, Ivan Petrovich Egorov, feels exhausted morally and physically: “like in a grave.”

It is difficult to find a work in the history of literature in which the problems of spirit and morality were not recognized and moral and ethical values ​​were not defended.

The work of our contemporary Valentin Rasputin is no exception in this regard. I love all the books of this writer, but I was especially shocked by the story “Fire,” published during perestroika.

The situation with the fire in the story allows the author to explore the present and the past. Warehouses are burning, goods that people have not seen on the shelves: sausages, Japanese rags, red fish, a Ural motorcycle, sugar, flour. Some people, taking advantage of the confusion, are stealing what they can. In the story, the fire is a symbol of disaster for the social atmosphere in Sosnovka. Rasputin tries to explain this by retrospective analysis. In Sosnovka they do not engage in agricultural work; they harvest timber, without ensuring its reproduction. The forest won't last long. That's why they don't monitor the village. It is “uncomfortable and unkempt”; the dirt was mixed using machinery “to a black creamy foam.” The story reveals the degeneration of the psychology of the farmer and grain grower into the psychology of a dependent who destroys nature.

The eventual basis of the story is simple: warehouses caught fire in the village of Sosnovka. Who saves people's property from the fire, and who grabs what they can for themselves. The way people behave in an extreme situation serves as an impetus for the painful thoughts of the main character of the story, driver Ivan Petrovich Egorov, in whom Rasputin embodied the popular character of a lover of truth, suffering at the sight of the destruction of the age-old moral basis of existence.

Ivan Petrovich is looking for answers to the questions that the surrounding reality throws at him. Why “has everything turned upside down?.. It was not supposed to, not accepted, it became supposed and accepted, it was impossible - it became possible, it was considered a shame, a mortal sin - it is revered for dexterity and valor.” How modern these words sound! Indeed, even today, so many years after the publication of the work, forgetting elementary moral principles is not a shame, but “the ability to live.”

Ivan Petrovich made the rule of his life “to live according to conscience” the law of his life; it pains him that during a fire, the one-armed Savely drags bags of flour into his bathhouse, and the “friendly guys - Arkharovites” first of all grab boxes of vodka.

But the hero not only suffers, he tries to find the reason for this moral impoverishment. At the same time, the main thing is the destruction of the centuries-old traditions of the Russian people: they have forgotten how to plow and sow, they are accustomed to only taking, cutting down, and destroying.

In all the works of V. Rasputin, a special role is played by the image of the House (with a capital letter): the house of the old woman Anna, where her children gather, the Guskovs’ hut, which does not accept a deserter, Daria’s house, which goes under the water. The residents of Sosnovka do not have this, and the village itself is like a temporary shelter: “Uncomfortable and unkempt... bivouac type... as if they were wandering from place to place, stopped to wait out the bad weather, and ended up stuck...”. The absence of a Home deprives people of their life basis, kindness, and warmth. The reader feels acute anxiety from the picture of the ruthless conquest of nature. A large volume of work requires a large number of workers, often random ones. The writer describes a layer of “superfluous” people, indifferent to everything, who cause discord in life.

They were joined by the “Arkharovites” (organizational recruitment brigade), who brazenly put pressure on everyone. And the local residents were at a loss before this evil force. The author, through the reflections of Ivan Petrovich, explains the situation: “... people scattered all over themselves even earlier...” The social strata in Sosnovka were mixed up. There is a disintegration of the “common and harmonious existence.” Over the twenty years of living in the new village, morality has changed. In Sosnovka, houses don’t even have front gardens, because these are temporary housing anyway. Ivan Petrovich remained faithful to the previous principles, the norms of good and evil. He works honestly, worries about the decline of morals. And it finds itself in the position of a foreign body. Ivan Petrovich's attempts to prevent the Ninth's gang from taking over power end in the gang's revenge. Either they will puncture the tires of his car, then they will pour sand into the carburetor, then they will cut the brake hoses to the trailer, or they will knock out the rack from under the beam, which almost kills Ivan Petrovich.

Ivan Petrovich has to get ready with his wife Alena to leave for the Far East to visit one of his sons. Afonya Bronnikov asks him reproachfully: “You leave, I’ll leave - who will stay?.. Eh! Are we really going to leave it like that?! Ivan Petrovich will never be able to leave.

There are many positive characters in the story: Ivan Petrovich’s wife Alena, old uncle Misha Hampo, Afonya Bronnikov, head of the timber industry section Boris Timofeevich Vodnikov. Descriptions of nature are symbolic. At the beginning of the story (March) she is lethargic and numb. At the end there is a moment of calm, before blossoming. Ivan Petrovich, walking on the spring earth, “as if he had finally been carried out on the right road.”

The remarkable Russian writer Valentin Rasputin, with civil openness in his works, raised the most pressing and pressing issues of the time, touching its most painful points. Even the title of the story “Fire” takes on the character of a metaphor, breathing with the idea of ​​moral trouble. Rasputin convincingly proved that the moral inferiority of an individual person inevitably leads to the destruction of the foundations of the life of the people. For me, this is the ruthless truth of Valentin Rasputin’s story.

Every connoisseur of Russian literature should know the summary of Rasputin's "Fire". This is one of the author's key works. It acutely poses the problems of our time. Due to this, the novel aroused great interest among readers.

The place of "Fire" in Rasputin's work

A brief summary of Rasputin's "Fire" gives a complete picture of his work in the 80s. By that time, he was already well known as the author of the stories “Money for Maria”, “The Deadline”, “Live and Remember”, and the cult “Farewell to Matera”.

He wrote the story "Fire" in 1985. At that time, Rasputin was already a recognized classic of the Russian so-called village prose. The problems that he raised on the pages of his works always found a lively response from readers.

Plot of the story

A summary of Rasputin's "Fire" begins with a description of the events occurring in the month of March. The narration is conducted from a third person. It is filled with a large number of lyrical digressions and arguments of a journalistic nature.

At the center of the story is the driver Ivan Petrovich. At the beginning of the work, he returns from work tired. He is met by his wife Alena. But a quiet family evening is not destined to happen on this day. They hear screams: fire.

It turns out that ORS warehouses are on fire. Ivan Petrovich, in turmoil, gets ready for the fire and takes an ax with him. It turns out that the fire is serious. Both parts of the warehouse are on fire. One is industrial, the second is food. The main character immediately notes to himself that the fight against the fire is led by two extremely unreliable people. This is Semyon Koltsov and Afonya.

Fighting fire

The authorities gather to decide how to fight the fire. The site manager, Vodnikov, is a skilled and expressive person. He swears a lot at his subordinates, but you can rely on him. Alena, who takes out some things, helps no less than the men in saving the warehouses from the fire.

At the same time, the negative characters in both the story and the summary of Rasputin’s “Fire” are the Arkharov brigade. These are hired workers who do not live in these places and are only interested in their earnings.

Detachment of Arkharovites

Valentin Rasputin in “Fire,” a summary of which is presented in this article, describes the essence of the Arkharov detachment. They are carriers of camp concepts. Therefore, when the main character tries to throw himself into the fire, he is dissuaded because they view work only as a duty and are not ready to risk their lives for the sake of a common cause.

Because of his inherent integrity, they do not like Ivan Petrovich. In Rasputin's "Fire", the content of which is worth knowing to every lover of his work, they personify the dark side of impending progress.

The story of Ivan Petrovich

At the same time, Ivan Petrovich himself is a simple and sincere person. He was born in the village of Yegorovka. During the Great Patriotic War he was a tank driver.

Already in peacetime, it became known that the village would soon be flooded. There is a direct connection here with another story by Rasputin - “Farewell to Matera”. Ivan Petrovich also knows about this. But unlike the others, he is in no hurry to leave. Only in extreme cases does he move to Sosnovka, where the events of the story unfold.

The main character selflessly runs into one of the food warehouses. At the same time, he notices how many supplies there are, although everyone has always been told that there is not enough food. Here the hero in the summary of the story “Fire” by Rasputin begins to reason when life has gone awry. He comes to the conclusion that everything changed when they started cutting down the forest. This is stupid work that destroys both the nature around and the person himself.

Because of her, more and more frivolous people are coming to Sosnovka, who are only after easy money. At the same time, crime in rural areas is increasing. They begin to treat all conscientious and honest people with suspicion.

The main thing for Ivan Petrovich remains absolute values, which he is ready to actively defend.

Antipode of the main character

In Rasputin's "Fire", in a very brief summary, it is necessary to mention the antipodean protagonist. This is Afonya Bronnikov. He believes that the main thing is to live honestly and not steal. Set a lesson for everyone around you by example.

Rasputin and his main character categorically disagree with this. They believe that everyone is already too late to set an example.

At the fire, everyone is transformed when the fire gets close to the vodka. Arkharovites and local residents save her, forming a chain and managing to get drunk along the way. Only Ivan Petrovich is trying to save the vegetable oil. A real psychological drama unfolds in the soul of the main character.

Nobody helps him. He and his wife watch in horror as the remains of a manufactured goods warehouse are robbed.

By the way, he and his wife have been together for more than 30 years. She's a librarian. "Fire" is a work by Rasputin, in which the author consciously idealizes their relationship. According to him, they have complete mutual understanding.

Life in Sosnovka

While rescuing provisions from a warehouse, Ivan Petrovich reflects on his future in Sosnovka. In his opinion, his entire life ahead is slowly losing all meaning. For him, the main thing in work is not wealth, as for Afonya, but some kind of creativity. But after moral foundations collapse around him, he gives up.

In Rasputin's "Fire", a summary of the chapters is described in this article, a conversation between the protagonist and Afonya is given. He asks why Ivan Petrovich is going to leave. He admits that he is tired. When Afonya begins to lament who Egorovka will now be left with. Ivan Petrovich amazes him with his confidence - Egorovka is in each of us.

The denouement of the story

Over time, the fire intensifies. Flour is mostly saved. But at the same time, almost all participants get very drunk. The storekeeper complains that the warehouses are heavily looted. And not so much was burned as much as it was dispersed. Ivan Petrovich loses consciousness in complete powerlessness.

A fight breaks out between drunk Arkharovites, which results in two corpses. The next morning the ashes are cordoned off. Everyone is waiting for the arrival of a commission from the center, which must assess the damage and establish the causes of the fire. Confused, Ivan Petrovich asks his neighbor Afonya what they will do next. What he reassures him about is that all that remains is to live.

At the end of the story, Ivan Petrovich goes to the spring forest, where he seeks rest and tranquility. He feels that nature is waking up around him. He expects that she will be the one to show him the way and help a lost person.

Analysis of Rasputin's story

Many researchers note that Rasputin in “Fire”, the analysis is in this article, continues the theme of studying the life of people who became forced migrants. For the first time he brings it up in the story "Farewell to Matera". This work, in some way, is its continuation.

The characters in this story move from a village to an urban settlement. They find themselves locked in it. It’s like living in a grave, admits the main character Ivan Petrovich.

The fire allows the author and the reader to clearly see who is worth what. Helps to explore the past and present of the characters in the work. During a fire, people discover that the fire contains goods they have never seen before. And they didn’t even suspect that they were in their warehouses. These are scarce food products and foreign knitwear. Taking advantage of the confusion, some begin not to save valuables from the fire, but engage in real looting.

Social catastrophe

For Rasputin, the fire is an obvious symbol of the social catastrophe that is approaching Sosnovka. The author is looking for an explanation for this phenomenon.

One of the reasons for the moral decay of society is that in Sosnovka no one is engaged in agriculture. People only harvest timber. That is, they take from nature without providing anything in return. There are many visitors in the village who arrived for a short time to work. Therefore, it does not develop, looks untidy and uncomfortable. The story represents the psychology of the degeneration of a peasant farmer into a dependent who only destroys the nature around him.

The reader is conveyed acute anxiety from the ruthless destruction of nature that occurs on the pages of the story. Due to the large volume of work that needs to be done, many workers are required. Therefore, they recruit everyone, often just anyone.

Social strata mix in Sosnovka. A coherent society is disintegrating before our eyes. In just two decades, the concept of morality in the village is changing. What was previously not allowed and not accepted becomes acceptable.

A striking detail is that in Sosnovka the houses do not even have front gardens. Everyone realizes that this is only temporary housing. Only the main character, Ivan Petrovich, remains true to his life principles. He has his own concepts of good and evil. He not only works honestly, but also worries about the decline of morals and strives to change this situation. But he finds virtually no support among those around him.

He tries to prevent the Arkharovites from establishing power, but they take revenge on him by puncturing the tires of the car. They constantly do petty mischief. Either sand will be poured into the carburetor, or the brake hoses on the trailer will be damaged, or a beam that almost kills the main character.

In the end, Ivan Petrovich and his wife decide to leave. They want to head to the Far East. One of their sons lives there. But even here the main character cannot leave Sosnovka. Afonya begins to reproach him, asking who will remain if people like them leave. Ivan Petrovich does not dare to take this step.

It is worth noting that there are enough positive characters in the story. This is the wife of the main character Alena, and the old uncle Hampo, and the controversial head of the site Boris Timofeevich Vodnikov.

The key to understanding the essence of the work remains the symbolic description of nature. If at the very beginning of the story, when it’s March, she seems to be in a daze. Then towards the end of the work it calms down before the coming blossoming. Walking on the spring earth, Ivan Petrovich expects that it will lead him to the right path.

Short description

In this story, the author continues to examine the life of the people who moved after the flooding of the island from the story “Farewell to Matera.” People were relocated to an urban-type settlement (Sosnovka). The main character of the story, Ivan Petrovich Egorov, feels exhausted morally and physically: “like in a grave.”
The situation with the fire in the story allows the author to explore the present and the past. Warehouses and goods that people had not seen on the shelves are burning (sausages, Japanese rags, red fish, a Ural motorcycle, sugar, flour). Some people, taking advantage of the confusion, are stealing what they can. In the story, the fire is a symbol of disaster for the social atmosphere in Sosnovka. Rasputin tries to explain this by retrospective analysis. In Sosnovka they do not engage in agricultural work; they harvest timber without ensuring its reproduction. The forest won't last long. That's why they don't monitor the village.

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Problems of morality (Based on Rasputin’s story “Fire”)

In this story, the author continues to examine the life of the people who moved after the flooding of the island from the story “Farewell to Matera.” People were relocated to an urban-type settlement (Sosnovka). The main character of the story, Ivan Petrovich Egorov, feels exhausted morally and physically: “like in a grave.”
The situation with the fire in the story allows the author to explore the present and the past. Warehouses and goods that people had not seen on the shelves are burning (sausages, Japanese rags, red fish, a Ural motorcycle, sugar, flour). Some people, taking advantage of the confusion, are stealing what they can. In the story, the fire is a symbol of disaster for the social atmosphere in Sosnovka. Rasputin tries to explain this by retrospective analysis. In Sosnovka they do not engage in agricultural work; they harvest timber without ensuring its reproduction. The forest won't last long. That's why they don't monitor the village. It is “uncomfortable and unkempt”, the dirt was mixed using machinery “to a black and creamy foam.” The story reveals the degeneration of the psychology of the farmer and grain grower into the psychology of a dependent who destroys nature.
“It would be better if we introduced another plan - not just for cubic meters, but for souls! So that it can be taken into account how many souls have been lost, gone to hell, gone to the devil, and how many are left!” - Ivan Petrovich gets excited in the argument.
The reader feels acute anxiety from the picture of the ruthless conquest of nature. A large volume of work requires a large number of workers, often random ones. The writer describes a layer of “superfluous” people, indifferent to everything, who cause discord in life.
They were joined by the “Arkharovites” (organizational recruitment brigade), who brazenly put pressure on everyone. And the local residents were at a loss before this evil force. The author, through the reflections of Ivan Petrovich, explains the situation: “... people scattered all over themselves even earlier...”
Social strata in Sosnovka were mixed. There is a disintegration of the “common and harmonious existence.” Over the twenty years of living in the new village, morality has changed. What “was not supposed to be accepted, has become allowed and accepted.
In Sosnovka, houses don’t even have front gardens, because these are temporary housing anyway. Ivan Petrovich remained faithful to the previous principles, the norms of good and evil. He works honestly and worries about the decline of morals. And it finds itself in the position of a foreign body. Ivan Petrovich's attempts to prevent the Ninth's gang from taking over power end in the gang's revenge. Either they will puncture the tires of his car, then they will pour sand into the carburetor, then they will cut the brake hoses to the trailer, or they will knock out the rack from under the beam, which almost kills Ivan Petrovich.
Ivan Petrovich has to get ready with his wife Alena to leave for the Far East to visit one of his sons. Afonya Bronnikov asks him reproachfully: “You leave, I will leave - who will stay?.. Eh! Are we really going to leave it like that?! Let's clean it down to the last thread and throw it away! And here - take it if you are not too lazy!” Ivan Petrovich will never be able to leave.
There are many positive characters in the story: Ivan Petrovich’s wife Alena, old uncle Misha Hampo, Afonya Bronnikov, head of the timber industry section Boris Timofeevich Vodnikov. Descriptions of nature are symbolic. At the beginning of the story (March) she is lethargic and numb. At the end there is a moment of calm, before blossoming. Ivan Petrovich, walking on the spring earth, “as if he had finally been carried out on the right road.”

The story "Fire"

The village is burning, the native is burning.
From a folk song

Valentin Grigorievich Rasputin is a “village writer” who consistently and passionately advocates for the preservation of spirituality, traditions of the people and culture.
In “Farewell to Matera” and especially in the story “Fire” the question of people’s attitude towards their land is acutely raised. “Who are we,” the writer asks himself and us, “temporary workers who do not remember kinship, or people who are able to leave the fruits of their labor to their descendants.”
The plot of the story “Fire” is simple. The Orso warehouses are burning, and those who came running to the fire do not extinguish the fire, but take away what has not yet been burned, knowing that everything will be blamed on the fire.
With all the logic of the story, the writer leads to the idea that it is not the warehouses that are generally on fire, but human souls, and they don’t even notice - they take advantage of the opportunity to grab, snatch more.
We see what is happening through the eyes of a local resident, old-timer Ivan Petrovich. A good worker and a zealous owner, he cannot understand why newcomers are so careless about their work, about the land on which they live and work. If they cut down a forest, then in such a way that nothing will ever grow again; if they build, then in such a way that it is unpleasant to look at, let alone live. “Now, perhaps, it’s impossible to find out how and why the living apart happened... No, it didn’t happen immediately after we moved, it took a side course. Of course, the new work took its toll: felling the forest, just felling and felling... Then everything got mixed up... easy people began to settle in, not having acquired a household or even a vegetable garden, who knew only one way - to the store, to eat, and so that time while away from work to work. First from work to work, and then taking work...”
Ivan Petrovich does not accept modern unrest, his soul worries about the disorder of life, and when he learns statistical data that as many died from drunkenness and negligence as returned from the last war, he is horrified.
The writer bitterly tells the story of forester Andrei Solodov, who fought with the timber industry enterprise because of violations when cutting timber. In winter they cut down without clearing the snow, and the stumps remained almost waist-deep. When the forester came out in defense of the forest and fined the timber industry enterprise, they burned his bathhouse, stole and killed his horse... And Ivan Petrovich himself was threatened when he spoke at a meeting and was indignant at all the unrest, but “he said what everyone knew and what gradually became a custom - and how, without need or pity, they tear up equipment in the forest or drive it drunken and sober for tens of kilometers for their own needs, and how in broad daylight they drag it from a sawmill, and how on the way to the timber industry enterprise the people indicated in the invoices mysteriously disappear goods, and instead of them money immediately appears...” And the honest and conscientious man listed many more outrages, horrified by the changes that were taking place in the souls of people. This process is already irreversible. There will be no more turning to spirituality. He calls Arkharovites those who, without hesitation, destroy the surrounding nature, and therefore their soul.
Ivan Petrovich understands that it is pointless and dangerous to act alone, but from time to time he cannot stand it, his soul does not accept such a life, and he cannot change anything alone. The hero comes to the conclusion that “the chaos around you is one thing, and the chaos inside you is quite another.” Ivan Petrovich understands with horror that many have been reborn into non-humans, and that this process is difficult to stop. He becomes afraid of everything he realizes and understands. Neighbor Afanasy says simple but wise words: “We will live... It’s a hard thing, Ivan Petrovich, to live in the world, but all the same... we still have to live.”
These words, put by the author into the mouth of a simple village resident, sound like faith in the triumph of reason. And the writer, and after him we begin to believe that the time will come when people will understand how to live and put out the fire that is burning their souls.

Why does a person live? (Based on the story “Fire” by V. G. Rasputin)

One of the most serious socio-psychological problems that is solved by modern literature is the correct choice of the hero’s place in life, the accuracy of his definition of his goal. One of the most talented writers of our time, Valentin Rasputin, reflects in his stories on our contemporary and his life, on his civic courage and moral position.
The story "Fire" occupies a special place in the works of V. Rasputin. Its ideological, moral and aesthetic potential is great.
The story begins with the reflection of the protagonist Ivan Petrovich about truth, conscience, about those main “props” on which, in his opinion, a person’s life rests. These works show the hero’s (and the author’s) heartache for his land, the uneconomical, thoughtless, consumerist attitude of many people towards it. Something has gone wrong in the world. People became different, somehow indifferent. They live - everyone for themselves. And the writer cannot remain silent about this.
The title of the story itself is symbolic. A fire is not only a natural disaster. This is a “fire” in people’s souls. The flame snatches out of the darkness not only the looting, the murder that happened that night, but also the past, the present of the village of Sosnovka. People have ceased to be the masters of their land, their village. They didn't care about its improvement.
“Why are we, Ivan, like this?” - Anna Egorovna asks her husband at the fire. Why are we so divided? Why does mismanagement, theft, drunkenness, and crime flourish among us?! “Why are there so many incompetents and paraphernalia in the world?! And how did it happen that we surrendered to their mercy, how did it happen?” - the author also asks.
Ivan Petrovich is suffering, tormenting himself mentally and physically. The hero doubts whether he is right, since no one supports him. He sees that in the past “good and evil were different, had their own clear image, but now the boundaries have been erased. Good and evil are mixed up. Good has turned into weakness, evil into strength. What is a good or bad person now? Previously, a person was judged by his spiritual gestures, according to the ability or inability to feel the suffering of others. And now that good person who does not do evil, who does not interfere in anything without asking. As a result, the measure of a good person has become “a comfortable position between good and evil, a constant and balanced temperature souls." People used to withstand the tests of natural disasters, war, famine, because they were all together. But now the test of satiety and disunity turned out to be even more difficult.
Thoughts about this haunt Ivan Petrovich. We see a way out of the impasse in the hero’s reasoning about four “supports of life”: a sense of home with family; in a feeling of solidarity with people, “with whom you celebrate holidays and everyday life”; in the feeling of work, which gives a feeling of unity with people; in the feeling of the fatherland, the land on which your house stands - if all this is there, a person is happy and “whole turns into a response to someone’s call, his soul is aligned and begins to sound freely.”
V. Rasputin's story makes us think about many questions of modern life: why does a person live, what is the reason for the moral degradation of people and what to do to eliminate these phenomena? Therefore, the works of V. Rasputin will not lose their relevance for a long time and will excite more than one generation of readers.

“For whom the bell tolls” by V. Rasputin? (based on the works “Farewell to Matera”, “Fire”)

In “Farewell to Matera” and “Fire” V. Rasputin depicts critical situations that “reveal” the essence of the modern person of the writer. We can say that the dramatic circumstances described in these works allow the author to reveal the moral laws by which his heroes live.
In “Fire,” Rasputin reflects on how persistent inattention to the problems of nature and people could not but affect the spiritual world of man. In this story, the author seemed to look twenty years later into that village where residents from many flooded villages, like Matera, were resettled. Not only lands and forests went under water. The laws of human society that had been developed over centuries, which gave people support in the harsh trials of life, were destroyed. As a result, “what was held until recently by the whole world, which was a common unwritten law, the firmament of the earth, has turned into a relic, into some kind of abnormality and almost into betrayal.”
The main character of the story, Ivan Petrovich, is most concerned about the lack of habit of work in many people, their desire to live without putting down deep roots, without family, without friends, without attachments, the desire to “snatch” more for themselves.
It is no coincidence that V. Rasputin chose the plot device of fire. It highlighted the uncomfortable, unkempt appearance of the village, which was not being built according to human standards, and the economic confusion, and, most importantly, the disorder in the souls of people, in their relationships.
V. Rasputin explores a phenomenon terrible in its consequences, showing the “Arkharovites” - people without memory, without conscience, united not for the sake of a common good deed, but for the sake of drunkenness. Even in a fire, they primarily saved not bread and food, but vodka and colorful rags.
The episode that concludes the story about putting out the fire is filled with symbolic meaning: the kind and reliable grandfather Misha Khampo, who tried to stop the thieves, was killed, and along with him one of the “Arkharovites”.
The fire, like any misfortune, has long united people, but this time it revealed the deepest chasm that separated them. But the author did not stop only at stating this phenomenon. “And until when will we give up what we have always held on to? Where, from what rear and reserves will the desired help come from?” - Ivan Petrovich reflects.
The writer places his hope in people like his hero - a conscientious, hardworking, caring person who feels a blood connection with people and his native land. “A person has four pillars in life: a home with a family, work, people with whom you celebrate holidays and everyday life, and the land on which your house stands” - this is how the moral position of the hero is formulated in the work.
The fire helped Ivan Petrovich to find himself again, to overcome the “terrible ruin” in his soul, to understand that, no matter how hard it is, he cannot leave, abandon his native land, give it to the “Arkharovites” for ruin. “No land is rootless,” the writer asserts; only a person can make it that way. To prevent this from happening, “we will live,” imperiously obeying the call of the earth awakening in spring, the picture of which completes the work.
V. Rasputin’s story has an open ending: the hero’s soul is restless, difficult things lie ahead of him. But he came out of the ordeal more tempered, and therefore “easily, liberation and evenly walked to him”, “gratefully and hastily” his heart responded to the sounds of spring.
Thus, these stories clearly show what Rasputin’s soul “aches about” - the moral character of the man of his time. The writer talks about very dangerous trends that he sees in the life around him: people losing their roots, desecration of the soul, oblivion of eternal moral values. We can say that in his stories “the bell rings” - for each of us, for the lost human soul, life without which is unthinkable on this planet.

Filinova Elena Svyatoslavovna

Teacher of Russian language and literature

MBOU "Secondary school No. 2 with in-depth study

in English"

Sosnovy Bor, Leningrad region

Grade: 11

Lesson topic: “What are you, our silent land?” (based on the story “Fire” by V.G. Rasputin)

Lesson objectives:

To introduce the work of V. G. Rasputin (using the example of the story “Fire”) and the artistic originality of the poetic and spiritual world of the writer

Tasks:

Educational:

Promote the development of independent thinking, the ability to analyze and evaluate a work of art;

improve skills of independent work with text;

involve students in research work, express their own opinion about the problem;

Educational:

activate the cognitive activity of students, stimulate and develop thought processes;

development of students’ speech, creation of conditions for the realization of the student’s creative potential;

develop self-esteem skills.

Educational:

cultivate interest in the works of V. Rasputin, love for nature;

creating conditions for the development of communication skills and joint activities;

contribute to the moral education of students.

Equipment: computer, multimedia projector with presentation, Explanatory dictionary of the Russian language by I.S. Ozhegova – M., 1990

During the classes

1.Teacher's word

Having read to the end the story by V.G. Rasputin “Fire”, I closed the last page and thought about the power of the word. Thanks to the book, we learned the thoughts of the master. His anxiety and pain for the fate of the Russian people and the land on which we live were transmitted to me, the reader. I thought about how lucky it is that these days there are such talented, conscientious, and caring people as Valentin Rasputin. The story “Fire” was first published in the magazine “Our Contemporary” (1985. No. 7) and was awarded the USSR State Prize.

Addressing the epigraph, setting the goal and objectives of the lesson (Slide 1-2): An unspiritual person is capable of going through life without knowing about his misfortune, but how much poorer, wretched, more searching, and not more searching, will his existence be.

A soulless person is completely dangerous to others.

Valentin Rasputin

2. Discussion of the book

Why do you think these particular words were taken for our lesson?

What thoughts and feelings did the book evoke in you? (Exchange impressions.)

Which story by V. Rasputin is this work close to and why? List the similarities.

(“Here, first of all, we must remember “Farewell to Matera” (1976,” the writer answers. “I myself am one of the “drowned people” - that’s what we on the Angara called those whose villages went under water due to the construction of giant dams. I did not escape this fate and my native village of Atalanka, which, like Matera, had to move and look for other occupations when the arable land was flooded. And these occupations were to cut down the forest. Life itself forced me to write a sequel to “Matera.” Having said “a,” one should have said “b.” With the change in occupations, morals changed, and with the change in morals, people became more and more worried... How did I find the hero of the story? I didn’t even have to look for him, this is my neighbor in the village, Ivan Egorovich Slobodchikov. And the incident with the fire is not fictional. He happened too. Just not in my village, and in the neighboring one, lespromkhozovsky”)

As we see, biography and creativity, concrete realities and artistic images are intertwined here. This is typical for Rasputin. In “Fire” we meet Klavka Strigunova, profiting from misfortune, who hid small boxes in her pockets, “certainly not with irons,” she was the first to flee from Matera. Mute, endowed with heroic strength, Uncle Misha Hampo surprisingly resembles old Bogodul, and Sosnovka itself, in which the action takes place, is the very new village to which the inhabitants of Matera moved.

Let's pay attention to the title of the story . (Slide 3)

What is a fire? What associations do you have with the word fire? ( Destruction, turning into ashes; fear, pain, burnt things, fire, cry, etc.)While students work, Antonio Vivaldi’s “Tango of Death” plays

Vocabulary work. Find the word “fire” in dictionaries and write down the dictionary entry in your notebook.

(Slide 4): . FIRE is a strong flame that engulfs and destroys everything that can burn, creating a danger to people’s lives, as well as the combustion itself, the destruction of something by fire.(Explanatory dictionary of the Russian language by S. I. Ozhegov)

Yes, indeed, the plot of the story is tied to a fire that destroyed and turned into ashes the Orsovo warehouses in the village of Sosnovka.

Let's read this episode (cards with text on each student’s desk).(Slide 5)

“Apparently, it caught fire from the corner or somewhere near the corner, from which the warehouses diverged into sides: food warehouses at the long end and industrial warehouses at the short end. Both sides stood under one own connection. And the formation was like this, and it was set up in such a place that, having caught fire, it would burn without a trace. As for the construction, as for thinking about the possibility of fire from the very beginning - the Russian man has always been smart with hindsight, and he has always arranged himself in such a way that it would be convenient to live and use, and not as a way to protect himself more easily and easily and be saved. And here. When the village was set up hastily, and especially not much thought: fleeing from the water, who thinks about the fire? But as for the corner where it caught fire, here someone, or, certainly, an evil case, if not someone, was smart with his mind far from behind.”

- Fire in Sosnovka: accident or arson? (Irresponsibility, mismanagement)

Prove with words from the text. Probably arson (Chapter 3). The Orso warehouses caught fire in the most “convenient” place to “burn without a trace,” and they are burning, moreover, precisely at that opportune moment when those directly responsible for their safety are away. But not only warehouses are burning in a fire, human souls are burning.

- Have you ever seen a house burn?

Remember the burning huts in “Farewell to Matera”, Daria’s condition, her grief. Only a completely cruel and morally stupid person (such as Petrukha), who cannot be penetrated by anything, is capable of rejoicing in a fire.

- What is the state of mind of the central character of the story, Ivan Petrovich, on the eve of the tragedy? (Chapter 1).

The strength is running out, “the edge and that’s all,” the legs can’t carry it, the work is a burden, fatigue, the desire for peace, an endless night, I didn’t want anything, like in the grave. And when I heard screams about a fire, it was so “dreary and fumes” soul,” which seemed as if screams were coming from him.

- Why did life become difficult for Ivan Petrovich? (Slide 6.7)

Because of a conflict with the Arkharovites, seasonal forestry workers. In the explanatory dictionary we read: " Arkharovets- a brawler, a mischievous person, a dissolute person.” After the publication of “Fire”, this word came into use - as a synonym for evil, aggressive indifference, disregard: as long as I feel good, for this “good” I will do anything with everyone. There are several Arkharovites in the story - from the leader Sashka the Ninth to Sonya. Let's turn to the text of the book.

- Who is the boss in Sosnovka?

There was no good owner in the village. This village was “uncomfortable and unkempt, and neither urban nor rural, but a bivouac type (a bivouac is a camp for troops or campaign participants outside a populated area for overnight stay and rest), “as if they were wandering from place to place, stopped to wait out the bad weather and rest, Yes, that's how we got stuck. But they were stuck waiting - when would the command to move on come, and therefore - without putting down deep roots, without preening and settling down with an eye on children and grandchildren, but just to fly through the summer, and then survive the winter.” (Chapter 4). Everything here resembled a temporary shelter - the streets broken up by machinery, the dirt, and the club in a public bathhouse. People who were accustomed to constant grain-growing work in one place were unable to settle down in the new village. But that's not so bad. The trouble is that they began to adapt, to adopt the worst. Yes, and there was someone: the shabashniks, people without a stake, without a yard, came to the timber industry enterprise for a “long ruble,” like tumbleweeds. Drunkenness, theft, and murder began.

- Why did the Arkharovites prevail over the Sosnovtsy?

The Arkharovites “came to the village as a force organized into one, with their own laws and seniority. We tried to break them up, but it didn’t work.” (Chapter 13). The Sosnovtsy were disunited: “people scattered all over themselves even earlier, and the Arkharovites only picked up what was lying around unused.” The Arkharovites are strength where “skin” is more valuable than the soul, and the soul either fell asleep or died. They are a product of the socialist system, where the immediate came first. In this case, a logging plan. Remember how the forest was cut down. They were in a hurry, making a plan, using tractors and machines to destroy the young growth. Few people thought that after such cutting down trees would not grow for several years. There are empty spaces everywhere, the taiga is like a bald head. After us there might be a flood. The main measure of values ​​is the ruble.

- How did the Arkharovites treat those who tried to resist them?

The forester, who fined the timber industry enterprise for high stumps, as a result of which Arkharov residents' wages were delayed, they stole the mare and killed (Chapter 9). Ivan Petrovich Egorov, who was indignant at the poor work of the coven workers, would either pour sand into the engine, or cut a hose, or knock out a rack from under a beam, which would almost kill him. The Arkharovites call him “citizen lawyer” for good reason. He alone worries about the fate of his land, he lives and works according to his conscience and demands the same from others. Other Sosnovtsy refused to fight. And it was not so much the Arkharovites who blamed Yegorov, who was trying to understand what was happening, how many of their fellow villagers - why did they resign themselves, gave in. "Ivan Petrovich thought frantically: the world does not turn over immediately, not in one fell swoop, but just like with us: it was not supposed to, not accepted - it became supposed and accepted, it was impossible - it became possible , was considered a shame, a mortal sin - revered for dexterity and valor” (Chapter 9). Remember, the boss personally delivers vodka to the taiga to the shabatniks so that they don’t quit their jobs. Concession after concession, and now the Arkharovites are a force. The internal fire in the hero’s soul, invisible to anyone around him, is more terrible than the one that destroys warehouses.

- Who put out the fire, and who seemed to put it out, but rather helped the fire, finding pleasure and self-interest in it?

The fire was extinguished by Ivan Petrovich, his friend from Yegorovka Afonya Bronnikov, tractor driver Semyon Koltsov, Alena Egorova and several other villagers. The rest helped the fire. The fire of the fire highlighted everything disgusting in people. Not only the Arkharovites stole the property saved from the fire, but also their own, the locals. Stupefied by vodka, the covens with inspiration broke the constipation, “this work was for them.” Why could this happen? The tragic incident helped Ivan Petrovich understand this and draw a conclusion. “Almost the entire village came running, but it seems that no one has yet been found who could organize it into one reasonable, solid force capable of stopping the fire.”

- Why is Alena, the wife of Ivan Petrovich, most memorable among the inhabitants of Sosnovka?

For the author, as for Egorov, this woman embodies the best, with the disappearance of which the world loses its strength. She managed to live life in harmony with herself, seeing its meaning in work, in family, in caring for loved ones. She doesn't talk, she does. " Alena was more than a wife for Ivan Petrovich. In this small, agile figure, as in a united trinity, everything that a woman can be came together.” That is, as a person, wife, mother, friend, mistress: “She would wither on the vine if she had no one to fuss over and circle around with”(chapters 6, 14).

- What conclusion does the writer come to when thinking about what a person needs to be happy? (Slide 8-9)

“A person has four pillars in life: a home and family, work, people with whom you celebrate holidays and everyday life, and the land on which your house stands.”(Chapter 16).

- How did you understand the meaning of the ending of the story? (Slide 10)

After the fire, Egorov goes into the forest so that, left alone with nature, he can understand himself. Valentin Rasputin does not write about whether the hero will go to his son in the Khabarovsk Territory or remain in Sosnovka. The hero felt “He walked lightly, freely and evenly... as if he had finally taken him onto the right road.” The fire incident showed that the earth itself is already in agony, it is overflowing with suffering. And if she does not have a protector, then she will perish, and with her all humanity. “No land is rootless.”“What are you, our silent land, how long are you silent? And are you silent?” - these words end the story, similar to the most painful question that life itself asks.

What happened in the world? Why do people lose their soul?

(People lose their home, their land, therefore, they lose human life, and with it their soul)

Teacher's word: Today in class we touched upon one of the most important and most difficult topics in modern literature - the topic of the human soul. Valentin Rasputin gives us his recipe for soullessness.

More than thirty years have passed since the creation of the story; is the theme of soullessness relevant today? (Various answer options)

Written twenty years ago, V. Rasputin’s story “Fire” is about us, today’s people. Hard-working and lazy, sympathetic and indifferent, modest and arrogant, economical and careless. The book makes you take a closer look at the people around you and look into your own self.

Homework (Slide 11): try to formulate the problem posed by V. Rasputin in the story “Fire”, write an essay.

Used Books:

1. Newspaper of the publishing house "First of September." - 2006. - No. 9