Types of settlements. Presentation for the lesson Types of settlements Territory of an urban settlement
Emblem of the unification of territories If you look at the emblem more closely, you can see another picture: people sitting at a round table. Since ancient times, the round table has symbolized fraternal relationships and knightly behavior. Palms lying in a special way on the table are also a symbol that proclaims universal equality. In general, this emblem confirms: the goal of uniting the city of Bor and all rural areas into a single district is to achieve equality in rights, and unity in further development and prosperity. This is what the emblem of uniting all the territories of our district into a single district looks like. The basis of this logo – a flower – was not chosen by chance. A flower is a symbol of life, development and prosperity, a symbol of goodness and light. Our flower has 9 petals, because today there are 9 settlements in the region: 8 rural and one urban. Having united, they will acquire a common status: they will become a single urban district.
1. Neklyudovo, Oktyabrsky and B. Pikino became part of the city of Bor. 2. Enlarged village councils were created: - “Kantaurovsky” (Kalikinsky and Kantaurovsky village councils merged) - “Krasnoslobodsky” (Gorodishchinsky, Krasnoslobodsky, Kerzhenetsky village councils and part of the Ivonkinsky village council) - “Lindovsky” (Kovrovsky, Lindovsky, Spassky and Chistopolsky village councils ) - "Ostankinsky » (Bolsheorlovsky, Ostankino and Rustaisky village councils) - “Yamnovsky” (Ivanovsky and Yamnovsky village councils) - “Redkinsky” (Redkinsky, Rozhnovsky and Chistoborsky village councils) - “Sitnikovsky” (Sitnikovsky village council and part of the Ivonkinsky village council) - “PPK Village Council” (village The memory of the Paris Commune was transferred to rural settlements). Mechanism for consolidating settlements since 2005 since 2005
The idea of creating a single district in 2004 In 2004, the Administration of the Borsky District considered the issue of granting the municipal formation "Borsky District" the status of a single district. For this purpose, from July 12 to July 25, 2004, signatures were collected in the Borsky district in support of the legislative initiative to give the Borsky district the status of an urban district. The initiative to endow the Borsky district with this status was supported by residents of the Borsky district, that is, 57.9% of the number of residents with the right to vote.
The idea of creating a single district in 2004, the Zemsky Assembly and the administration of the Borsky district adopted Resolutions 70 of June 30, 2004 “On the legislative initiative of the population” and 71 of June 30, 2004 “On the legislative initiative to adopt the Law of the Nizhny Novgorod Region “On Approval of the Boundary of the Municipal Formation” Borsky district and granting it the status of an urban district"
Structure of the Borsky district after the consolidation of settlements (since 2005) Population of the district - 120 thousand people Government bodies: - 1 district administration - 1 city administration and 8 village council administrations. The number of management bodies is 398 people. (increased by 29)
City of Bor residents Kantaurovsky village council of residents Krasnoslobodskaya village council of residents Village Council of Memory of the Paris Commune of residents Lindovsky village council of residents Sitnikovsky village council of residents Ostankino village council of residents Yamnovsky village council of residents Redkinsky village council of residents Separate settlements in the region
Formation of revenues of local budgets (districts and settlements) in accordance with Article 57 of the Federal Law 131 Standard of deductions (% of the total tax) Types of taxes RegionSettlements (urban and rural) Personal income tax 2010 Land tax-100 Property tax for individuals -100 Property tax for legal entities 50 -
City of Bor Solid waste disposal, sewerage Kantaurovsky village council water supply, solid waste disposal Krasnoslobodskaya village council gasification, water supply Village Council in Memory of the Paris Commune solid waste disposal Lindovsky village council Gasification, water supply, heating, solid waste disposal Sitnikovsky village council water supply, solid waste disposal Ostankino village council Gasification, water supply, heating, roads Yamnovsky village council gasification Redkinsky village council Gasification, solid waste disposal Main problems of settlements
1. Lack of financial resources to ensure powers; low level of infrastructure development and improvement in most settlements. Among the main problems: - in the city of Bor - disposal of solid waste million rubles, completion of the city's sewerage system 360 million rubles. -in the Lindovsky village council - gasification 31.8 million rubles, water supply 18.6 million rubles, heat supply 46.8 million rubles. -in the Sitnikovsky village council - solid waste disposal 70 million rubles, water supply 66.4 million rubles. -in the Kanturovsky village council - water supply 28 million rubles, solid waste disposal 70 million rubles. -in the Krasnoslobodsky village council - gasification 62 million rubles, water supply 24 million rubles. -in the Redkinsky village council - gasification 31.1 million rubles, recycling of solid waste 70 million rubles. -in the Ostankino village council - gasification 43.5 million rubles, water supply 6.2 million rubles, heat supply 35 million rubles. -in the Yamnovsky village council - gasification 24 million rubles. -in the village council of Memory of the Parisian Commune - recycling of solid waste 84 million rubles. Main problems of settlements
2. As powers are transferred, there will be a need to significantly increase the staff of settlement administrations and create services: - finance, - economics, - architecture, - municipal order, - property management, - management of culture and sports. Main problems of settlements
Consolidation of all settlements of the Borsky municipal district into a single municipal entity with the status of an urban district. Borsky district is a single municipal entity after the unification of all settlements. In 2004, Borsky district is a single municipal entity =
According to a similar scheme, transformation has already been carried out in the following cities. From January 1, 2006, the Domodedovo district of the Moscow region was given the status of a city district. On May 27, 2007, the Yeisk city district was formed in the Krasnodar Territory in the Belgorod region. In 2007, two city districts were created on the basis of municipal districts - Gubkin and Stary Oskol. In June 2008, a similar referendum took place in the city of Novomoskovsk, Tula Region. A similar vote is scheduled for October 2009 in the Nevelsky district of the Sakhalin region
World experience In European countries (Denmark, Germany, Sweden, etc.) in the period from 1962 to 1975, there was also a significant reduction in the number of municipalities (municipalities, communes) due to their consolidation. For example, in Sweden from 1962 to 1995 the number of municipalities decreased by almost 10 times: from 2500 to 288. The unification of municipalities in Europe was caused by similar reasons - a deficit of local budgets, the lack of their own revenue sources, and the personnel problem of municipalities.
The effect of merging settlements Improved controllability, optimization of budget policy (a single budget that takes into account the interests of all territories) Optimization of the management structure, reduction of the cost of maintaining the apparatus (reduction of the management apparatus in comparison with the existing level) Increasing the investment potential of the territory
The effect of merging settlements The amount of costs for organizing and conducting voting will be 2 million rubles. The reduction in management costs as a result of the reforms will amount to more than 27 million rubles. These funds can be used to carry out the following types of work: Construction of a road with the installation of a road curb - 5 km Construction of a road without a curb - 7.5 km Construction of a gas pipeline with a diameter of 100 mm - 33 km Construction of a water pipeline with a diameter of 100 mm - 23 km Construction of a power line - 33 km Housing construction m2
Territorial departments of the district administration in the form of legal entities Linda – population people. Kantaurovo – people. Sitniki – people. Krasnaya Sloboda – people. Redkino – people. Ostankino – people. Yamnovo – people PPK - people
Representative bodies Today in the region there are 80 deputies of village councils 17 deputies of the City Duma (established number of 20 deputies) 22 deputies of the Zemsky Assembly (established number of 24 deputies) A total of 119 deputy mandates (established number of 124 deputies) After the transformation, the number of deputies will be 36 people who will be elected by district to the new representative body of the district - the Council of Deputies
During the transformation, all benefits for rural residents are preserved. When all rural municipalities are united together with the city of Bor, the boundaries of settlements do not change. Only the name of the formed municipality and the form of its administrative-territorial structure change. Since rural areas are understood as rural settlements, and not rural municipalities, all existing measures of social support for certain categories of citizens working and living in rural areas will be preserved. According to the letter of the Government of the Nizhny Novgorod Region dated November 1, 2008 / “On measures of social support for certain categories of citizens”
During the transformation, all benefits for rural residents are preserved. All measures of social support for payment for housing, heating and lighting for teaching staff of educational institutions, employees of state regional and municipal institutions of health care, culture, social services, veterinary services, working and living in rural areas, provided in accordance with with the laws of the Nizhny Novgorod region of November 29, 2004 “On measures of social support for certain categories of citizens for paying for housing, heating and lighting”, dated November 30, 2007 “On measures of social support for teaching staff of educational institutions working and living in rural areas and workers’ settlements Nizhny Novgorod region" are preserved.
During the transformation, all benefits for rural residents are preserved. When all village councils and the city are united into a single municipal entity with the status of an urban district, all tax benefits and tariffs for housing and communal services for rural residents are preserved.
Electricity tariff rates in accordance with the Decision of the Regional Tariff Service of the Nizhny Novgorod Region dated November 24, 2008 36/14 Population living in urban areas Single-rate base tariff 1.9 rubles/kWh Single-rate economically justified tariff 3.4 rubles/kW. h Population living in rural settlements Single-rate base tariff 1.33 rub./kWh Single-rate economically justified tariff 2.38 rub./kWh Since the status of settlements does not change during the merger (they are preserved), the tariff policy for urban and rural population will act the same as now
Initiative of the Zemsky Assembly and Administration At a meeting of the Zemsky Assembly on June 30, 2009, Decision 51 was adopted “On the initiative to transform the municipalities that are part of the Borsky municipal district,” thus the Zemsky Assembly and the administration of the Borsky district took the initiative to transform the settlements of the Borsky district through unification the city of Bor with village councils and granting the established settlement the status of an urban district. To date, this initiative has been approved by the decisions of the City Duma of the city of Bor and all rural councils of settlements in the region. Public hearings on this issue will also be held in all settlements in the near future
List of authorized representatives 1. Yusov Nikolai Nikolaevich - honorary citizen of the Borsky district. 2. Danilov Vladimir Sergeevich - Chairman of the Veterans Council, honorary citizen of the Borsky district. 3.father Alexy (Parfenov) – Dean of the Borsky district. 4. Lebedev Pavel Grigorievich - President of the Bor Association of Commodity Producers, General Director of CJSC "Bor Silicate Plant", Deputy of the Zemsky Assembly of the Bor District 5. Mirgorodskaya Elena Evgenievna - Chairman of the Youth Public Chamber of the Bor District, Head of the Public Relations Department of JSC AGC Borsky glass factory" 6. Lezov Nikolay Nikolaevich - director of Municipal Educational Institution Secondary School 10, member of the Public Chamber of the Nizhny Novgorod Region. 7.Molodkin Alexey Vasilievich – pensioner. 8. Eliseev Valery Petrovich - Head of the Nizhny Novgorod River School named after. I.P. Kulibina, member of the Public Chamber of the Nizhny Novgorod Region. 9. Olga Aleksandrovna Kindeeva – director of the Krasnoslobodsky Palace of Culture. 10. Margarita Alekseevna Kupriyanova – Chairman of the Council of Veterans of the village of Zheleznodorozhny. 11.Kashin Valery Aleksandrovich – director of the Municipal Educational Institution Kantaurovskaya Secondary School. 12. Surkov Konstantin Ivanovich – former. head of the Lindovsky village council. 13. Balbekova Nadezhda Vasilievna – director of the Redkinskaya Secondary School. 14. Lyudmila Fedorovna Sokova – director of the Ostankino Secondary School. 15. Fomicheva Valentina Vladimirovna – specialist of the 1st category of the Yamnovsky administration, former. Head of the Ivanovo rural administration. 16. Dmitriev Gennady Petrovich – deputy of the village council of the PPK, pensioner, former director of the SSRZ PPK. 17. Vera Polikarpovna Zamashkina – chairman of the trade union of trade workers. 18. Yashkova Tatyana Ivanovna – chairman of the trade union of healthcare workers. 19. Natalya Vadimovna Solyaninova – chief accountant of the finance department of the Borsky district administration 20. Irina Vladimirovna Maslennikova – deputy of the village council of the PPK.
Locality (settlement) –
a place where people live
Name the main ones
types of settlements
Rural
settlements
Cities
MEET:
BETWEEN 78°N and 54°S
AT ALTITUDE up to 5300 m
1. What is the difference between rural settlements and
urban?
2. Name the features of rural and
urban settlements. RURAL
SETTLEMENTS
VILLAGE
- one of the types of rural settlements.In Russia this is a large peasant settlement
with the church. Features of rural settlements
1.Various in size and appearance
(village and hamlet, ranch and hacienda, village and hamlet,
aul and kishlak). These also include country houses
villages, settlements of fishermen and lumberjacks.
2. On the plains they occupy freely, and in the mountains -
compactly crowded together.
3. People's lives are more connected with nature.
4. Settlements are small in size.
5. Low houses predominate.
6. Residents are engaged in agriculture, forestry, and hunting.
7. About ½ of the Earth's population lives in them.
Why lately
the proportion of people is decreasing
living in rural areas? Name the characteristic differences between rural
settlements of different types
Village
And
Village
Ranch
And
Farm
Aul
And
Village
Rural settlements are varied in both size and appearance.
Kishlak (translated from Turkic as winter quarters) -rural settlement in Central Asia.
Initially
that's the name
wore winter huts
nomads and
semi-nomads.
The village is a small rural settlement.
Village - small ruralsettlement.
Ranch - large cattle farm in the USA
Ranch - Large Cattlefarm in USA
Khutor is a rural settlement. In the Kuban, Don and Ukraine, settlements outside villages and villages.
Khutor is a rural settlement.In Kuban, Don and Ukraine
settlement outside villages and villages. CITIES
CITY
- a large populated area whose residentsmainly employed in industry and
trade, as well as in the service sectors,
management, science, culture.
The status of a city is determined by the state
legislation. In different countries, the criteria
by which this status is determined are different
(population size, placement of organs
controls, etc.) City -
populated area, most of the inhabitants
which is not occupied by agriculture
The first cities arose in the 3rd - 1st thousand BC. V
different regions of the Earth: China, Mesopotamia,
Egypt.
Their true age is usually a mystery. Some
cities claim to be the most ancient: Jericho,
Damascus, Bible. These cities were continuously inhabited
since the Copper Age. Features of cities
1. Cities have higher population densities.
2. Multi-storey buildings and high buildings.
3. City dwellers are engaged in work not related to agriculture
farming
4. Cities play a major role in economic, cultural and
political life of the country.
5. The more developed the country, the higher the share of urban
population (more urbanized).
6. Cities vary in population and perform
various functions (roles).
7. Within cities, certain zones are distinguished:
industrial, residential, transport, historical and cultural.
Why are urban areas divided into
certain areas?
Types of cities by population:
MILLIONAIRELARGE (more than 100 thousand people)
AVERAGE
SMALL
Considered large
city with number of inhabitants
more than 100 thousand
Today in the world there are such
There are about 4000 cities.
They are home to ¾
world population Types of cities by function:
Industrial
Cultural
centers
Port Transport
nodes
Cities
Sciences
Multifunctional
(administrative centers)
Cities perform different functions in the life of countries. The main city of each country is the capital.
CENTRALPLACES
INDUSTRY
CENTERS
CAPITAL
UNOFFICIAL
CAPITAL CITIES
CENTERS OF THE REPUBLICS,
STATES, REGIONS
AND SO ON.
DISTRICT CENTERS
INDUSTRIAL
TRANSPORT
CITIES OF SCIENCE
TOURIST
CENTERS
RESORT CITIES Urban population growth,
million people
Urbanization –
increasing the role of cities and
urban spread
lifestyle
Urbanization features:
1.
Increase in numbers
urban population.
2. Increase in quantity
cities.
3. Increase in area
cities.
3500
3000
2500
2000
1500
1000
500
0
3200
2260
1820
29
225
730
1800 1900 1950 1980 1990 2005
year year year year year year
What happens to the number of citizens
in the world?
Using atlas maps
"Share of urban population" and
“PC of the world”, give examples
most highly urbanized
and poorly urbanized countries.
Urban agglomeration is a union of settlements (mainly urban) connected to each other by intensive
Urban agglomeration -unification of settlements (mainly
urban manner) related
intense with each other
production, labor,
cultural, everyday and
recreational connections. There are now more than 450 in the world
agglomerations with a population of over 1 million.
Human.
As a rule, agglomerations are formed
around one center - the largest city
(Moscow, Paris).
Sometimes agglomerations stretch for hundreds of kilometers along
sea shores.
The largest agglomeration in the world is Tokyo (Tokyo) in
Japan, which has a population of more than 37 million people.
What is characteristic of the Tokyo metropolitan area?
A megalopolis is a large form of settlement formed as a result of the unification of urban agglomerations with each other.
Megalopolis is a largeform of settlement formed
as a result of the merger of urban
agglomerations with each other.
City zones
The difference between the urban lifestyle and the rural lifestyle
Sphere of lifeLiving conditions
Which houses predominate?
Classes
What do most of them do?
population?
Rhythm of life
What is the rhythm of life?
calm or fast?
Is it related to natural
rhythms?
Movement
What does it travel on?
most of the population?
Communication
Nutrition
What products
predominate in the diet?
Rural settlements
Cities
Description of the presentation by individual slides:
1 slide
Slide description:
2 slide
Slide description:
Purpose of the work: to find out what the main functions of the village are and what role it plays in preserving the nation and solving the demographic problem. Suggest your solutions. The fundamental question: why is the village “dying” and is it necessary to change the situation? Hypothesis: without the revival of the village there can be no revival of Russia. These are its roots, reliable support and rear. The fields are ending their lives under the terrible chariot, Which the spirit of the century has taken up arms against them, And capital after capital is pulling out its tentacles, To suck out the remnants of their former strength. E. Verhari
3 slide
Slide description:
Types of settlements. Functions of rural areas. Village problems. Ways to solve problems. Where is the problem coming from? Our reality. Non-standard solution. Sociological survey. Conclusions on the topic.
4 slide
Slide description:
Settlement is the process of settling a territory. The result of this process is the totality of settlements in a given territory Types of settlements: urban rural In 2002, 96 million people lived in 1098 cities of Russia, and 39 million people lived in 142 thousand rural settlements. Thus, the average size of a city is about 90 thousand people, and a Russian village is 270 people, i.e. almost 350 times less. So should you pay attention to it? In total, there are 155,289 rural settlements in Russia, including 13,086 without population. Region Share of urban population in % Share of rural. population in% 1. Northern region 76 24 2. North-Western region 87 13 3. Central region 83 17 4. Volga-Vyatsky region 70 30 5. Central - Chernozem region 62 38 6. Volga region 73 27 7. North - Caucasian district 56 44 8. Ural region 75 25 9. West Siberian region 71 29 10. East Siberian region 71 29 11. Far Eastern region 76 24 12. Kaliningrad region 78 22
5 slide
Slide description:
Types of settlements: urban, rural Cities (population of at least 12 thousand people and 70% are not employed in agriculture). There are 1842 of them in total. Urban-type settlements (population 3 - 12 thousand people) village (1 - 2 thousand people, not far from the city with enterprises for the industrial processing of products of peasant labor: (mills, sawmills) village (several tens and hundreds individual houses, occupation - agriculture, crafts, village (Cossack rural unit, consists of one or more settlements - these are hamlets, villages), up to 50 thousand people or more hamlet (an extremely small settlement; a separate peasant estate with a separate farm, about 10 buildings) kishlak (the name of a village in Central Asia, surrounded by a fence with a well and no sewage system) aul (settlement in the Caucasus mountains)
6 slide
Slide description:
production of agricultural products and their processing, forestry, hunting, fishing; picking berries, mushrooms, medicinal plants; rest in recreational areas (in summer, summer residents, tourists); environmental significance (creation of national parks, reserves); small industrial enterprises (dairies, flax plants, fruit and vegetable canning enterprises); transport functions (stations, piers). (People go to many of them only seasonally)
7 slide
Slide description:
Entire villages are simply dying: the young left for the city from a hopeless village, the old gradually lived out their lives. According to the results of the latest population census, it is necessary to edit the map of Russia, removing hundreds of rural settlements from it. The people in them have long since drunk themselves to death, are indifferent to everything, have lost the incentive to work, and most importantly, have lost the knowledge, skills and abilities accumulated in the age-old agrarian tradition of Rus'.
8 slide
Slide description:
unemployment; weak household and social structure; young people leave; the population is degrading (alcoholism, crime); boring and monotonous life; no job, no prospects.
Slide 9
Slide description:
Stalin I.V. (1924 - 1953) As a result, we met the 91st year without ideology and without food Liquidation of churches Collectivization, repression, the race to “exceed plans” It was exiled from the villages only in 1931 - 2.5 million, 120 thousand. men were arrested, 20 thousand were shot. 8 million people died of starvation. The rest were plump from hunger and ate surrogates. The country's breeding herd was eliminated and the size of vegetable gardens was reduced. “Imposition” of corn, removal of livestock from personal plots Khrushchev N.S. (1955 – 1964) Andropov A.V. (1982 – 1984)
10 slide
Slide description:
Love for the native land and knowledge of history are the basis for the growth of spiritual culture. Each bygone village is a bygone world, irreplaceable, with its own way of life, traditions, and destinies. But the most important thing is the people born here. For each of them, this is first and foremost their homeland. We must remember, appreciate and love our history, our small homeland.
11 slide
Slide description:
improving the quality of life of the population; formation of a healthy lifestyle; gasification of populated areas; creation of infrastructure (roads, shops, communications); improvement of the service sector (health care, culture, education); construction of housing, schools, kindergartens; development of the economy, provision of jobs; restoration of the economy and provision of modern equipment; construction of mini-enterprises for processing agricultural products; road construction; government program for the development of small businesses in rural areas at low interest rates; provision of housing for young families and professionals.
12 slide
Slide description:
Priority national project (PNP) “Development of the agro-industrial complex (AIC)” and allocated to a separate subprogram “Stimulating the development of small businesses”. State program “Development of agriculture and regulation of markets for agricultural products, raw materials and food for 2008-2012”, approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated July 14, 2007 No. 446. Concept for the development of rural credit cooperation, approved by the Minister of Agriculture of the Russian Federation dated March 23, 2006. - Target program of the Moscow Region “Development of small and medium-sized businesses in the Moscow region for 2009-2012”, approved by the Government of the Moscow Region in 2008. Similar programs have been adopted in all constituent entities of the Russian Federation. Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of April 28, 2006 N 250 “On the procedure for providing subsidies from the federal budget to the budgets of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation for carrying out measures to improve the living conditions of citizens living in rural areas.” http://msh.mosreg.ru/main - official website of the Ministry of Agriculture
Slide 13
Slide description:
One of the Russian problems is the social sphere and the “children’s” problem related to it. What funds are needed to support orphanages? How to raise these children not as consumers, but as creators? Children who are initially difficult to socialize in orphanages are ultimately deprived of any adaptation to the world around them. They leave orphanages, often without a profession capable of feeding them. They often don't even know how to serve themselves. Insufficient development of the agricultural sector of the economy. Moreover, this problem has two sides: social (the gradual degradation of the countryside) and economic (the state does not have the ability to support and protect domestic producers). Nobody wants to work in a risky farming area.
Slide 14
Slide description:
The agricultural sector of the economy is certainly trying to rise: this is evidenced by some collective farms, revived by their directors, strong business executives, and small farms. Now rare pockets of resurgent agricultural production are generating enthusiastic reactions in the media. What is most dangerous in the current situation is that there are no young people and children left in the village, so that in twenty years the beginning revival of the village will not fade away. What if a standard orphanage is moved to a rural area? And if with the help of sponsors, in each region there is a rich enterprise or specific people who are able to provide all possible assistance - to purchase “barnyard” and seeds and seedlings for the garden? Allocate unused land! Invite people who would like to work on the land and with children?
15 slide
Slide description:
pupils will provide themselves with food for the winter; budget money will be “freed up” for the purchase of clothing and repairs; you will have your own free funds from the sale of agricultural products; employee salaries will increase; These are additional jobs for village residents; increasing the number of school classes; there will be no need to disband the school; children will gain skills to work on the land; these are potential villagers; pupils will receive satisfaction from the results of their work; working with animals will calm the traumatized psyche of children; Most of the pupils’ free time will be occupied (the number of offenses will decrease).
16 slide
Slide description:
To do this, you need to create: a library, clubs, clubs, workshops. An orphanage needs to be located in dying villages. The organization of a rural orphanage in a village gives new life not only to a dying rural school, but also to the village itself. This village should become the cultural center of its area.
Slide 17
Slide description:
1. Would you go to live in the countryside? yes - 9 people no – 21 people 2. What’s bad in the village? we don’t believe that it will be as they say -12 people. It’s not interesting to live there – 7 people. not prestigious – 4 people. will have to work a lot - 3 people. I don’t want my own farm – 3 people. lack of amenities in the house – 1 person. 3. Under what conditions would you go to the village? - Palace of Culture, with sections and discos – 11 people. Availability of housing – 6 people. I have a job, enough money to support my family – 4 people. there are schools, kindergartens - 2 people. if friends are going, for a group – 3 people. life will be like in the city - 2 people. the state will help develop your business - 2 people. The survey shows that children in an orphanage get used to living “with everything ready” and are simply consumers of the benefits that the state gives them.
18 slide
Slide description:
As a result of the implementation of this project, we will achieve improved adaptation of children from orphanages to modern conditions, forming them into successful and intelligent people who respect the country that raised them, on the one hand, and the targeted revival of the village, populating it with just such people and the restoration of the agricultural sector of the economy, on the other hand. the other side. But this is not so little! After all, the village is the cradle of Russian civilization.
Slide 19
Slide description:
The program was developed by the initiative group of the settlement of Family Estates “New Way” in the Prokopyevsky district of the Kemerovo region. Goals and objectives of the Program: 1.Creation of living conditions on the principles of self-sufficiency. 2. Affordable housing in rural areas, built by future residents. 3. Raising a healthy morally and physically young generation. 4. Caring for the Earth through extensive organic farming. 5. Obtaining environmentally friendly products. 6. Increasing the prestige of living in rural areas. Main activities of the Program 1. Allocation of sites on the basis of abandoned villages. 2. “Filling” villages with conscious, urban, highly qualified volunteers. 3. Construction of individual housing. 4. Organization of the educational process by building our own education system. 5. Building the economy of the settlement. 6. Organization of cultural and leisure activities of the settlement.
Slide description:
We Russian people, some earlier, some later, left the village. Some were seduced by the city's prosperity, some to avoid repression, some to give their children an education. This means that the responsibility for the revival of the village lies with all of us. Whoever can, in whom the Russian and Christian spirit is alive, must, must, stop this “wheel” of rural devastation, destroying Russian space, devouring the nation’s future. The revival of the village is the revival of Russia. Let's revive the village - let's revive the root that nourishes the spirit and body of the nation.
22 slide
Slide description:
After all, right before our eyes, the “village Atlantis” is plunging somewhere faster, somewhere slower into oblivion. The earth is tired of carrying this careless tribe, tormenting it with drunken plows and thoughtless land reclamation, cutting down forests and littering rivers and lakes with the waste of their activities. The earth throws it off its body, the Lord does not give procreation (demographic problem). Empty arable lands and hayfields are overgrown with alder - a green healing plaster. The earth is waiting for a real owner to be reborn to a new life.
Slide 23
Slide description:
1. “Agenda 21: global strategy for sustainable development” UN. - Rio de Janeiro, 1992. 2. Levshunov G.V. “Scientific justification for a 1-hectare household plot as an optimal land plot in rural areas.” - Gomel, 2004. 3. Gilman R. “Ecovillages and sustainable settlements” - Moscow, 2000. 4. Mazurkevich V.N. “From collective gardening to ecological settlements” - Minsk, 2001. 5. Leskov L.V. “Synergetic modeling of the future of Russia // Theory of foresight and the future” M., 1997. 6. Moiseev N.N. “Does Russia have a future?” M., 1997 Yakovets Yu.V. “History of Civilizations” M., 1997 http://www.kp.ru/daily/ http://www.google.ru http://msh.mosreg.ru/main
“Man and his activities” - Labor. Right to work. Teaching. Laziness. Glossary. Interaction. Contents of the activity. Main activities. Man and his activities. A game. Labeling table. Purpose of the activity. Activity. Human life. Dynamic system. External conditions.
“Game activity” - Didactic games; Business games; Game situations; Non-standard forms of lessons; Education: Moscow State Academy of Physical Culture, 1997. Competitive programs - Specially organized competitions in any type of activity. Thematic games for life safety lessons. Results of educational activities.
“Human activity and its diversity” - The essence and structure of activity. Activities. Activity. The form of existence of human society. What drives human activity. The concept of "activity". Classification of activities. Creative activity. Needs and interests. Human activity and its diversity. Means of achievement.
“Activity and personality” - Game time. Moral. Work. The concept of personality. The personality of each person. A game. Personality structures. Kind of activity. Activities. Abstract model. Model of dynamic structure. Category social. Activity. Activity and personality. Number of movements. The process of human creation of material and spiritual values.
“Human activity” - Predictive activity. Interests. Practical activities (aimed at changing the environment). Needs. Social attitudes. Activity. Cognitive activity. Fill in the missing word. Result. Value-oriented activities. Beliefs. The result does not meet the goal.
“Leisure time at school” - Choosing forms of organizing the event. Sports and tourism events. Tasks of the class teacher. Functions. Folk art festivals. Organization of leisure time. Holidays of creativity. Holidays of fantasy and science fiction. Forms of educational work in the organization of leisure. Forms of leisure communication. Peculiarity.
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Rural settlements. Rural population
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Rural settlements are those located in rural areas, that is, in areas outside urban settlements. People living in rural settlements form the rural population of the country. Now it is 37 million people (26% of the total population of the country)
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The main reason for the decline in the number of rural settlements is the development of urbanization.
Slide 5
In the years between the 1989 and 2002 censuses, for the first time in many decades, the number of rural residents and their share began to increase slightly. This growth was due to two reasons. Due to difficulties in the development of the country's economy during this period, a certain part of the townspeople moved to the countryside. Life here did not require such large expenses as in the city, and private farming allowed one to provide oneself with many food products
Slide 6
In addition, at this time there was a rapid growth of the rural population in the south of the European part of the country due to high natural growth in the national republics. At the same time, after the collapse of the USSR, many migrants from the CIS countries came here. Now the influence of these factors in the growth of the rural population in the country has decreased and it has begun to decline again.
Slide 7
Like cities, rural communities vary in population size. The majority of residents (55%) work in agriculture.
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FUNCTIONS of rural settlements Agricultural: Agricultural and livestock farming Mixed Non-agricultural: Transport, recreational, forestry
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Despite the variety of functions performed by rural settlements, the features of their geography primarily depend on natural conditions. Therefore, natural zoning is clearly evident in the distribution of the rural population.
Slide 10
Migration of the population of RUSSIA
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What is population migration called? Immigration Emigration
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In the 20th century In Russia there were several periods of forced migration of the population, when people changed their place of residence against their wishes. A significant number of Russians left the country after the October Revolution of 1917. In the 1930-50s, during the period of repression, a huge number of prisoners were sent to the European North, Siberia, and the Far East. Their labor was used to develop natural resources in remote areas with harsh natural conditions. Entire entire peoples were expelled from their homes to Siberia and the Far East, Kazakhstan and Central Asia: Chechens and Ingush, Kalmyks and Karachais, Germans and Greeks.
Slide 14
Migration can change not only the geography and population of individual parts of the country, but also the national, religious, and age composition of their inhabitants.
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There are a lot of types of migration, they are distinguished according to different characteristics. Main characteristics
reasons that motivate people to migrate, duration of migration, direction of migration.
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BY MIGRATION DURATION
TEMPORARY PERMANENTS
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BY DIRECTION OF MIGRATION
external internal
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External migration
Emigration is leaving the country, moving to another country temporarily or permanently. Immigration is the entry into a country for permanent or temporary residence of residents of other countries.
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The further development of Russia, with its declining population, makes it vitally important to attract migrants from other countries. The concept of Russia's demographic policy assumes in 2025 to ensure a migration increase of more than 300 thousand people per year.
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Internal migrations
Seasonal Pendulum – daily trips to work from one locality to another Temporary
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Internal migrations
These are migrations within Russia between different districts, regions, and settlements. These migrations change the population of individual areas, but not the country as a whole.
Slide 22
The main driving force behind internal migration is the desire of people to improve their living conditions. The main reasons holding back internal migration are expensive transport and housing.
Slide 23
Throughout the 20th century, migrants were attracted to the European North and the Asian part of Russia. Valuable natural resources were mined here. People who worked in these areas were paid high wages, they were provided with housing, and they retired earlier. Now the picture has changed: many enterprises are closed, the improvement of settlements has worsened. Therefore, a rapid outflow of population from the north and east to the European part of the country began. At the turn of the 20th–21st centuries, the Far East lost about 900 thousand people, the European North - more than 300 thousand, Eastern Siberia - 200 thousand people
