in Kirov, Sivaya village
from 3.11.10 to 7.11.10
Presenter - Roman Ponomarev

Ponomareva Elena
Kirov, village Gray
tel.89091314554

Revelation.

At this seminar, I learned four new crafts, through crafts I began to see what state I am in now, whether I am the mistress of my life or not. Concentration at the beginning was strong, but in the process of knitting on the reed of the belt there were such glitches that you are simply amazed at how many thoughts you have that are not your own, any mistake in the ornament - again working out the mistake, the craft helps so much!
I learned how to tie knots with a needle, without the first knot. I thought it was impossible to do this. It turned out it was possible. Whether I was tracking thoughts for myself or not, when it was for myself, my heels were already heating up. I saw that by using crafts and creating everything with your own hands you can live in abundance. Previously, I treated little things differently, I even hated them, but now I realized how important and significant they are, that in any craft, every little thing is of great importance. Little things add up to big things.
And in the morning when I woke up, I rested my hand and it was tingling and the thought came to me that I would now remove it with a simple exhalation and it turned out, hurray.
I also felt the strength from the bauble, which I knitted myself on boards; when you take it off your hand, your hand becomes a little weaker, not like wearing a bauble.

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Seminar “Craft as a way of life”
In Kirov, Sivaya village
from 3.11.2010 to 7.11.2010
Presenter - Roman Ponomarev

Zorina Svetlana
Kirov
tel.89226620775

Revelation.

I was the hostess at this seminar. Through this I viewed my vision of myself and interaction with the world. In the teaching part (I taught weaving on reeds, on cards), I also discovered a lot for myself.
It was also great when we made each other’s necklaces and spoons, and then we switched places, the guys started weaving laces, and we went to sand the spoons. At first I didn’t see my spoon at all, there was some piece of wood in my hand, and I was rubbing it with paper. And in general, all the spoons seemed the same. But how great it was to see her! And understand that this spoon is the one and only.
I saw how important it is not to fall into euphoria, because then everything around you changes. I looked at what it means to live my life from a new perspective. Cool seminar!

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“Craft as a way of life”
Sivaya village
November 3 - November 7, 2010
Hosted by Roman Ponomarev.

Kalinina Yulia Viktorovna
Tel.89195087325

Revelations.

This is my third seminar. Big changes are happening in my life. At the seminar I feel the strength, the strength of my life. The craft opened up to me in a completely different way than it had before. Now for me craft is the basis of my life. I learned to see, hear myself, be in a master's state and monitor my condition. The most important thing for me is that fears and problems are worked through through the craft. I reveal my abilities and capabilities .

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Seminar “Craft as a Way of Life”
Sivaya village 3.11-7.11.2010
Roman Ponomarev

Kuznetsov Vitaly
89127301950

Revelations.

While studying at the seminar these days, I felt that I had opened one more door in my head. Craft is a powerful thing, looking around I see people, and everything else is either nature or the result of craft, I don’t want to talk about living and nonliving things in this sentence, I just realized that craft is an integral part of our life. And before, I was attracted to do something with my own hands, but it was not so bright, bright in terms of the feeling of the craft. Now I want to do everything, I saw the joy that comes from my actions and it's great. I want to build a house, I started building it before the seminar, but now I see what power there is in building a house, I know how to build it from the foundation to the last nail, because I know that if a problem arises, the house itself will tell me how to solve it. I would like to tell you one example: just before the seminar, on the site where I started laying the foundation, not a single truck could pass and bring material, the construction was standing still, it seems to me that the house did not allow further work on it, because I was not doing it in a master’s condition , not for myself. But now I'm going to resolve this issue. The craft helped me see a lot in myself, look at things from the side of the owner of my life. It opened up new ways of knowing oneself. I am very glad that I attended this seminar.

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Seminar “Craft as a way of life”
November 3-7, 2010
Sivaya village, Kirov
Presenter: Roman Ponomarev

Smyshlyaev Alexander
Kirov, st. Sovetskaya, 73-100
[email protected]
89536798318

Revelation

A very strong seminar. I saw the craft as an opportunity to completely improve my life. I was doing a lot of things for the first time, so I had various doubts and thoughts. Asking yourself the question “Who am I now for myself” helped a lot, which returns you to a master’s state. I saw how unfinished things draw strength. I saw a clear difference in what you do for yourself and for someone unknown - just to do it. I was engaged in making a tool at the seminar and began to view it as the basis of life - it’s like a house, the earth, the bones of the body... Even at the seminar I forged, I felt a great craving and desire, but at the same time there were problems. I learned how to weave belts on berds, cut spoons and sewed straps for arms. I realized how important it is to be here and now, to see what you are doing. Craft is one of the most powerful ways to edit your Life.
I also saw that any result can be expanded and made better - and that the craft itself shows us our condition - with cuts, an incorrect bend, a tangled thread, or vice versa - with the result from which the soul sings.
The seminar was clearly structured and I especially liked the fact that the practice was given to work through what gets in the way of the craft through the very doing of the thing.
Even now I will keep track of where the state is going “at the seminar” and “after the seminar”.

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Seminar “Craft as a way of life”
Venue: Sivaya village
November 3-7, 2010
Presenter Roman Ponomarev

Badin Vladimir Vladimirovich
T.:8-909-134-46-44
Email address: [email protected]

Revelation.

This seminar revealed to me that our whole life is essentially a craft. And the fact that through craft I can remove pain from my soul, I can constantly be in a master’s state. Through craft you can open your vision of the world, the vision of other people, through craft you can see your soulmate. The seminar showed me that things need to be completed, and not left for later; a completed task gives a powerful surge of strength. If you do something for yourself, then a strong interest flares up - you begin to get joy from the business, and time begins to flow by unnoticed. These four days just flew by in an instant.
After this seminar, a desire to live and act appeared. I began to pay more attention to the little things, but it’s the little things that make up our lives.

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Once upon a time, potters, blacksmiths, and spinners were in demand, and their work was vital. Over time, such crafts became irrelevant, and the knowledge accumulated over centuries went “underground”

Today we are increasingly returning to our roots and trying to resurrect the experience of folk craftsmen. And if what was initially just a hobby begins to delight and surprise others, then over time it brings profit. Let’s find out together with ForumHouse what crafts and trades are relevant today and what you can earn extra money on!

Articles:

Ancient crafts and trades are a good help in the household. Our forum members, who create wooden furniture, forged railings and pottery with their own hands, are convinced of this.

Pliable clay, recognized by the experienced hands of a master, passed through fire and water and became a milk jug, a coffee set, a beautiful tile or a fun toy... Pottery masters share the secrets of the magical transformation of clay into household utensils.

How to turn boring plain fabrics into bright fabrics with a unique pattern, is it possible to give a second life to a boring tablecloth and an old dress - masters of ancient Russian craft talk about simple and accessible techniques for hand-painting fabrics.

Forged products can be real masterpieces, giving the house and area a special charm and uniqueness. But if you don't have enough money to buy such items or the skill to forge them yourself, you can learn a simpler craft.

Funny toys, original jewelry, amazing paintings and items of clothing - folk crafts allow you to make a variety of things from wool for yourself, for interior decoration and as gifts for loved ones.

Window trim can tell us many interesting stories. Photographer Ivan Khafizov has been unraveling their secrets for several years.

Baskets, caskets, trays...Whatever has not been woven from wood twigs before! Forum members tell how to make something similar from old newspapers.

Video:

Baking rye bread in a Russian oven. Rye bread is an original Russian product, and you can’t buy it in stores: you can only make yeast-free dough for this bread yourself. Novice baker Oleg Kovsh shared his own sourdough recipe and step-by-step cooking instructions with us. Try it too - and you will recognize the smell and taste of real bread straight from a Russian oven!

Slavic style carving ideas. With my own hands. You can walk around this house for hours, looking at how it is decorated. If you go inside, you will experience no less delight. But all this was done by hand by the owner himself!

Artistic forging . Forged products can add a unique charm to any interior and exterior. We will learn from the famous blacksmith Pavel Kumushkin how to understand the level of skill of a blacksmith, the possibilities of modern artistic forging and the peculiarities of painting forged products.

Tiles. Production and differences. Decorating houses and stoves with tiles is one of the oldest and most beautiful traditions. In order for this decorative element to serve for many years, delighting descendants with color and shape, you need to know the technology of their production and a couple more craft secrets. Try to master these types of crafts!

Crafts at the Festival of Craftsmen. Many visitors to the Festival of Masters expected to see an exhibition related to construction and wooden architecture. But besides this, the guests also managed to immerse themselves in childhood, as if they had found themselves in an old Russian fairy tale. And masters of traditional Russian crafts and artistic crafts helped them in this.

News:

A brutal man creating paintings with a hammer in his hands. A master carver who practices on lead pencils. A hairdresser cutting works of art on his clients... Sometimes an amateur becomes a craftsman, then a Master, a hobby develops into a new business in life and begins to make a profit.

It is difficult to imagine a gala feast, a friendly party or a romantic dinner without a glass of good wine. But good wine, like a precious stone, requires a decent setting, that is, a decent place to store it. And it’s easy to create if you have woodworking or cold forging skills.

Whether you know wood carving or just want to learn this art: in both the first and second cases, you can practice on a more pliable material. See how the Polish designer does it.

Forum thread:

Polishing stone, welding forged products, antique painting... A forum member tells how to make a beautiful and modern fireplace for your home. And even if you don’t know how to work with stone and forge, you will be able to do it!

Everyone sawed out, cursing and puffing, clumsy products during labor lessons. But for some, these efforts did not pass without a trace - now forum users create amazing stands for vases, home decorations and gifts using a school jigsaw!

Artificial stone, like real stone, looks gorgeous, but costs a lot. You can do it yourself, you just need to study the technology. Summer residents share their experiences.

A house decorated with carvings should sing, say forum members. In order for carved products to be made artistically and tastefully, you need to “overcome” the technical side of the issue and hone your sense of rhythm, measure and proportions.

. BlacksmithOF I worked with metal all my life: I was a miller, a welder and, finally, a blacksmith. How this business became his bread, and what is needed to equip a modern mini-forge, a forum member tells in this thread.

From the name of this site it is clear that we are talking about folk crafts, but the texts regularly contain the word craft, which is used in the meaning folk crafts. I, the author, put these two concepts side by side, as synonyms, but let’s figure out together why I came to this conclusion.

Craft

There are many definitions of craft, but they all convey the following content in one way or another: Craft is small handicraft, handicraft. Production of household items, clothing, tools, jewelry and, in general, everything that surrounds a person.

The presence of the word “Small” in this concept confuses me - I get the feeling that such a large-scale phenomenon has a too disparaging adjective attached to it. Don't you agree?

The key words in the concept of craft are handmade! Hands are the main tool of any artisan and these hands allow him to create everything that he and his family need for life (use and sale of manufactured products).

Fishing

The concept of “fishing” is based on the process of extracting something. Salt making industry - salt mining, hunting, fishing and so on. “To trade” means to do something that brings some benefit. Often, any large-scale phenomenon is sooner or later called folk, so I will continue to use the correct phrase - folk crafts.

It is from this moment that I begin to combine both concepts. There is a lot to find fault with here, but if you look a little more broadly, you get the following:

• Craft has long gone beyond the scope of the original concept, and now it is often used as part of phrases related to skillful mastery of any manual activity (even military craft - it’s true, it’s still anti-national!).
• Folk crafts bring benefits, allow people to earn money, in other words, it is a way (again) to feed the family. It turns out that all artisans “make a living” by selling their products at fairs or conducting exchanges with artisans in another industry.
• Fishing, like the extraction of some material, becomes an integral part of handicraft production. For example, during hunting, leather, bone, and wool are obtained - materials from which artisans make products. These same artisans themselves are engaged in the extraction of materials.
• A farmer who has learned to skillfully cultivate the soil and grow something has the right to call his agricultural work a craft.

Do you think the large-scale phenomenon of creating Internet sites can be called a craft or folk craft?

You can think endlessly about which concept is broader, look for points of contact, but this will not change the modern essence of both concepts.

Folk crafts in modern times

Speaking of modernity. Handicrafts should not be confused with objects from the current environment.

Many modern things are far from art, although they have a certain aesthetics and functionality. Today's items have pushed handicrafts onto the shelves of museums and souvenir shops. Natural materials have been replaced by synthetics and plastic. The place of the masters was taken by automatic robots. The era of substitutes!

In the modern world, craftsmen are increasingly beginning to use automated methods for creating products in order to reduce the time it takes to manufacture a product and thereby increase production size. The potter's wheel has an electric drive, the forges are equipped with modern furnaces, and what can we say about woodworking. All this helps current craftsmen increase production volumes and reduce the cost of products.

It turns out that now you can create a series of identical objects. Isn't this a loss of individuality?! A true traditional craftsman will not create a clone, even with all the skill honed over the years, observing traditions, using the same materials and tools. He will still bring a bit of soul to each copy.

In addition, handmade work is more highly valued. Uniqueness is an expensive feature.

Traditional craft

Craft appeared with man as soon as he created his first tool. Of course, at first it was primitive, like consciousness. But later man began to develop thanks to manual production. Developing side by side with art, man changed, the craft changed and became more complex. New products appeared based on human needs, were created from various available materials, were evaluated by time, underwent changes, were tested, changed again, and this continued until the most rational solution appeared. Then the craft became traditional.

Saying “Traditional craft” or “Traditional folk craft” emphasizes the immutability of the production process. A certain unwritten folk law, instruction, rule - a tradition developed by more than one generation of artisans over many centuries, settled and unshakable.

Pay attention to an interesting phenomenon - adherence to the rules of traditional craft, on the one hand, encourages you to create objects the same as hundreds of years ago, but on the other hand, it obliges you to give the objects individuality in search of new forms. Traditional handicraft, despite everything, is developing at the present time, and you and I are determining the path of its development.

Folk arts and crafts

Another concept that blurs the boundary between the concepts of “craft” and “trade”, since both phrases are used in speech: folk artistic crafts and artistic craft. Here we equate created products with art - many creations created by the hands of artisans have the highest artistic value and an off-scale indicator of aesthetic beauty.

If we were talking only about the artistic value of the issue, then the fur trade would become impossible to evaluate from this position - only fur products can be evaluated as the result of the work of an artisan.

I think this is where the branch in the history of crafts came from, which brought folk crafts to the shelves of souvenir shops. Now we see a clear division: beautiful products for contemplation, simple products for use. Just imagine - Dymkovo clay toys are TOYS!!, children played with them! Now they are an accessory, a decorative element that does not yet have a place in every interior. However, it was not children who made the choice between modern factory toys and handmade ones.

In addition, we should not forget the fact that we have lost faith in the supernatural forces in which our ancestors sincerely believed. A very large number of products were made as amulets. The shape and (or) color of the product carried a magical power that could scare away evil spirits or attract good ones, and so on. Few people nowadays attach this meaning even to those products that are available at home. Therefore, traditional crafts are an animation of products, bringing them to life. It’s not for nothing that the expression is often used that the author “puts his soul” into what he creates. Our ancestors charged the products with their sincere belief in the kindness that things bring to the life of its owner. In the modern world, substitutes for sincerity are becoming increasingly difficult to find.

From the history of craft

Speaking about traditions, plunging into history, one cannot help but imagine the life of artisans throughout a long line of time. Handicraft products were widespread in everyday life. The houses have clay, birch bark, wooden dishes, carved furniture, and people wear embroidered clothes. Now it’s difficult to imagine what and how it was before. Little information has been preserved and some of the technology has sunk into oblivion. Nevertheless, what has survived to our time provides a modest opportunity to understand the importance of craft.

In the villages there were several masters (artisans) of different profiles, who provided each other with the necessary things, as well as the rest of the people, even neighboring villages and cities, bringing handicrafts to fairs. "Overseas" trade allowed craftsmen to exchange experience through products.

Crafts and folk arts should not be mixed together. You must clearly understand that although all these are handmade crafts, not every craft is an artistic craft. A separate article has been written about artistic crafts, the contents of which cannot fit into the format of this material. Be sure to check it out.

That's all for me. Good luck!

In contact with

The guide is dedicated to Russian crafts; each craft is described separately.

You will find articles on relevant topics in the following subsections:

What is craft

In short, it is manual labor, work and skill that is used to earn a living. It is difficult to imagine humanity without craft activities.

The concept of craft is multifaceted. Some people believe that creating works of art is no longer a craft. Others consider the profession of, say, an artist or icon painter, poet or actor, a craft.

One way or another, in any business you can achieve artistic and professional heights, but any professional business begins with a simple necessity, then the skill of a craftsman is achieved, and only then it can turn into a widespread production or glorify an individual master who has achieved perfection.

The peoples of Russia have many examples of this. Our lacquer miniatures, trays, Abramtsevo-Kudrin carvings and much more can easily be considered works of art.

Of course, in a craft, a lot depends on personal skill.

In one of the dictionaries we read:

“Russia is characterized by: the use of simple tools, the decisive importance of the personal skill of the artisan, the individual nature of production (the artisan works alone or with a limited number of assistants).”

For what and why

The history of crafts goes back to the beginning of human production; it has gone through a long historical path of development, taking various forms:

• home craft - in a subsistence economy
• craft to order - in conditions of decomposition of subsistence economy
• craft to market

The development and formation of crafts was greatly influenced by climate, geographical location, political and historical factors.

For example, Byzantium enriched the world with Orthodox culture, which in turn had a significant influence on the development of Russian crafts.

The emergence of professional crafts, especially in cities, led to the emergence of a new sphere of production and a new social stratum - urban artisans.

Construction rituals had a great influence on the spread and development of crafts.

In the 19th century in Russia they began to think more and more about creating a “Russian style”, which was supported by the tsarist government.

In 1904, Polenov created the House of Folk Art, and in 1913 the First Fair of Folk Crafts was held. By the way, then the tsarist government found money to pay for the travel of artisans to this exhibition.

In the early 1920s, the development of handicrafts continued, but in the 1930s they were ended. Their revival began only in 1968, when the corresponding party decree was issued and the corresponding organizations were created. But much has already been lost.

Renaissance

Nowadays, there is an active revival of the crafts and trades of the peoples of Russia. There are many examples of this: according to ancient engravings, thanks to Alexander Anatolyevich Baukin, it was revived; Alexander Nikolaevich, together with art critic Viktor Yakovlevich, revived; fishing has been revived in Odoev.

Photo gallery

Synonyms

• class
• profession
• speciality
• skill
• handicraft
• needlework
• Minerva
• fishing
• skill
• vocation
• Banausia

Minerva

In Roman mythology - the goddess of wisdom, art, patroness of artists and artisans. Therefore, this word can be synonymous with the word “craft”.

Banausia

Greek banausia - craft, the practice of science or art as a craft.

Proverbs

People have many proverbs and sayings related to craft:

You can't go wrong with the craft.

Every trade is honest, except theft, and theft is a trade, but not a grain trade.

Craft is the golden breadwinner.

The craft is not a rocker - it won’t weigh on your shoulders.

“When I’m in business, I hide from fun,

When I'm fooling around, I'm fooling around. And mixing these two crafts

There are tons of skilled people,

I’m not one of them.”

A. Griboyedov, “Woe from Wit”

Crafts in our time

The words are often heard that “crafts die and are forgotten.” This is wrong. Of course, some species simply disappear as unnecessary, for example, the production of goose feathers, which no one has been using to write for a long time. But in general, interest in folk arts and crafts is growing year by year.

In Russia there are many educational institutions where you can get professional craft education.

National wealth

Vasnetsov, Bilibin, Vrubel, Surikov studied the Russian national style, preserved in embroidery patterns, folk costumes, patterns and forms of products of village artisans.

The artists saw in this the national wealth of Russia, what made Russians different from other peoples. This contributed to an unprecedented surge in the development of our art, expeditions began to be carried out, museums were opened, and fairs were held.

The emergence of craft occurs at the beginning of human production activities. The beginnings have been known since ancient times

Concept of crafts

Craft is a production activity based on the production of industrial objects using small manual labor, which prevailed before the development of machine production and remained there.

A person who makes objects professionally is called an artisan.

What is folk craft

Folk craft refers to objects that are made using ordinary available materials and simple designs. Folk crafts are diverse in their creative activity; products are made by hand and most often from natural materials or close to them (wood, fabric, metal, etc.). This type of activity was formed from home crafts, when necessary household items were made. Like art, folk crafts developed depending on culture, religion and sometimes political views.

History of the craft

The craft has a long history. Primitive communities most often engaged in home crafts, making objects from stone, bone, clay, wood, etc. Home craft is the production of products necessary for running a household. In some places, even today, this activity is of great importance.

Later, people began to lead the emergence of artisans. Many artisans worked on the farm lands of kings, temples, monasteries and slave owners (Ancient Egypt, Ancient Rome, Ancient Greece and the countries of Mesopotamia). Initially, the artisan worked alone, but since this gave little income, the craftsmen began to unite in groups. These groups were called artels and took orders from the population. Some of the masters walked around cities and villages, while others lived and worked in one place. Trades and crafts to order gave rise to the emergence and development of cities as centers of craft work and trade. To this day, in many settlements, street names have been preserved, indicating the place of work of a particular master. For example, Goncharnaya - production was organized there; Tanning - leather processing, production of leather products, shoe repair; Brick - production of bricks.

A form of professional craft appeared. A new social stratum has appeared in the cities - urban artisans. The main branches of urban crafts were: the production of metal objects, cloth making, the production of glass products, etc. Urban craftsmen had such privileges as city law, craft workshops, and their own freedom.

With the advent, many types of crafts lost their primacy in production, and machines began to be used in factories and factories. Today, artisans survive in industries that serve the personal needs of clients and in the production of expensive artistic products (shoemakers, tailors, jewelers, artists, etc.).

History of the development of crafts in Russia

The population of Russian cities mainly consisted of artisans. Most of them were engaged in blacksmithing. Later, metalsmithing evolved from blacksmithing. His products were in great demand in Europe. The production of weapons singled out craftsmen for making bows, guns, quivers, etc. The armor of Russian artisans was considered an order of magnitude higher than Turkish, Syrian and Italian.

According to information from the chronicle, in 1382 there were already cannons in Rus'. In the 14th century, foundry (bell casting) was formed. With the invasion of the Mongols, production fell into decline.

Jewelry craftsmanship served the needs of the aristocracy. The surviving products (icons, gold belts, dishes, book bindings) testify to the high professionalism of jewelry craftsmen in the field of engraving, artistic casting, forging, niello and minting. In the 14th century, it began in several Russian principalities, which formed the monetary craft. Leather, shoemaking and pottery crafts were designed for the market and a wide range of customers. A variety of dishes, toys and building materials were made from clay. In addition, in Moscow and other cities, stone churches were built (mostly from white stone) and tower clocks were installed with strikes.

The works of the masters made a great contribution to the restoration of destruction after the Tatar-Mongol conquests. Russian crafts influenced the preparation of economic prerequisites for the creation of a Russian centralized state.

Since 1917, the number of artisans in Russia has sharply decreased; they united in industrial cooperation. However, even now Russian crafts include several world-famous folk arts and crafts.

Various types and kinds of crafts

Types of crafts are formed from the material from which the item is made. For a long time, people have known crafts such as:

blacksmith craft

This is one of the first occupations to appear in Rus'. People were always surprised when watching a blacksmith work. They could not understand how the master made such amazing objects from gray metal. For many peoples, blacksmiths were considered almost wizards.

Previously, blacksmithing required special knowledge and a specially equipped workshop with many tools. The metal was smelted from which it was mined in the spring and autumn. Old Russian blacksmiths made sickles, ploughshares, and scythes for farmers, and spears, swords, axes, and arrows for warriors. In addition, the household always needed knives, keys and locks, needles, etc.

Nowadays, technological progress has somewhat changed and improved the blacksmith's craft, but it is still in demand. Artistic forging is used to decorate offices, apartments, country houses, parks, public gardens, and is especially in demand in landscape design.

Jewelry craft

Jewelry craft is one of the most ancient in the history of mankind. Products made of gold, silver and precious stones have long been considered a sign of power and wealth of the aristocratic class. Back in the 10th and 11th centuries, jewelry craftsmen were famous for their talent throughout Europe. People have been passionate fans of jewelry since ancient times. Beads were made from precious metals or colored glass, pendants with various designs (usually animals), silver temple rings that were hung from a headdress or woven into a hairstyle, rings, kolta, etc.

In the 18th century, jewelry craftsmanship flourished in Russia. It was at this time that the profession of “gold and silversmith” began to be called “jeweler”. In the 19th century, Russian craftsmen developed their own style, thanks to which Russian jewelry remains unique today. The famous firms of the Grachev brothers, Ovchinnikov and Faberge began their work.

Nowadays, due to the growth of prosperity, the population is increasingly in need of highly artistic jewelry.

Pottery

It is known that since the 10th century, pottery has been produced in Rus'. This was done manually, and mostly by women's hands. To increase the strength and durability of the product, small shells, sand, quartz, granite, and sometimes plants and fragments of ceramics were mixed into the clay.

A little later they appeared, which made the potters’ work easier. The circle was set in motion by hand and then by feet. At the same time, men began to engage in pottery making.

Pottery reached industrial scale in the 18th century. Ceramic factories appeared in St. Petersburg, and a little later in Moscow.

The objects made by modern potters are still fascinating. Today, pottery is a popular activity in many regions of Russia, and the demand for handmade ceramic products is constantly increasing.