Children of war Dedicated to all children of the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945.

The children played and did not suspect that soon there would be only one word on their lips - war.

From the memoirs of Valentina Ivanovna Potaraiko: “I was 5-6 years old. We were evacuated from besieged Leningrad to the Perm region. They were driving through Ladoga, where we came under bombing...” “... A strong wind was blowing, sawdust covered her wounds, my mother moaned, and I cleaned her wounds and asked: “Mom, don’t die!” But she died. I was left alone." Valentina Ivanovna recalls: « When our train was bombed a second time, we fell into the hands of the Germans. The Nazis lined up children separately and adults separately. No one cried out of horror; they looked at everything with glassy eyes. We clearly learned the lesson: if you cry, they will shoot you. So, before our eyes, they killed a little girl who was screaming non-stop.”

Fascist monsters shot at children for fun, to practice their accuracy.

Many children fought against fascism with arms in hand, becoming sons and daughters of regiments. Nikolai Panteleevich Kryzhkov recalls: “I wandered through the steppes during the winter, worked on the railroad, and so I got to Stalingrad... In the fall of 1942, soldiers of the 1095th Artillery Regiment sheltered me, fed me, washed me, and warmed me.” Nikolai Panteleevich was awarded the Order of the Patriotic War, 2nd degree, medals “For Military Merit”, “For the Capture of Koenigsberg”, and the commander’s gratitude for the capture of Sevastopol. The sons of the regiments - children of the war years - fought against the German occupiers on an equal basis with adults. Marshal Bagramyan recalled that the courage, bravery of the teenagers, and their ingenuity in carrying out tasks amazed even old and experienced soldiers. Childhood was consumed by war, youth by post-war devastation and hunger. Valentina Ivanovna tells: - Two years - 1946-1947. I, an orphanage girl, didn’t know the taste of bread. The norm was: breakfast and dinner - 100 grams of bread, lunch - 200. But even these crumbs were always taken away by the stronger guys. Children from the orphanage stood in stores for hours and waited for the seller to give them a handful of bread crumbs that were left after slicing.”

Children of war - and it blows cold, Children of war - and it smells of hunger, Children of war - and their hair stands on end: There are gray hairs on children's bangs.

In Albert Likhanov’s story “The Last Cold”, the theme of deprivation and hunger, from which people lose their humanity, is horribly and eloquently described. It was these children who restored the destroyed economy during the war, at the age of 12 standing at machines in factories and factories, working on construction sites. Children's labor in the rear Guys worked for days in factories, standing at machines instead of brothers and fathers who had gone to the front: they made fuses for mines, fuses for hand grenades, smoke bombs, colored flares, and assembled gas masks. They worked in agriculture, growing vegetables for hospitals. The pioneers sewed underwear and tunics for the army, and knitted warm clothes for the front: mittens, socks, scarves. The guys helped the wounded in hospitals, wrote letters to their relatives under their dictation, staged plays, organized concerts, bringing a smile to war-weary adult men. According to well-known statistics, the Great Patriotic War claimed about 27 million lives of citizens of the Soviet Union. Of these, about 10 million are soldiers, the rest are old people, women, and children. But statistics are silent about how many children died during the Great Patriotic War, how many were injured and crippled. During the Great Patriotic War, hundreds of thousands of boys and girls went to military registration and enlistment offices, gained a year or two more, and went off to defend their Motherland; many died for it.

Volodya Kazmin,

Yura Zhdanko,

Lenya Golikov,

Marat Kazei,

Lara Mikheenko,

Valya Kotik,

Tanya Morozova,

Vitya Korobkov,

Zina Portnova. ..

The guys collected rifles, cartridges, machine guns, grenades left over from the battles, and then handed it all over to the partisans. We rescued wounded Red Army soldiers, helped organize underground escapes for our prisoners of war from German concentration camps. They set fire to German warehouses with food, equipment, uniforms, and fodder, and blew up railway cars and locomotives.

In Vladimir Bogomolov’s story “Ivan” you can read about the fate of a young intelligence officer.

Pioneer heroes Marat Kazei

Marat was a scout and took part in battles. He fought until the last bullet, when he had only one grenade left, let the enemies get very close and blew them up... and himself. The Motherland recognized Marat Kazei as a Hero of the Soviet Union...

Pioneer heroes

Utah Bondarovskaya

She dressed up as a beggar boy to collect information about the Nazis from villages...

She died the death of the brave near the Estonian farm of Rostov.

Utah Bondarovskaya

awarded the medal “Partisan of the Patriotic War” and the Order of the Patriotic War.

Pioneer heroes

Tanya Savicheva

Together with other Leningrad children, Tanya emptied attics, carried sandbags and buckets of water there to put out lighters, and looked after the wounded.

One by one, the war took Tanya’s brothers and sisters, uncle, grandmother... mother...

Tanya died of exhaustion on the first of July forty-four...

Tanya Savicheva's diary appeared at the Nuremberg trials as one of the indictment documents against fascist criminals. Today it is exhibited in the Leningrad History Museum.

Pioneer heroes Seryozha Aleshkov Seryozha is the youngest defender of Stalingrad. He was only 6 years old. After the death of his mother, he became the son of the regiment. He brought food to the fighters, brought ammunition, sang songs, read poetry, and delivered mail in between battles. He was wounded in the leg and was taken to the hospital. Awarded the medal "For Military Merit". Pioneer heroes Zina Portnova During the war, Zina helped the underground. While working in a canteen for German officers, at the direction of the underground, she poisoned the food. She distributed leaflets among the population and conducted reconnaissance on instructions from the partisan detachment. In December 1943, the Germans arrested Zina on a tip from a traitor. During one of the interrogations, she grabbed a pistol from the table and shot three Nazis, tried to escape, but was captured. The Nazis brutally tortured the young underground worker and shot her in a prison in Polotsk. Zina Portnova was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union. Pioneer heroes Olya Demesh 16-year-old Olya Demesh with her younger sister Lida at the Orsha station in Belarus, on instructions from the partisans, blew up fuel tanks. The Nazis promised land, a cow and 10 thousand marks for the head of the young partisan Olya Demesh. Her photographs were sent to all patrol services, police officers and secret agents.

The Germans managed to capture Olya’s mother and sister and shot them; but Olya remained elusive. She destroyed 20 German soldiers and officers, derailed 7 enemy trains, conducted reconnaissance, participated in the “rail war”, and in the destruction of German punitive units.

Children - prisoners of concentration camps “...Before the war, I lived in Ukraine. Two weeks after the start of the war there were already Germans in our city. Jews were sent to a concentration camp in the Vinnytsia region. ...The camp area was surrounded by wires carrying current. There were 70-80 people in each barracks. The only furnishings are semblances of beds knocked together from boards and straw (instead of pillows and sheets). ...We, four girls, decided to run away, but only the two of us managed to escape. We crawled for 6 days. They ate the leaves with water. The days were counted on fingers. We came across partisans..."

Children of war also live in our city. Listen to the story of Anna Mikhailovna Frenkel:

Monuments to children of war Monuments to children of war have been erected all over the world. In Voskresensk, on June 22, 2011, a monument to minor prisoners of fascism was also unveiled. In the center of the composition made of black granite is the figure of a child who stepped out of the dungeons of a fascist concentration camp. The memorial was created according to a sketch by artist Mikhail Shirokov. There are words carved on the monument that express all the bitterness and tears of those years:

We are all children of the past war With a difficult, bitter fate. And how many are there in this world who never came home? We remember the bunks, we remember the lashes, And at the stoves the death howl. We are children of fascist camps and our journey home was long.

Monuments to children of war In the miners' village of Lidice, which is 20 kilometers from Prague, a memorial was created to immortalize the children who were gassed by the Nazis in concentration camps in response to the political murder of their high-ranking official. Monuments to children of war To remember...

Our country has lived in peace for many years. For most of you, war is what you see on TV and computer screens. You play it, but for some children, war today is not a game, but a harsh reality...

Children against war

The presentation was prepared by: Olga Pavlovna Tochilina, teacher of Russian language and literature, MAOU “Secondary School “Harmony”, Voskresensk, Moscow region. Children of war

Zina Portnova! Twenty thousand children received the medal “For the Defense of Moscow”; young Leningraders were awarded the medal “For the Defense of Leningrad”. Lenya Golikov! Marat Kazei! Valya Kitty! PIONEERS - HEROES

The eyes of a seven-year-old girl are like two faded lights. A large, heavy melancholy is noticeable on the child’s face. She is silent, no matter what you ask, If you joke with her, she is silent in response, As if she is not seven, not eight, But many, many bitter years. A. Barto The eyes of a seven-year-old girl Like two faded lights. A large, heavy melancholy is noticeable on the child’s face. She is silent, no matter what you ask, If you joke with her, she is silent in response, As if she is not seven, not eight, But many, many bitter years. A. Barto WAR IN THE EYES OF CHILDREN

Everything for the front, everything for victory I saw how the victory grew, I testify: the years will fly by - The Fatherland will never forget the saving courage of the Urals, - I saw how the victory grew, I testify: the years will fly by - The Fatherland will never forget the saving courage of the Urals, -

L. Kiseleva Ural - Citizen of the Fatherland, I raise the Ural to the skies, So that the Earth can hear, The divine orchestra sings - The bells are ringing. The Urals are a life-giving source: built by the Fatherland. The hour is uneven and the enemy is cruel. He stood up like a giant. Troops of sons left to avert trouble. He smelted ore with his children at the blast furnaces. In battle, heroes he himself saved with the armor of steel vehicles, and caught up with the enemy pack with the fire of bullets and mines. The Urals sternly accepted the loss of acute pain and wiped away the tears with hot salt with a quiet wind. He has more gray hair. The ashes of war have been scattered. The Ural is a Russian citizen and a replica of the entire country.

CHILDREN OF THE FACTORY Bread card 1941. The norm is 400 grams of bread per person. If lost, the card will not be renewed. Bread card 1941. The norm is 400 grams of bread per person. If lost, the card will not be renewed. These sad days We grew up in the courtyards. Those were non-school years, Tears and fear were everywhere, Oranges, bananas We couldn’t eat - Those girls grew up on potato peelings. Yu.I.Dvorkin

Yekaterinburg Sverdlovsk during the war years was the largest forge of weapons for the front. Center for Large Heavy Engineering In front of us is an interactive map; when you click on the button with red buttons, information about the labor exploits of teenagers opens. TIMUROV MOVEMENT

Timur movement Pioneers of the 40s of school 9 of the Chernushinsky district of the Perm region, class teacher Nina Aleksandrovna Michkova Pioneers of the 40s of school 9 of the Chernushinsky district of the Perm region, class teacher Nina Aleksandrovna Michkova Children of the Shentalinsky district

Scope of work: grain weeding - 376 hectares, potatoes weeding - 142 hectares. 278 hectares were plowed, hay was harvested from an area of ​​196 hectares, 320 tons of silage was laid, grain was exported for delivery to the state. 102 hectares of potatoes were harvested, c. 343 poods of ears harvested. Scope of work: grain weeding - 376 hectares, potatoes weeding - 142 hectares. 278 hectares were plowed, hay was harvested from an area of ​​196 hectares, 320 tons of silage was laid, grain was exported for delivery to the state. 102 hectares of potatoes were harvested, c. 343 poods of ears harvested. HARD WORK in the fields HARD WORK in the fields

MEMORIES OF VETERANS Evseeva (Butyugina) Tamara Nikolaevna was born in the village of Ustinovo, Kundravinsky district in 1929. In 1941, when the war began, Tamara Nikolaevna finished 4th grade. In winter, Tamara Nikolaevna accustomed the bulls to the harness, because the horses were taken to the front. Everything that needed to be brought from the field or feed to the farm was brought on oxen. In 1943, tractors with iron wheels, without a cab, appeared on the collective farm, and Tamara Nikolaevna was among the first tractor drivers. Tractors often broke down, but collective farmers worked in the fields all day long. In 1946, Tamara Nikolaevna was awarded the medal “For Valiant Labor” for her good work during the war.

CHILDREN - heroes of the Great Patriotic War (1941-1945)

© A.I. Kolmakov

On May 29, 1942, the Komsomol Central Committee addressed all pioneers with an appeal: along with their fathers and mothers, to work for the front.

The pioneers responded to this call by actively participating in all patriotic movements.

After the war, pioneers were included in the Book of Honor, mainly for their success in studies and socially useful activities.

And today, for our contemporaries, pioneer heroes are precisely the children who took part in hostilities. Total included in the Book of Honor of the Pioneer organization about five thousand young pioneers .

During the war, many pioneers had to take the place of their fathers and brothers who had gone to war - after school, the schoolchildren were faced with a labor front. For military services, tens of thousands of children and pioneers were awarded orders and medals. Many young participants in the war died in battle or were executed by the Germans.

• For military services, tens of thousands of children and pioneers were awarded orders and medals:
• Order of Lenin were awarded - Tolya Shumov , Vitya Korobkov , Volodya Kaznacheev , Alexander Chekalin ;
• Order of the Red Banner - Volodya Dubinin , Yuliy Kantemirov , Andrey Makarikhin , Kravchuk Kostya ; Arkady Kamanin
• Order of the Patriotic War 1st degree - Petya Klypa , Valery Volkov , Sasha Kovalev ;
• Order of the Red Star - Volodya Samorukha , Shura Efremov , Vanya Andrianov , Vitya Kovalenko , Lenya Ankinovich .
• Hundreds of pioneers were awarded the medal "Partisan of the Great Patriotic War" , over 15,000 - a medal "For the defense of Leningrad" , over 20,000 medals "For the defense of Moscow" .
• Four pioneer heroes were awarded the title Hero of the Soviet Union Stars: Lenya Golikov, Marat Kazei, Valya Kotik, Zina Portnova. Golikov, the only one of all, was awarded the title directly during the war (04/02/1944), the rest after the end of the war.

• Many young participants in the war died in battle or were executed by the Germans. A number of children were included in the Book of Honor of the All-Union Pioneer Organization named after. V.I. Lenin" and elevated to the rank of "pioneer heroes".

Lenya Golikov

• June 17, 1941 Lena Golikov turned 10 15 years. As part of the 4th Leningrad Partisan Brigade, he took part in 27 combat operations, accounting for several dozen killed Nazis, 10 destroyed vehicles with ammunition, more than a dozen blown up bridges, etc.

• Lena Golikov received his first award, the medal “For Courage,” in July 1942 for the capture of a fascist general.

• January 24, 1943, a group of partisans of just over 20 people reached the village of Ostray Luka. After some time, the village was surrounded by a punitive detachment of 150 people, composed of local traitors and Lithuanian nationalists. Lenya Golikov, like most of his comrades, died in battle in Ostray Luka .

• April 2, 1944 for exemplary fulfillment of command assignments and demonstrated courage and heroism in battles with the Nazi invaders Leonid Aleksandrovich Golikov was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union (posthumously).

Marat Kazei

• Marat and Ariadna Kazei originally from the village of Stankovo, Minsk region, from a family of communists who actively took part in the development of the new Soviet state.

• However, during the years of repression, their father was shot and their mother was punished based on a false denunciation. But with the beginning of the war, my mother joined a partisan detachment and actively fought against the fascist occupiers.
• Underground woman Anna Kazei together with her comrades in the struggle, she was hanged by the Nazis in Minsk.
• For 16 year old Ariadne And 13-year-old Marat Kazeev’s mother’s death served as the impetus for the start of an active struggle against the Nazis - in 1942 they became fighters in a partisan detachment.

Marat Kazei

• Marat was a scout. In January 1943 years, even being wounded, he rose to attack the enemy several times.

• Winter 1943 years, when the detachment was leaving the encirclement, Ariadna Kazei received severe frostbite, lost both legs, and was taken to the mainland to a hospital in Irkutsk. After the war she returned to Minsk.
• In March 1943 Marat saved an entire partisan detachment. When the punitive forces took the Furmanov partisan detachment “in a pincer movement” near the village of Rumok, scout Kazei managed to break through the enemy’s “ring” and bring help from neighboring partisan detachments.

• For courage and courage Marat, to whom at the end of 1943 turned only 14 years old, awarded Order of the Patriotic War, 1st degree, medals “For Courage” and “For Military Merit.”

• On May 11, 1944 he died near the village of Khoromitskie as part of a reconnaissance group.

• On May 8, 1965, Kazei Marat Ivanovich was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union (posthumously).

Valentin Kotik

• A 14-year-old boy from Ukrainian Shepetivka became the youngest Hero of the Soviet Union .
• He was born on February 11, 1930 in Ukraine, in the village of Khmelevka, Kamenets-Podolsk region, into a peasant family.

• autumn 1941 year, he blew up a car with the Nazis with a grenade, killing several soldiers and the commander of a field gendarmerie detachment.

• For undermining 6 enemy echelons and communications systems awarded the Order of the Patriotic War, 1st degree, and the medal “Partisan of the Patriotic War, 2nd degree.”
• Battle for Izyaslav February 16, 1944 The year turned out to be hot, but it was already ending in favor of the partisans, when Valya was seriously wounded by a stray bullet, February 17, 1944 Valya Kotik passed away.

• On June 27, 1958, Kotik Valentin Aleksandrovich was posthumously awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union.

Zina Portnova

• IN early June 1941 years in Leningrad, parents sent 15 years nyu Zina and her younger sister Galya for the summer to visit their grandmother in Belarus. Already at the beginning of the war she found herself under occupation and became one of the most active participants squad A "Young Avengers" in the Shumilinsky district of the Vitebsk region. On account of the "Young Avengers" it turned out more than 20 successful sabotages.

• August 26, 1943 In 2009, German counterintelligence carried out mass arrests of members of the Young Avengers organization. During one of the interrogations, the Nazi officer became distracted, and Zina, grabbing a pistol lying on the table, shot the Nazi officer and ran away. We managed to shoot two more Germans, but we couldn’t escape - Zina was shot in the legs. During the last interrogation in the Gestapo prison in the city of Polotsk, the Nazis gouged out her eyes.

• Early morning in January 1944 years, crippled but not broken, Zina was shot.

• On July 1, 1958, Zinaida Martynovna Portnova was posthumously awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union.

• In 1941, the young partisan intelligence officer graduated from 8 classes in the town of Likhvin, Suvorovsky district, Tula region. He volunteered to join a fighter squad, and then became a scout in the “Advanced” partisan detachment.
• He was involved in collecting intelligence information about the deployment and strength of German units, their weapons and movement routes. On equal terms with other members of the detachment, he participated in ambushes, mined roads, disrupted enemy communications and derailed echelons.
• At the beginning of November 1941, following a denunciation from traitors, he was captured, tortured and hanged on November 6 in the city square of the city of Likhvin.
• On February 4, 1942, Alexander Chekalin was posthumously awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union.

Boris Tsarikov

• Was born October 31, 1925 years in the city of Gomel, Belarus, in the family of an employee.
• In the Red Army since 1941, scout of the 43rd Infantry Regiment, Komsomol member of the Red Army Boris Tsarikov with a group of miners October 15, 1943 year was the first to cross the river. The Dnieper in the area of ​​the village of Loev, Gomel region of Belarus, hoisted the Red Banner on the right bank, and for 5 days participated in battles to expand the bridgehead; 17 year old warrior returned to the left bank several times with combat reports to headquarters.
• By Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated October 30, 1943 of the Year for the exemplary performance of combat missions of the command and the heroism and courage shown to the Red Army soldier Boris Andreevich Tsarikov awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union.
• Killed in action on November 13, 1943.

• Awarded the Order of Lenin and the Order of the Red Banner.

Volodya Dubinin

• Volodya was one of the members of the partisan detachment that fought in the quarries of Old Karantina (Kamysh Burun) near Kerch.
• Legends were told about the guy: how he “led by the nose” a detachment of fascists who were looking for partisans; how he knew how to slip unnoticed past enemy posts; How could I accurately remember the number of several Nazi units that were located in different places?
• after the liberation of Kerch as a result of the Kerch-Feodosia landing operation of 1941-1942. Volodya Dubinin began to help sappers in clearing mines from the approaches to the quarries. The mine explosion killed the sapper and Volodya Dubinin, who was helping him.
• posthumously awarded the Order of the Red Banner.

Vitya Korobkov

• He studied at secondary school No. 4 in Feodosia. During the German occupation of Crimea, he helped his father, a member of the underground organization Mikhail Korobkov.
• Through Vitya, communication was maintained between members of partisan groups. He collected information about the enemy, took part in printing and distributing leaflets. Later he became a scout for the 3rd Brigade of the Eastern Association of Crimean Partisans.

• February 16, 1944 year, father and son Korobkov came to Feodosia with their next assignment, but after 2 days they were arrested by the Gestapo. For more than two weeks they were interrogated and tortured by the Gestapo, then they were shot - first by the father, and on March 9 - by his son. Five days before the execution, Vita Korobkov turned fifteen years old.

• By Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR Vitya Korobkov was posthumously awarded the medal “For Courage”.

Valery Volkov

• Member of the partisan movement operating in Sevastopol. After the death of his father (killed by the Nazis), in 13 years(according to other sources at 14) becomes the “son of the regiment” of the 7th Marine Brigade. Participates in hostilities along with adults. Brings cartridges, obtains intelligence data, holds back enemy attacks with weapons in hand.
• Possessing good literary skills, he edited in his own way a unique handwritten newspaper-leaflet - “Trench Truth” (published in newspaper "Pravda" February 8, 1963). In the only issue that has come down to us, the 11th issue is opened by a skillful author beyond his age. His lines are imbued with patriotism, courage, confidence in victory and the desire to live.

• In July 1942 , repelling an enemy attack, dies heroically, throwing a bunch of grenades under the advancing tank.

• On December 28, 1963, he was awarded the Order of the Patriotic War, 1st degree, posthumously.

Utah Bondarovskaya

• Born on January 6, 1928 in the village of Zalazy, Leningrad Region.
• In the summer of 1941, Yuta Bondarovskaya came from Leningrad to a village near Pskov. Here she found the beginning of the Great Patriotic War.
• Utah began to help the partisans of the 6th Leningrad Partisan Brigade: she was a messenger, then a scout. Dressed as a beggar boy, she collected information from the villages that the partisans needed.
• Utah died in a battle near the Estonian farm of Roostoya.

• She was posthumously awarded the Order of the Patriotic War, 1st degree, and the medal “Partisan of the Patriotic War,” 1st degree.

Sasha Borodulin

• Sasha Borodulin was born in Leningrad on March 8 1926 of the year. He had two sisters - the elder Tasya and the younger Ira. The family moved to Karelia, and then to the village of Novinka, 70 km from Leningrad. Here Sasha went to school, became a pioneer, and was elected chairman of the council of the pioneer squad.
• When the war began, Sasha was 15 years old . After finishing 7th grade, he joined the Komsomol, and in September 1941 he volunteered for a partisan detachment.
• Conducted reconnaissance for the partisans. He distinguished himself in the battle of a partisan detachment under the command of I.G. Boloznev for the Chasha station. In the winter of 1941 he was awarded the Order of the Red Banner.

• Died in the summer of 1942 near Oredezh, covering the retreat of the partisan detachment. Posthumously awarded the second Order of the Red Banner.

Larisa Mikheenko

At the beginning of June 1941 year, Lara and her grandmother went on summer holidays to uncle Larion in the village of Pechenevo, Pustoshkinsky district, Kalinin region (currently Pskov region). It was here that the beginning of the Great Patriotic War found them.

Spring 1943 Together with her friends she joined a partisan detachment. She carried out reconnaissance missions behind Nazi lines. She took an active part in the “rail war”, blew up bridges, derailing German trains.

Early November 1943 years, Larisa and two other partisans went on reconnaissance to the village of Ignatovo. Based on a denunciation from a traitor, she was captured and November 4, 1943 In 2007, Larisa Mikheenko was shot after interrogation, accompanied by torture and abuse.

She was awarded the Order of the Patriotic War, 1st degree (posthumously), and the medal “Partisan of the Patriotic War,” 1st degree.

Sasha Kovalev

• At the beginning of the war, he was evacuated to the Yaroslavl region, and later returned to Arkhangelsk, where he entered the boat.

• In 1942 year enrolled in Solovetsky school of young people to the engine training company. Upon completion, he was assigned to the destroyer Gromky, then to a torpedo boat. Participated in 20 combat operations of the Northern Fleet.
• May 8, 1944 year, the torpedo boat TK-209 on which he served attacked a group of enemy ships, after which he himself was attacked by German aircraft, as a result of which a shell fragment pierced the engine manifold, from which hot water mixed with oil and gasoline began to flow. Sasha covered the hole with his body, receiving severe burns. It was possible to keep the boat moving, and two torpedo boat crews were saved.
• May 9, 1944 Sasha Kovalev died as a result of the explosion of a German phosphorus mine.

• He was awarded the Ushakov Medal, the Order of the Red Star and the Order of the Patriotic War, 1st degree (posthumously).

Nina Kukoverova

• From the first days of the arrival of the Nazis, Nina became a partisan intelligence officer. A punitive detachment is located in the village of Gory, all approaches are blocked, even the most experienced scouts cannot get through. Nina volunteered to go. She walked for a dozen kilometers through a snow-covered plain and field.
• And when the partisan detachment set out on a campaign at night, Nina walked next to the commander as a scout, as a guide. That night, fascist warehouses flew into the air, the headquarters burst into flames, and the punitive forces fell, struck down by fierce fire.
• More than once Nina, a pioneer, awarded medal "Partisan of the Patriotic War" 1st degree. The young heroine died. But the memory of Russia’s daughter is alive. She was posthumously awarded the Order of the Patriotic War, 1st degree.

Galya Komleva

• For underground work in the village of Tarnovichi, in the south of the Leningrad region, counselor Anna Petrovna Semenova was left behind. To communicate with the partisans, she selected her most reliable pioneers, and the first among them was Galina Komleva, an excellent student. The young messenger brought assignments from the partisans to the counselor, and forwarded her reports to the detachment along with bread, potatoes, and food. Together with Komsomol member Tasya Yakovleva, Galya wrote leaflets and scattered them around the village at night.
• One day, when a messenger from the detachment did not arrive at the meeting place on time, Galya herself sneaked into the detachment, handed over a report and went back. The Nazis tracked down the young underground fighters. They kept me in the Gestapo for two months. They beat me severely, threw me into a cell, and in the morning they took me out again for interrogation. The young patriot was shot. The Motherland celebrated the feat of Galya Komleva with the Order of the Patriotic War, 1st degree.

Tolya Shumov

• IN September-October 1941 In 2006, in the western regions of the Moscow region, the formation of partisan detachments and underground groups began. On October 17, 1941, the Nazis occupied the regional center of Ostashevo.
• Together with his mother he joined the partisan detachment. More than once he made bold reconnaissance trips.

• November 30, 1941 year was accidentally noticed by a local “policeman” Kirillin, who immediately informed the German authorities. As a result of the raid, Tolya was captured. During interrogations, Anatoly behaved courageously, despite the torture, and did not utter a word.

• For courage and courage shown in the fight against the Nazis, partisan intelligence officer Anatoly Shumov was awarded the Order of Lenin (posthumously).

Lida Vashkevich

• Pioneer Lida Vashkevich, risking her life, helped fight the Nazis. In the city of Grodno, occupied by the Nazis, a communist underground operated. One of the groups was led by Lida’s father. Contacts of underground fighters and partisans came to him, and each time the commander’s daughter was on duty at the house. And she vigilantly peered and listened to see if the policemen or patrol were approaching. She warned the people's avengers about the raids, going around safe houses.
• obtained paper for leaflets, distributed leaflets with words of truth about the victories of the Red Army near Moscow and Stalingrad.

• Lida was awarded the medal "Partisan of the Patriotic War" 1st degree.

Vilor Chekmak

• Despite his bad heart and young age, Vilor in August 1941 years old, with his trained shepherd dog, he went into the forest with the partisans and became a scout.

• 15 year old Vilor Chekmak saved the Sevastopol partisan detachment at the cost of his own life.
• 10th of November he was on patrol in the area of ​​the village of Alsu near Sevastopol and was the first to notice the approach of a punitive detachment. With a rocket, Vilor warned the squad about the danger and alone took on the battle with numerous fascists. When he ran out of ammunition, Vilor let the enemies get closer and blew himself up along with the Nazis with a grenade.

• He was buried in the cemetery of WWII veterans in the village of Dergachi near Sevastopol.
• Posthumously awarded the medals “For the Defense of Sevastopol” (1945), “For Military Merit” (1965).

• He lost his father quite early and lived with his mother, older sister Anna and younger brother Anatoly. In 1941 he graduated from the 4th grade.
• Volodya's mother was arrested and shot by the occupiers on October 6, 1941. Vladimir, his sister and brother decided to move to the local partisan detachment.
• He went on reconnaissance missions more than once, participated in subversive activities, mining, and the destruction of fascist transport trains.
• Awarded: Order of the Patriotic War, 1st degree, Order of the Red Banner of Labor, Order of the Badge of Honor, Order of Merit, 3rd degree, Order of Courage, 3rd degree, medal “Partisan of the Patriotic War,” 1st degree, medal “For Victory over Germany” in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945.”
• After the war he lives and works in Kherson in Ukraine.

• Before the war, these were the most ordinary boys and girls. We studied, helped elders, played, ran and jumped, broke our noses and knees. Only their relatives, classmates and friends knew their names. THE HOUR HAS COME - THEY SHOWED HOW HUGE A LITTLE CHILDREN'S HEART CAN BECOME WHEN A SACRED LOVE FOR THE MOTHERLAND AND HATE FOR ITS ENEMIES FLASHES IN HIM. Boys. Girls. The weight of adversity, disaster, and grief of the war years fell on their fragile shoulders. And they did not bend under this weight, they became stronger in spirit, more courageous, more resilient. Little heroes of the big war. They fought alongside their elders - fathers, brothers, alongside communists and Komsomol members.

Valya's father died defending the Brest Fortress.

The Nazis forced Valya to enter the fortress,

convey to the defenders the demand to surrender. She

made her way into the fortress, spoke about the atrocities

fascists, explained what weapons they had, indicated

their location and stayed to help our

to the fighters. Bandaged the wounded, collected cartridges and

brought them to the fighters.

The command of the Brest Fortress gave the order

remove children and women from under fire, transport them to

other bank of the river Mukhavets. And she continued her struggle

in a partisan detachment. She fought bravely, along with

adults.

For courage and bravery she was awarded the Order of the Red Star.

• They fought everywhere. At sea, like Borya Kuleshin. In the sky, like Arkasha Kamanin /the youngest pilot of the war, at the age of 14 he made his first combat mission/. In a partisan detachment, like Lenya Golikov. In the Brest Fortress, like Valya Zenkina. In the Kerch catacombs, like Volodya Dubinin. In the underground, like Volodya Shcherbatsevich. And the young hearts did not waver for a moment! Their matured childhood was filled with such trials that, even if a very talented writer had invented them, it would have been difficult to believe. But it was. It happened in the history of our great country, it happened in the destinies of its little children - ordinary boys and girls.

• Their memories will live forever!

Arkady Kamanin

• http://uch.znate.ru/docs/1432/index-10647.html?page=9 -Lenya Golikov;
• http://kozaostra.mybb.ru/viewtopic. - Marat and Ariadna Kazei; Zina Portnova; Valya Kotik;
• http:// uch.znate.ru / docs /1432/index-10647.html?page=9 – Zina Portnova;
• Valya Kotik;
• http://uch.znate.ru/docs/1432/index-10647.html?page=9 – Volodya Dubinin;
• https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/– pioneer heroes (Marat Kazei, Volodya Dubinin, Zhora Antonenko, Lenya Golikov, Valya Kotik, Vilor Chekmak, Zina Portnova, Tolya Shumov, Vitya Korobkov, Volodya Kaznacheev, Alexander Chekalin, Kostya Kravchuk, Arkady Kamanin);
• http :// youthguard.ru /heroes1.htm - pioneer heroes (Galya Komleva)

Internet sources for template design:

• http :// nakleykiavto.ru / news /novaya_ofitsialnaya_emblema_70_let_pobedy/ - the official emblem of the 70th anniversary of the Victory (with a dove of peace);
• http http://solbiblfil2.ucoz.ru/ load / dlja_vas_chitateli / nashi_razrabotki / chitaem_knigi_o_vojne /18-1-0-211 -St. George ribbon for the title;
• http :// cms-portal.ru / forum /60-274-1 - straight St. George ribbon;
• http :// liubavyshka.ru - "Nobody is forgotten, nothing is forgotten";
• http://algre.livejournal.com – golden laurel branch;
• http:// liubavyshka.ru – stars of Victory;

You can use this design

to create your presentations,

but in your presentation you should indicate

template source:

© Kolmakov Anatoly Ivanovich, teacher of history and social studies of the MKOU Zonal Secondary School of the Zonal District of the Altai Territory.

Lenya Golikov... When his native village was captured by the enemy, the boy went to the partisans. More than once he went on reconnaissance missions and brought important information to the partisan detachment. And enemy trains and cars flew downhill, bridges collapsed, enemy warehouses burned... There were many more battles in his short life! And the young hero, who fought shoulder to shoulder with adults, never flinched. He died near the village of Ostraya Luka in the winter of 1943, when the enemy was especially fierce, feeling that the earth was burning under his feet, that there would be no mercy for him... On April 2, 1944, a decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR was published on assigning Lena to the pioneer partisan Golikov the title of Hero of the Soviet Union.

Marat Kazei...War fell on Belarusian soil. In the fall, Marat no longer had to go to school in the fifth grade. Anna Aleksandrovna Kazei was captured for her connection with the partisans, and Marat soon learned that his mother had been hanged in Minsk. Together with his sister, Komsomol member Ada, the pioneer Marat Kazei went to join the partisans in the Stankovsky forest. Marat died in battle. He fought to the last bullet, and when he had only one grenade left, he let his enemies get closer and blew them up... and himself. For his courage and bravery, pioneer Marat Kazei was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union. A monument to the young hero was erected in the city of Minsk.

Zina Portnova...It was December 1943. Zina was returning from a mission. In the village of Mostishche she was betrayed by a traitor. The Nazis captured the young partisan and tortured her. The answer to the enemy was Zina’s silence, her contempt and hatred, her determination to fight to the end. During one of the interrogations, choosing the moment, Zina grabbed a pistol from the table and fired at point-blank range at the Gestapo man. The officer who ran in to hear the shot was also killed on the spot. Zina tried to escape, but the Nazis overtook her... The brave young pioneer was brutally tortured, but until the last minute she remained persistent, courageous, and unbending. And the Motherland posthumously celebrated her feat with its highest title - the title of Hero of the Soviet Union.

Valya Kotik Born on February 11, 1930. ... The pioneer, who had just turned fourteen years old, fought shoulder to shoulder with adults, liberating his native land. He is responsible for six enemy trains blown up on the way to the front. Valya Kotik died as a hero, and the Motherland posthumously awarded him the title of Hero of the Soviet Union.

February 5, 1924 – February 27, 1943 Submachine gunner of the 2nd separate battalion of the 91st separate Siberian volunteer brigade named after I.V. Stalin of the 6th Stalin Siberian Volunteer Rifle Corps of the 22nd Army of the Kalinin Front, private. Sailors got up, rushed to the bunker and closed the embrasure with his body. At the cost of his life, he contributed to the accomplishment of the unit’s combat mission. Alexander Matrosov

Vasya Korobko... Vasya creeps up to the school building occupied by the Nazis. He makes his way into the pioneer room, takes out the pioneer banner and hides it securely. Together with the partisans, Vasya destroyed nine echelons and hundreds of Nazis. In one of the battles he was hit by an enemy bullet. In 1944 he died the death of a hero. Vasily Korobko was barely sixteen then. The Motherland awarded its little hero, who lived a short but such a bright life, the Order of Lenin, the Red Banner, the Order of the Patriotic War, 1st degree, and the medal “Partisan of the Patriotic War,” 1st degree.

Vitya Khomenko... Returning to Nikolaev, the guys delivered a radio transmitter, explosives, and weapons to the underground fighters. And again fight without fear or hesitation. On December 5, 1942, ten underground members were captured by the Nazis and executed. Among them are two boys - Shura Kober and Vitya Khomenko. They lived as heroes and died as heroes.

Volodya Kaznacheev... 1941... Finished fifth grade in the spring. In the fall he joined the partisan detachment. He was a liaison; he often went to Kletnya, delivering valuable information; After waiting until dark, he posted leaflets. Volodya, together with his senior comrades, derailed eight echelons. The Nazis placed a reward on the head of partisan Kaznacheev, not even suspecting that their brave opponent was just a boy. Volodya Kaznacheev was awarded the Order of Lenin and the medal "Partisan of the Patriotic War" 1st degree.

Galya Komleva... Together with Komsomol member Tasya Yakovleva, Galya wrote leaflets and scattered them around the village at night. The Nazis tracked down and captured the young underground fighters. They kept me in the Gestapo for two months. They beat me severely, threw me into a cell, and in the morning they took me out again for interrogation. Galya didn’t say anything to the enemy, didn’t betray anyone. The young patriot was shot. The Motherland celebrated the feat of Galya Komleva with the Order of the Patriotic War, 1st degree.

Kostya Kravchuk In June 1944, units were lined up on the central square of Kyiv to go to the front. And before this battle formation, they read out the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR on awarding the pioneer Kostya Kravchuk with the Order of the Red Banner for saving and preserving two battle flags of rifle regiments during the occupation of the city of Kyiv...

Lara Mikheenko... For the operation of reconnaissance and explosion of the railway. bridge over the Drissa River, Leningrad schoolgirl Larisa Mikheenko was nominated for a government award. But the Motherland did not have time to present the award to its brave daughter... The young partisan, betrayed by a traitor in the village of Ignatovo, was shot by the Nazis. The Decree on awarding Larisa Mikheenko the Order of the Patriotic War, 1st degree, contains the bitter word: “Posthumously.”

Lucy Gerasimenko... But she was silent. She was silent even when the Gestapo man, beating her with a whip, pulled out her hair and trampled his feet.... She entered the cell, barely moving her legs, but with her head held high, and smiling faintly. Everyone saw that this smile was not easy for her. Tatyana Danilovna and Lyusya were summoned for interrogation almost every day and almost every time they were terribly beaten. And after one interrogation, Lucy was brought into the cell almost unconscious. They brought it in and threw it on the floor. The women carefully laid her on the bunk. Everything was burning inside. I was very thirsty. I really wanted to eat. At least a small piece of bread. Very small. Those arrested were given almost no food a day, only about ten spoons of some kind of gruel...

Nadya Bogdanova She was executed twice by the Nazis, and for many years her military friends considered Nadya dead. They even erected a monument to her. It’s hard to believe, but when she became a scout in the partisan detachment of “Uncle Vanya” Dyachkov, she was not yet ten years old. The first time she was captured was when, together with Vanya Zvontsov, she hung out a red flag in enemy-occupied Vitebsk on November 7, 1941. They beat her with ramrods, tortured her, and when they brought her to the ditch to shoot her, she no longer had any strength left - she fell into the ditch, momentarily outstripping the bullet. Vanya died, and the partisans found Nadya alive in a ditch... She was captured for the second time at the end of 1943. And again torture: they poured ice water on her in the cold, burned a five-pointed star on her back. Considering the scout dead, the Nazis abandoned her when the partisans attacked Karasevo. Local residents came out paralyzed and almost blind. After the war in Odessa, Academician V.P. Filatov restored Nadya’s sight.

Sasha Borodulin Sasha Borodulin, a pioneer with the warm heart of a young Leninist, decided to fight the fascists. More than once he went on the most dangerous missions. He was responsible for many destroyed vehicles and soldiers. For carrying out dangerous tasks, for demonstrating courage, resourcefulness and courage, Sasha Borodulin was awarded the Order of the Red Banner in the winter of 1941. Punishers tracked down the partisans. Sasha was the first to step forward and volunteered to cover the detachment’s retreat. Five took the fight. Sasha fought to the end. He, allowing the fascists to close a ring around him, grabbed a grenade and blew them up and himself. Sasha Borodulin died, but his memory lives on. The memory of the heroes is eternal!

Yuta Bondarovskaya Wherever the blue-eyed girl Yuta went, her red tie was invariably with her... Yuta began to help the partisans. At first she was a messenger, then a scout. Dressed as a beggar boy, she collected information from the villages: where the fascist headquarters were, how they were guarded, how many machine guns there were. In one of the battles - near the Estonian farm of Rostov - Yuta Bondarovskaya, the little heroine of the great war, a pioneer who did not part with her red tie, died a heroic death. The Motherland awarded its heroic daughter posthumously with the medal "Partisan of the Patriotic War" 1st degree, Order of the Patriotic War 1st degree.

Zoya Kosmodemyanskaya... was born in September 1923 in the Tambov region. Zoya was behind enemy lines twice. In November 1941, in the village of Petrishchevo, Moscow Region, she was captured by the Germans. To find out secret information, she was subjected to various tortures. But Zoya was silent, not saying anything, not even her first and last name. After severe torture, Zoya Kosmodemyanskaya was executed in the village square of the village of Petrishchevo on November 29, 1941. On February 16, 1942, Zoya Kosmodemyanskaya was posthumously awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union and awarded the Order of Lenin. Her heroic deed served as an example for many people during the war.

The memory of the heroes is eternal! War, it is war... And for those who are scorched by the fierce breath, That bitter cup that is drunk to the dregs is not even sweeter... with festive fireworks. War, it is war. It ended a long time ago, Our wounds healed. The road that led to peace is not forgotten by veterans. The front and the rear are inseparable. Everyone endured the battle steadfastly, After all, the front in those years passed through the heart of everyone in Russia. And let the old and the young be proud, That we won that war, So that the long-awaited peace may come, EVERYONE WILL BE PART OF THE VICTORY!

NOTE AND LETTER OF PARTIZAN V. TO PISTON'S MOTHER November 2930, 1941 Tomorrow I will die, mother. You lived 50 years, and I only 24. I want to live. After all, I did so little! I want to live to defeat the hated fascists. They mocked me, but I didn't say anything. I know: my partisan friends will avenge my death. They will destroy the invaders. Don't cry, mom. I die knowing that I gave everything to victory. It's not scary to die for the people. Tell the girls: let them go be partisans and boldly defeat the invaders! Our victory is not far away! November 30, 1941

I lived in Leningrad in the winter... Yes, I won’t hide it: during those days we ate earth, glue, and belts; but after eating the stew from the belts, the stubborn master stood up to the machine to sharpen the parts of the guns necessary for the war. But he sharpened while his hand could make movements. And if he fell - at the machine, like a soldier falls in battle. (O. Berggolts) The child’s hand, losing strength from hunger, wrote unevenly and sparingly. The fragile soul, struck by unbearable suffering, was no longer capable of living emotions. Tanya simply recorded the real facts of her existence - the tragic “visits of death” to her home. And when you read this, you become numb: Literature: 1. World War II..mht 2. Diary of Tanya Savicheva __ Uninvented stories about the War..mht 3. THE GREAT PATRIOTIC WAR YEAR. DEFENSE OF THE BREST FORTRESS. Brest Fortress.mht 4. The dead heroes speak. Suicide letters of fighters against fascism.mht 5. Eaglets of partisan forests - a book by Yakov Davidzon about pioneer heroes, children of the regiment.mht 6. Great children of war, pioneer heroes - World War II Great Patriotic War.htm