Lake Teletskoe Altyn-Kel. The length of the coastline is 181 km. Lake Teletskoye is one of the deepest lakes in the world. Maximum depth - 325m. PRESENTATION Toktolova Evgeniya 11 “B” grade. Lake Teletskoye is one of the most unique bodies of water in the world. Lake Teletskoye is located on the territory of the Turochaksky district of the Altai Republic. Altai. High taiga on your shores.

“Attractions of Canada” - Since 1986 - Canadian Museum of Civilization. City Tour. Here streams of water break against rocks that resemble a boar's back. The museum's collection includes more than a million items. 60 km north of Ottawa is the famous Gatineau Park, spread over an area of ​​35,600 hectares. Canadian Museum of Civilization is Canada's largest historical museum. Coat of arms of Ottawa. D. Ewart) presents exhibits dedicated to the geology, flora and fauna of Canada. D. Cardinal). Neplyueva Inna 11 “B” Municipal educational institution secondary school No. 57 Vladivostok, 2007.

“New Wonders of the World” - The author of the idea was film director Bernard Weber. City of Petra in Jordan. City of Machu Picchu in Peru. The great Wall of China. Hanging Gardens of Babylon. Mausoleum of the Taj Mahal. Temple of Artemis at Ephesus. City of Chichen Itza. Zeus statue in Olympia. In the 4th century BC. Philo of Alexandria compiled a list of the “Seven Wonders of the World.” The height of the wall is on average 6.6 m (in some areas up to 10 m), and the thickness is about 6 m. Mausoleum in Halicarnassus.

"State of Singapore" - Main peoples: Chinese 75.1%, Malays 13.6%, Indians 8.8%, others 2.3%. Sri Mariamman. August 9 Independence Day, 1965. Only 200 years have passed since the beginning of the development of New Singapore. Telok Ayer Bazaar is now Lau Pa Sat. One of the largest manufacturers of CD drives. Official languages: Chinese (Mandarin), Malay, Tamil, English (language of administration). Armenian Church. GNP per capita is one of the highest in the world. Religions: 40% Buddhism.

Industry Canada - Fruit production is dominated by apples. Fishing (cod, herring, salmon, halibut, crabs) remains important. Large logging operations are underway. The work was completed by: Ponkratov A. 11th grade student Teacher: Nikandrova L.P. The energy and mining industries, non-ferrous metallurgy, etc. are developed at a high level. According to a number of parameters, Canada is considered a leading country in terms of quality of life. The basis of agricultural production is large farms.

“Country Germany” - Since 1972, the birth rate in Germany has been lower than the death rate. Prepared by 11th grade student: Elena Bunger. The German merchant fleet consists of 2,200 modern seagoing vessels. Germany. Germany is an industrialized country. Berlin is the capital and seat of government. Population. Royal Castle Neuschwanstein (Bavaria). Roads of all classes cover more than 230 thousand km. Brandenburg Gate (Berlin). Temple-monument to Russian glory in Leipzig. The largest country in Europe by population - 82 million people.

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Government system According to the form of government, Monaco is a constitutional monarchy, with some secondary signs of dualism. The head of state is the prince. The country's government is regulated by the constitution, which came into force on December 17, 1962. The Constitution, in particular, although it proclaims the principle of separation of powers, the power of the prince is absolute (cannot be limited by anything or anyone). In 2002, the constitution of the principality was revised. Officially, the powers of the legislative body (National Council) were somewhat expanded.

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State structure The executive power is represented by the Minister of State (head of government) and the State Council (government) of four people headed by him. The Minister of State is a French citizen who is confirmed by the Prince for a period of 3 years on the proposal of the French government. Legislative power is divided between the prince and the unicameral National Council (parliament) of 24 members, elected every 5 years on the basis of universal suffrage. In 2002, parliament received the right of legislative initiative (previously it belonged only to the prince). The Council can make amendments to government projects, approves the imposition of taxes. It also ratifies international treaties that change existing domestic legislation. The judicial branch of government is also headed by the prince; various courts administer justice on his behalf.

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Geographical position of Monaco is located in the south of Europe on the Mediterranean coast near the French Cote d'Azur, 20 km northeast of Nice. On land, the principality borders on France, the Alpes-Maritimes department. The country's area is 2.02 km² (which is almost half the size of Central Park in New York). The length of the coastline is 4.1 km, the length of land borders is 4.4 km. Over the past 20 years, the country's territory has increased by almost 40 hectares due to the drainage of marine areas.

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Population As of 2006, the population of Monaco is 35,656 people. The population density is 18,285 people/km². Such a high population density is due to the fact that Monaco is a dwarf state. The annual population growth is 0.386% per year (2007 data). The average life expectancy according to 2008 data is 79.96 years. Women predominate slightly among the population. The ratio of the number of men to the number of women is 0.91 (according to 2004 data). 62% of the population is considered to be of working age. The literacy rate is 99%. National composition: French - 47%; Monegasques - 16%; Italians - 16%; others - 21%. This large category includes representatives of 125 nationalities. The largest religious group is Catholics. These include 90% of the principality's population.

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Economics Advantages: Guaranteed banking secrecy and low taxes attract billions of dollars from abroad. At the end of the 90s. the volume of funds stored in Monegasque banks had an annual increase of 18%. There is no external debt, foreign exchange reserves are about $ 2 billion. Low unemployment (3%). Weaknesses: by agreement with France, since 1994, suspicious accounts have been disclosed by banks, which, however, has become typical for all other countries. Dependence on economic fluctuations in France and Italy. VAT generates 55% of government revenue. EU requirement to tighten banking and tax legislation. Lack of resources, complete dependence on imports.

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Economy The Principality is widely known as a tourist center thanks to its casino and excellent climate: 300 sunny days a year. However, modern Monaco is characterized by a well-developed and diversified economy in which tourism plays an important but not dominant role. The principality's GDP is estimated at 870 million US dollars (1999). The main sectors of the economy are tourism, construction, pharmaceutical, chemical and electronic industries, banking and financial sectors. The annual turnover of companies registered in the country exceeds 9 billion euros. The unemployment rate is very low. The total number of jobs - 45,000 - exceeds the number of residents of the country. A significant proportion of those working in Monaco are foreigners.

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Transport Monaco is connected to the outside world through rail, road, sea and air transport. The length of the railway network is 1.7 km. The gauge is 1.435 m. The railways are operated by the French national railway company SNCF. The Principality is connected to France both by regional routes and by high-speed TGV trains. Most of the railway tracks passing through Monaco are hidden in underground tunnels. The main station is also underground. The total length of motorways is 50 km. There are 7 bus routes in the country, as well as a bus service to Nice Airport. There are a total of 143 bus stops throughout Monaco. The city has two seaports: in the La Condamine and Fontvieille areas. In the port of Hercule, La Condamine district, there is a water bus connecting the southern and northern parts of the port. A water taxi service is also developed. The Principality is connected by helicopter to Nice Airport.

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French-Monaco relations Monaco is a state closely associated with France under the 1918 treaty, which is formally enshrined in Article 436 of the 1919 Treaty of Versailles. Monaco's foreign policy is an illustration of this agreement: France agrees to defend the sovereignty and independence of Monaco, while the Monegasque government agrees to exercise its rights in accordance with French interests. Since then, the relationship between Monaco and France has also been defined in a 1945 treaty and a 1963 agreement. In 2002, the 1918 treaty was revised. In 2005, it was ratified by both parties and gained legal force. The terms of the treaty allowed France to establish an embassy in Monaco instead of the Consulate General, allowed ambassadors from other states to receive accreditation for the first time, and also formally determined the right of succession to the throne by the Prince's daughters and other members of his family, enshrined in the 1962 Constitution of Monaco. Although Monaco is not a member of the EU, it is closely linked to it through a customs union with France, as well as recognition of the euro as its national currency.

What makes Monaco unique?

1. Monaco is a dwarf state. According to the UN and World Bank classification, a state with a population of less than 1 million people is considered a dwarf state. Based on this definition, Monaco is a super-dwarf state, since about 35 thousand people live there.

Every day, about 30 thousand residents of the border areas of France come to work in Monaco.

About 7 million tourists take photos at the Monte Carlo casino every year.

2. The Principality of Monaco is associated with France, which means a bilateral unification of unequal states, in which the smaller state, while formally maintaining sovereignty and independence, entrusts a significant part of its power to the larger state.

France agrees to defend Monaco's sovereignty and independence, while the Monegasque government agrees to exercise its rights in accordance with French interests.

3. To enter Monaco, it is enough to have a Schengen visa, which can be obtained at the French consulate of the country where you live.

4.The area of ​​the Principality is only 2 square kilometers! This is smaller than the territory of VDNH in Moscow. You can walk around the entire country in a few hours, slowly looking at the sights, and there are plenty of them here.

5.The first settlements on the site of modern Monaco appeared in the 10th century BC, and the history of modern Monaco begins in 1215, when a colony of the Genoese Republic was founded on the territory of the principality and a fortress was built.

6. Monaco has the highest population density on the planet (about 20 thousand people per 1 square kilometer), and the average life expectancy of this same population is almost 80 years.

7. The form of government in Monaco is a constitutional monarchy. The Prince rules here, and he rules without any restrictions. At the moment it is Albert II. He has been in power since 2005. The ancestors of Albert II by the name of Grimaldi have ruled the Principality since 1297.

His Serene Highness Prince Albert II is an athlete. He heads a number of different national and international sports federations. Personally participated in 5 (!) Winter Olympic Games as a member of the national bobsleigh team. He has a black belt in karate and 1st dan in judo.

In 2011, the Prince got married. He met his future wife at a swimming competition.

8. According to the Constitution, as soon as the reigning Grimaldi dynasty is interrupted, Monaco will come under the full jurisdiction of France.

9. The government of the Principality of Monaco has 4 ministers and the head of the government, who is called the Minister of State.

10.Why is Monaco so loved by wealthy citizens from all over the world? Yes, they just know how to count money, because they have something to count. The Principality of Monaco guarantees depositors banking secrecy and ultra-low taxes. These conditions provide an influx of huge money. There are about 800 international companies and more than 50 banks operating in the country. There is no public debt at all, and unemployment is only 3%.

11.Indigenous residents of Monaco - Monegasques - do not pay taxes.

12.The second most common profession among Monaco residents is director of a large international company.

13.The minimum price per square meter in the Principality is 25-30 thousand euros.

14.The national currency is the euro, although Monaco is not a member of the EU. The coins are issued with the sign of Monaco.

15. The main station of Monaco, however, like most railways, is located underground, or more precisely, in the rock.

16.There is one higher education institution in Monaco - the International University of Monaco.

17. Entrance to the Monte Carlo casino is closed to citizens of the Principality of Monaco.

18.The army of the Principality consists of 82 military men, and the military orchestra is larger in number than the army!

19.Since 1950, one of the most prestigious races of the Formula 1 World Championship has been held in Monaco. The race takes place through the streets of the city, which at this time are equipped with stands, fences and everything that is necessary for such competitions.

20.Locals almost never dine at local restaurants. They prefer Italian trattorias and family restaurants in nearby French and Italian cities.

21. Monaco has one of the lowest crime rates in the world.

22.In terms of national composition in Monaco, the French have an advantage. Almost half of them. In second place are Monegasques and Italians, of whom there are approximately equal numbers.

23.The official language is French.

24. Monaco hotels have a total of 2,259 rooms, of which 1,700 are in 5-star hotels.

25.The most prestigious area is Monte Carlo. The area is spread around the famous Casino.

26. The local football club, also called Monaco, is owned by Russian billionaire Dmitry Rybolovlev. The team plays in the French championship and is part of the French football league.

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