The idea of ​​publishing and scanning the section of the book "Winners" ( Victory Parade on June 24, 1945. - Moscow: Moscow Government. Committee for Public and Interregional Relations, 2000. ) - S.V. Lyubimova, daughter of V.A. Lyubimov and author of an essay about him -.

Although the original intention was tell about the pupils of special naval schools and naval preparatory schools - participants in the Victory Parade, in the preparation process we decided to provide information about all the participants about whom at least something is known, both from the book and from Internet sources. About those who stood in the ranks of the Combined Navy Regiment on Red Square on June 24, 1945. About those sailors who attended the parade. Just over 160 participants... Out of over 1250! We would be grateful for your help and additions.

NAVY

During the Great Patriotic War, the USSR Navy conducted active and decisive combat operations to destroy enemy fleet forces and transports, reliably protected military and national economic sea, lake and river transportation, assisted Red Army groups in defensive and offensive operations.
The Northern Fleet, in contact with the Allied Navy (Great Britain, USA), provided external communications and carried out active operations on the enemy’s sea lanes. To ensure the safety of ship traffic in the Arctic, in particular along the Northern Sea Route, the White Sea Flotilla was formed. Many coastal bridgeheads and naval bases, which were threatened with capture from land, were held for a long time by the joint efforts of the ground forces and navy. The Northern Fleet (commander A.G. Golovko), together with the troops of the 14th Army, fought on the distant approaches to the Kola Bay and Murmansk. In 1942, he was entrusted with the defense of the Sredny and Rybachy peninsulas.
The Baltic Fleet (commander V.F. Tributs) participated in the defense of Liepaja, Tallinn, the Moonsund Islands, the Hanko Peninsula, the Oranienbaum bridgehead, the islands of the Vyborg Bay and the northern coast of Lake Ladoga. The fleet played an important role in the heroic defense of Leningrad.
The Black Sea Fleet (commander F.S. Oktyabrsky, from April 1943 - L.A. Vladimirsky, from March 1944 - F.S. Oktyabrsky) together with the ground forces carried out operations to defend Odessa, Sevastopol, Kerch, Novorossiysk, participated in the defense North Caucasus.

On high-water rivers and lakes, river and lake flotillas were used to create defensive lines: Azov, Danube, Pinsk, Chudskaya, Ladoga, Onega, Volzhskaya, and a detachment of ships on Lake Ilmen. The Ladoga flotilla provided communications across Lake Ladoga ("Road of Life") to besieged Leningrad. The sailors of the Volga Flotilla made a great contribution to the defense of Stalingrad and to ensuring important economic transportation along the Volga in conditions of mine danger. In 1943 the Dnieper and in 1944 the Danube river military flotillas were recreated. The Dnieper flotilla, relocated to the river basin. Oder, took part in the Berlin operation. The Danube flotilla took part in the liberation of Belgrade, Budapest and Vienna.
The Pacific Fleet (commander I.S. Yumashev) and the Red Banner Amur Flotilla (commander N.V. Antonov) in August-September 1945 participated in the defeat of the Japanese Kwantung Army and in the liberation of Korea, Manchuria, South Sakhalin and the Kuril Islands.
During the Great Patriotic War, the Navy sent about 500 thousand sailors and officers to the land fronts, where sailors heroically fought in the Red Army, defending Odessa, Sevastopol, Moscow, Leningrad. During the war years, the fleet landed more than 100 naval operational and tactical landings. For outstanding military services in the Great Patriotic War, more than 350 thousand sailors were awarded orders and medals, 513 people were awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union, 7 people were awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union twice.

CONSOLIDATED REGIMENT OF THE PEOPLE'S COMMITTEE OF THE NAVY

Command of the consolidated regiment

Victory parade. Formation of sailors of the Northern, Baltic, Black Sea fleets, as well as the Dnieper and Danube flotillas. In the foreground is Vice Admiral V.G. Fadeev, who led the combined regiment of sailors, Captain 2nd Rank V.D. Sharoiko, Hero of the Soviet Union, Captain 2nd Rank V.N. Alekseev, Hero of the Soviet Union, Lieutenant Colonel of the Coastal Service F.E. Kotanov, captain 3rd rank G.K. Nikiporets. - Victory parade. Formation of sailors - photo | War album 1939, 1940, 1941-1945

FADEEV Vladimir Georgievich

Genus. 10.7.1904 in Novgorod.
In the Navy since 1918. Graduated from the Naval School named after. M.V. Frunze (1926), navigator class of the SKKS Red Army Navy (1930), courses for destroyer commanders (1937), formation commanders (1938), academic courses for officers (1947) and the Naval Academy. K.E.Voroshilova. Participant in the Civil War. Jung on the destroyer "Attentive", USSR. naval crew, trawling detachment of the Black Sea Fleet. Watch chief of the minesweeper "Jalita", cruiser "Comintern", flag navigator of the gunboat division. From July 1931, senior navigator, senior assistant commander of the destroyer "Shaumyan", from March 1935, commander of the patrol ship "Shkval", from November 1936, commander of the patrol ship division, from May 1937, commander of the destroyer "Nezamozhnik", from Oct. 1937 division commander, minesweeper brigade. Since Aug. 1939 commander of the defensive military region of the Main Base of the Black Sea Fleet. Rear Admiral (1940).
F. entered the Great Patriotic War in this position, solving problems of organizing the defense of the Main Fleet Base, ensuring uninterrupted regime in its zone, performing patrol duty, escorting ships, and delivering reinforcements, ammunition, weapons and cargo to Sevastopol.

Rozanov, 1945, Novorossiysk (Photo from the family archive of V.F. Rozanov)

What can you say about your commander, Vice Admiral V.G. Fadeev?
- Fadeev was very open to the people. Very caring about the sailors, a sincere person. It used to be that we’d go on a mission and come back, two weeks later, he’d come to us by car at the pier, and immediately turn not to the boat commander, but to the sailors: “When were you in the bathhouse? How about the food?" First of all, he resolved such issues. Well, he drove the officers and quartermasters who were responsible for the supply of food and the organization of healthcare. He was very demanding. He was our brigade commander, which included different divisions - large minesweepers, and our 1st Red Banner "Sea Hunters" division. And then he already became the commander of the Sevastopol naval base, he was already a vice admiral.

The book “Experience in combating enemy mine weapons” in the OVR of the Main Base of the Black Sea Fleet is of great value, since on the basis of this experience the “Manual on sweeping proximity mines” was developed (order of the NK of the Navy No. 0467).

The entire experience of the struggle was summarized directly by the organizer of the trawling, Rear Admiral Comrade. Fadeev Vladimir Georgievich, who for the first time created a mine defense against enemy proximity mines.
The work done on PMO in the OVR GB Black Fleet completely prevented the enemy’s attempt to blockade the main naval base of Sevastopol.
As a result of this, it was possible for our ships and boats to make 15,867 trips to besieged Sevastopol to ensure its defense. - Fadeev Vladimir Georgievich. - Memorial plaques of Sevastopol

Hero of the Soviet Union Vladimir Nikolaevich ALEXEEV

Genus. 09/08/1912 in the village. Kimiltei, Ziminsky district, Irkutsk region. Member of the All-Union Communist Party (b. 1941. In 1932 he graduated from the Leningrad Marine College, was an assistant captain of the ship.
In the Navy since 1933. Graduated from special courses for Navy command personnel. Navigator of the submarine "Shch-12: submarine division, flag navigator of the BTKA (Pacific Fleet). Illegally repressed in August 1938. Reinstated in the Navy in February 1939. Flight commander, detachment, chief of staff of the TKA division (05.39-04.1942). Graduated in 1944 Naval Academy.
In the Great Patriotic War from Jan. 1944 to May 9, 1945 in the Northern Fleet. During the hostilities, the 3rd division of the torpedo boat brigade under the command of Captain 2nd Rank A. sank 17 enemy ships. The title of Hero of the Soviet Union was awarded on November 5, 1944. At the Victory Parade - Chief of Staff of the Combined Regiment. Captain 2nd rank, chief of staff of the Pechenga Red Banner Order of Ushakov 1st class. brigade of torpedo boats of the Northern Fleet.
After the war he continued to serve in the Navy. He commanded a formation of ships. In 1953 he graduated from the Military Academy of the General Staff. He was an assistant to the representative of the Chief Commander for the Navy in the Romanian Army, commander of the Liepaja Naval Base, first deputy chief of the 1st Naval Staff, and worked at the General Staff Academy. Since Oct. 1986 Admiral A. retired. Laureate of the USSR State Prize (1980).
Awarded the Orders of Lenin, the October Revolution, 5 Orders of the Red Banner, 2 Orders of the Patriotic War, 1st class, Order of the Red Star, “For Service to the Motherland in the USSR Armed Forces, 3rd class,” medals.
Died in July 1999.

The most vivid memory of military operations is the attack of torpedo boats in the Barents Sea in 1943.
“This attack went down in the history of our fleet,” says the veteran. “There was a German caravan at sea, and we received a command: attack!” But the caravan is always protected by destroyers... Our commander was a captain second rank Alekseev (Hero of the Soviet Union Alekseev Vladimir Nikolaevich), and this is what he came up with. Each torpedo boat commander was given a course point to go to. The calculation was as follows: the boat goes to the desired point, a torpedo attack follows, and the ship ends up in the very place where the torpedoes went. They gave a smoke screen. The Germans didn't see us. Our boats surface, throw torpedoes and leave. And so we killed six units of the enemy fleet. This is Alekseev’s personal merit, because we didn’t lose a single boat! -Pigarev D.T. On torpedo boats. - M.: Military Publishing House, 1963.

DUBINA Alexander Davidovich

V.G. Fadeev (commander of the combined regiment), captain 2nd rank F.D. Sharoiko (deputy regiment commander for political affairs), Colonel A.D. Dubina (deputy regiment commander for combat units), Hero of the Soviet Union captain 2 1st rank V.N. Alekseev (chief of staff of the regiment), Hero of the Soviet Union, Lieutenant Colonel of the Coastal Service F.E. Kotanov (commander of the 1st battalion), guard captain 3rd rank G.K. Nikiporets (commander of the 1st company )

Born 05/19/1887 in the village. Verviy is now Letichevsky district, Khmelnytsky region, Ukraine. Member of the CPSU(b) since 1933. He graduated from a rural school, four classes of a real school (as an external student), and a naval rifle team in Oranienbaum (1909).
In May 1919 he voluntarily enlisted in the Black Sea Fleet crew in Nikolaev. During the Civil War of 1918-1920. As part of the 1st communist detachment, as an assistant to the head of a special detachment of sailors, he participated in the battles against Denikin’s army on the Southern Front. Since Oct. 1919 to Dec. 1920 in stock. On Dec. In 1920 he was called up again for military service and served in the Dnieper and then the Don flotillas. From Sep. 1921 as part of the Black Sea Naval Forces - head of the training team of the naval crew, head. combat unit of the machine school, head of the combat unit of the training detachment. Since Aug. 1923 to Apr. 1925 - company commander, assistant commander, commander of the Black Sea naval crew. Since Apr. 1925 to July 1928 - commander of the combined training battalion of the MSChM training detachment. In July 1928 he was appointed commander of the Baltic naval crew. On Dec. 1938 was transferred to the reserve with the rank of brigade commander.
In Jan. 1945 called up and appointed head of the combat department of the Navy Quartermaster School with the military rank of "Colonel". At the parade - deputy commander of the combined Navy regiment for combat units. “During the period of work at the school, he achieved positive results in improving military discipline and training cadets in combat. He worked a lot to prepare cadets for participation in the parade in Moscow,” noted in the award sheet.
After the war he continued to serve at the same school.
Awarded 2 Orders of the Red Star and medals.
Died 1947

To be continued.

Veryuzhsky Nikolay Aleksandrovich (VNA), Gorlov Oleg Aleksandrovich (OAS), Maksimov Valentin Vladimirovich (MVV), KSV.
198188. St. Petersburg, st. Marshala Govorova, building 11/3, apt. 70. Karasev Sergey Vladimirovich, archivist. [email protected]

To commemorate the victory over Germany in the Great Patriotic War, I appoint a parade of troops of the Active Army, Navy and Moscow Garrison on June 24, 1945 in Moscow on Red Square - the Victory Parade.

Bring to the parade: consolidated regiments of the fronts, consolidated regiment of the People's Commissariat of Defense, consolidated regiment of the Navy, military academies, military schools and troops of the Moscow garrison.

The Victory Parade will be hosted by my Deputy Marshal of the Soviet Union Zhukov.

Command the Victory Parade to Marshal of the Soviet Union Rokossovsky.

I entrust general leadership for organizing the parade to the commander of the Moscow Military District and the head of the garrison of the city of Moscow, Colonel General Artemyev.

Supreme Commander-in-Chief,
Marshal of the Soviet Union
I. Stalin

The Supreme Commander-in-Chief ordered:

1. To participate in the parade in Moscow, in honor of the victory over Germany, select a combined regiment from the front.
2. The combined regiment will be formed according to the following calculation: five two-company battalions of 100 people each. in each company (10 squads of 10 people). In addition, 19 people. command staff based on the commander of regiment 1, deputy. commander of regiment 2 (combatant and political unit), chief of staff of regiment 1, battalion commanders 5, company commanders 10 and 36 people. flag bearers with 4 assistant officers; in the combined regiment there are 1059 people. and 10 people spares.
3. The combined regiment has six companies of infantry, one company of artillerymen, one company of tank crews, one company of pilots and one combined company - cavalrymen, sappers, signalmen.
4. The companies should be staffed so that the squad commanders are mid-level officers, and the squads are composed of privates and sergeants.
5. Personnel to participate in the parade will be selected from among the soldiers and officers who have most distinguished themselves in battle and have military orders.
6. The combined regiment is to be armed with: three rifle companies - with rifles, three rifle companies - with machine guns, a company of artillerymen - with carbines on their backs, a company of tankers and a company of pilots - with pistols, a company of sappers, signalmen and cavalrymen - with carbines on their backs, and cavalrymen, in addition, with swords.
7. The front commander and all army commanders, including the air and tank armies, will come to the parade.
8. The combined regiment arrives in Moscow on June 10 of this year, having with it thirty-six battle flags of the formations and units of the front that most distinguished themselves in battles and all the battle banners of the enemy formations and units captured in battles by the front troops, regardless of their number.
9. Ceremonial uniforms for the entire regiment will be issued in Moscow.

On June 22, 1945, Order No. 370 of the Supreme Commander-in-Chief was published in the central newspapers of the USSR. It began with the words: “In commemoration of the victory over Germany in the Great Patriotic War, I appoint a parade of troops of the Active Army, Navy and Moscow Garrison on June 24, 1945 in Moscow on Red Square - the Victory Parade.”

Two famous marshals of the Soviet Union, Georgy Zhukov and Konstantin Rokossovsky, were entrusted with steering the parade.

Witnesses said that Joseph Vissarionovich was at first going to host the parade himself, but shortly before June 24 he changed his mind: although he himself knew how to ride a horse and tried to restore his skills, the horse carried him away. The General Staff was in charge of preparations. It’s a troublesome task, similar to a front-line operation: to select 40 thousand of the most distinguished soldiers from the troops and transfer them along with their equipment to Moscow by June 10.

The railway workers drove the letter trains out of turn. But people had to not only be accommodated, but also dressed. The order was entrusted to the Bolshevichka factory, and city studios were also involved. The equipment was concentrated at the training ground in Kuzminki. The possibility of rain was taken into account: to prevent the horses from slipping, the paving stones in the square were sprinkled with tyrsa - a mixture of sand and sawdust. In honor of the parade, a 26-meter Fountain of Winners was erected at Lobnoye Mesto. Then it was removed. They thought it was ridiculous...

The first in the area was the consolidated regiment of Suvorov drummers, followed by the consolidated regiments of 11 fronts in the order of their location in the theater of military operations at the end of the war - from north to south - and the regiment of the Navy. Representatives of the Polish Army marched with the regiment of the 1st Belorussian Front in a special column.

Ahead of the regiments (each with 1,059 people) are the commanders of the fronts and armies. Banner bearers with assistants - Heroes of the Soviet Union - carried 36 banners of formations and units of each front that distinguished themselves in battle. And for each regiment, an orchestra of 1,400 musicians performed a special march.

Behind the regiments, 200 soldiers approached the Mausoleum, from where Stalin watched the parade, and they threw the banners of the defeated enemy divisions onto a special wooden platform at the foot. The first is Hitler's Life Standard. In the evening of the same day, the platform and the soldiers' gloves were burned. This is disinfection from the fascist infection.

Marching along Red Square, the troops turned their heads towards the podium of the Mausoleum, and when passing by representatives of the Allies (who had delayed the opening of the second front for so long), they pointedly did not do this, keeping their heads straight. The passage was completed by a regiment of the People's Commissariat of Defense, "boxes" of military academies and schools, a cavalry brigade, artillery, mechanized, airborne and tank units.

The parade lasted two hours and nine minutes. It was pouring rain all this time. Because of it, the aerial part of the parade and the passage of columns of workers were canceled.

What's a parade without technology? They showed what they fought with. Brigades of heavy Joseph Stalin-2 tanks and medium T-34 tanks, recognized as the best tanks of World War II. Regiments of self-propelled “hunter-killers” ISU-152, ISU-122 and SU-100, whose shells pierced right through the armor of both sides of the German “Tigers” and “Panthers”. Battalions of light SU-76, nicknamed “the death of four tankers.” Next came the famous Katyushas, ​​artillery of all calibers: from 203 mm to 45 mm and mortars. The steel avalanche rolled across the area for 50 minutes!

A parade participant recalled: “With greedy interest, as we passed by the Mausoleum, I looked at Stalin’s face for several seconds without stopping. It was thoughtful, calm, tired and stern. And motionless. No one stood close to Stalin; there was some kind of space, a sphere, an exclusion zone around him. He stood alone. I didn’t experience any special feelings other than curiosity. The Supreme Commander was out of reach. I left Red Square inspired. The world was arranged correctly: we won. I felt like a part of the victorious people..."

2,500 guests were invited to the Kremlin reception on the occasion of the parade. On it, Stalin made his famous toast, which included the following words: “I drink, first of all, to the health of the Russian people because they are the most outstanding nation of all the nations that make up the Soviet Union... I raise a toast to the health Russian people not only because they are the leading people, but also because they have a clear mind, persistent character and patience... Thanks to them, the Russian people, for this trust!”

Stalin did not arrange such celebrations again either on June 24 or on May 9: he understood that the country needed to be restored. Only in 1965 did Victory Day become an official holiday in our country, and parades began to be held regularly on May 9.

On June 24, 1945, a legendary parade was held on Red Square in Moscow in honor of the end of the Great Patriotic War. 24 marshals, 249 generals, 2,536 officers and 31,116 privates and sergeants took part in the parade. In addition, the audience was shown 1,850 pieces of military equipment. Interesting facts about the first Victory Parade in the history of our country await you below.

1. The Victory Parade was hosted by Marshal Georgy Konstantinovich Zhukov, not Stalin. A week before the parade day, Stalin called Zhukov to his dacha and asked if the marshal had forgotten how to ride a horse. He has to drive staff cars more and more. Zhukov replied that he had not forgotten how to do it and in his spare time he tried to ride a horse.
“That’s it,” said the Supreme Commander, “you will have to host the Victory Parade.” Rokossovsky will command the parade.
Zhukov was surprised, but didn’t show it:
– Thank you for such an honor, but wouldn’t it be better for you to host the parade?
And Stalin told him:
“I’m too old to host parades.” Take it, you are younger.

The next day, Zhukov went to the Central Airfield on the former Khodynka - a parade rehearsal was taking place there - and met with Vasily, Stalin’s son. And it was here that Vasily amazed the marshal. He told me in confidence that my father himself was going to host the parade. I ordered Marshal Budyonny to prepare a suitable horse and went to Khamovniki, to the main army riding arena on Chudovka, as Komsomolsky Prospekt was called then. There, the army cavalrymen set up their magnificent arena - a huge, high hall, covered in large mirrors. It was here that Stalin came on June 16, 1945 to shake off the old days and check whether the horseman’s skills had not been lost over time. At a sign from Budyonny, they brought the snow-white horse and helped Stalin into the saddle. Gathering the reins in his left hand, which always remained bent at the elbow and only half active, which is why the evil tongues of his party comrades called the leader “Sukhorukiy,” Stalin spurred the restive horse - and he rushed off...
The rider fell out of the saddle and, despite the thick layer of sawdust, hit his side and head painfully... Everyone rushed to him and helped him up. Budyonny, a timid man, looked at the leader with fear... But there were no consequences.

2. The Victory Banner, brought to Moscow on June 20, 1945, was to be carried across Red Square. And the crew of the flag bearers was specially trained. The Keeper of the Banner at the Museum of the Soviet Army, A. Dementyev, argued: the flag bearer Neustroyev and his assistants Egorov, Kantaria and Berest, who hoisted it over the Reichstag and were sent to Moscow, went through the rehearsal extremely unsuccessfully - they had no time for drill training in the war. By the age of 22, Neustroev had five wounds and his legs were damaged. Appointing other standard bearers is absurd and too late. Zhukov decided not to carry the Banner. Therefore, contrary to popular belief, there was no Banner at the Victory Parade. The first time the Banner was carried out at the parade was in 1965.

3. The question has arisen more than once: why does the Banner lack a strip 73 centimeters long and 3 centimeters wide, since the panels of all assault flags were cut the same size? There are two versions. First: he tore off the strip and took it as a souvenir on May 2, 1945, who was on the roof of the Reichstag, Private Alexander Kharkov, a Katyusha gunner from the 92nd Guards Mortar Regiment. But how could he know that this particular chintz cloth, one of several, would become the Victory Banner?
Second version: The banner was kept in the political department of the 150th Infantry Division. Mostly women worked there, who began to be demobilized in the summer of 1945. They decided to keep a souvenir for themselves, cut off a strip and divided it into pieces. This version is the most likely: in the early 70s, a woman came to the Museum of the Soviet Army, told this story and showed her scrap.

4. Everyone saw the footage of fascist banners being thrown at the foot of the Mausoleum. But it is curious that the soldiers carried 200 banners and standards of the defeated German units with gloves, emphasizing that it was disgusting to even take the shafts of these standards into your hands. And they threw them onto a special platform so that the standards would not touch the pavement of Red Square. Hitler’s personal standard was thrown first, the last was the banner of Vlasov’s army. And in the evening of the same day, the platform and all the gloves were burned.

5. The directive on preparations for the parade was sent to the troops within a month, at the end of May. And the exact date of the parade was determined by the time required for Moscow garment factories to sew 10 thousand sets of ceremonial uniforms for soldiers, and the time required for sewing uniforms for officers and generals in the atelier.

6. To participate in the Victory Parade, it was necessary to go through a strict selection: not only feats and merits were taken into account, but also the appearance corresponding to the appearance of the victorious warrior, and that the warrior was at least 170 cm tall. It is not for nothing that in the newsreels all the participants in the parade are simply handsome , especially pilots. Going to Moscow, the lucky ones did not yet know that they would have to practice drill for 10 hours a day for three and a half minutes of flawless march along Red Square.

7. Fifteen minutes before the start of the parade, it began to rain, turning into downpour. It only cleared up in the evening. Because of this, the aerial part of the parade was cancelled. Standing on the podium of the Mausoleum, Stalin was dressed in a raincoat and rubber boots, depending on the weather. But the marshals were soaked through. Rokossovsky's wet ceremonial uniform, when dry, shrunk so that it turned out to be impossible to take it off - he had to rip it open.

8. Zhukov’s ceremonial speech survived. It is interesting that in its margins someone carefully wrote down all the intonations with which the marshal was supposed to pronounce this text. The most interesting notes: “quieter, more severe” - in the words: “Four years ago, Nazi hordes of bandits attacked our country”; “louder, with increasing intensity” - on the boldly underlined phrase: “The Red Army, under the leadership of its brilliant commander, launched a decisive offensive.” And here it is: “quieter, more penetrating” - starting with the sentence “We won the victory at the cost of heavy sacrifices.”

9. Few people know that there were four epoch-making parades in 1945. The first in importance, undoubtedly, is the Victory Parade on June 24, 1945 on Red Square in Moscow. The parade of Soviet troops in Berlin took place on May 4, 1945 at the Brandenburg Gate, and was hosted by the military commandant of Berlin, General N. Berzarin.
The Allied Victory Parade was held in Berlin on September 7, 1945. This was Zhukov’s proposal after the Moscow Victory Parade. A combined regiment of a thousand men and armored units participated from each allied nation. But the 52 IS-3 tanks from our 2nd Guards Tank Army aroused general admiration.
The Victory Parade of Soviet troops in Harbin on September 16, 1945 was reminiscent of the first parade in Berlin: our soldiers marched in field uniform. Tanks and self-propelled guns brought up the rear of the column.

10. After the parade on June 24, 1945, Victory Day was not widely celebrated and was an ordinary working day. Only in 1965 did Victory Day become a public holiday. After the collapse of the USSR, Victory Parades were not held until 1995.

11. Why was one dog carried in the arms of a Stalinist overcoat at the Victory Parade on June 24, 1945?

During World War II, trained dogs actively helped sappers clear mines. One of them, nicknamed Dzhulbars, discovered 7,468 mines and more than 150 shells while clearing mines in European countries in the last year of the war. Shortly before the Victory Parade in Moscow on June 24, Dzhulbars was injured and could not participate in the military dog ​​school. Then Stalin ordered the dog to be carried across Red Square on his overcoat.

70 years ago, on June 24, 1945, the Victory Parade took place on Red Square in Moscow. It was a triumph of the victorious Soviet people, who defeated Nazi Germany, which led the united forces of Europe in the Great Patriotic War.

The decision to hold a parade in honor of the victory over Germany was made by Supreme Commander-in-Chief Joseph Vissarionovich Stalin shortly after Victory Day - in mid-May 1945. Deputy Chief of the General Staff, Army General S.M. Shtemenko recalled: “The Supreme Commander-in-Chief ordered us to think over and report to him our thoughts on the parade to commemorate the victory over Nazi Germany, and indicated: “We need to prepare and hold a special parade. Let representatives of all fronts and all branches of the military take part in it..."

On May 24, 1945, the General Staff presented Joseph Stalin with its considerations for holding a “special parade.” The Supreme Commander accepted them, but postponed the date of the parade. The General Staff asked for two months to prepare. Stalin gave instructions to hold the parade in a month. On the same day, the commanders of the Leningrad, 1st and 2nd Belorussian, 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th Ukrainian Fronts received a directive from the Chief of the General Staff, Army General Alexei Innokentyevich Antonov, to hold a parade:

The Supreme Commander-in-Chief ordered:

1. To participate in the parade in the city of Moscow in honor of the victory over Germany, select a consolidated regiment from the front.

2. Form the consolidated regiment according to the following calculation: five two-company battalions of 100 people in each company (ten squads of 10 people). In addition, 19 command personnel consisting of: regiment commander - 1, deputy regiment commander - 2 (combatant and political), regimental chief of staff - 1, battalion commanders - 5, company commanders - 10 and 36 flag bearers with 4 assistant officers. In total there are 1059 people in the combined regiment and 10 reserve people.

3. In a consolidated regiment, have six companies of infantry, one company of artillerymen, one company of tank crews, one company of pilots and one composite company (cavalrymen, sappers, signalmen).

4. The companies should be staffed so that the squad commanders are mid-level officers, and in each squad there are privates and sergeants.

5. Personnel to participate in the parade shall be selected from among the soldiers and officers who have most distinguished themselves in battle and have military orders.

6. Arm the combined regiment with: three rifle companies - with rifles, three rifle companies - with machine guns, a company of artillerymen - with carbines on their backs, a company of tankers and a company of pilots - with pistols, a company of sappers, signalmen and cavalrymen - with carbines on their backs, cavalrymen, in addition - checkers.

7. The front commander and all commanders, including the aviation and tank armies, arrive at the parade.

8. The consolidated regiment arrive in Moscow on June 10, 1945, with 36 combat banners, the most distinguished formations and units of the front in battles, and all enemy banners captured in battle, regardless of their number.

9. Ceremonial uniforms for the entire regiment will be issued in Moscow.

Defeated standards of Hitler's troops

Ten combined regiments of the fronts and a combined regiment of the Navy were supposed to participate in the festive event. Students of military academies, cadets of military schools and troops of the Moscow garrison, as well as military equipment, including aircraft, were also involved in the parade. At the same time, the troops that existed as of May 9, 1945 of seven more fronts of the USSR Armed Forces did not take part in the parade: Transcaucasian Front, Far Eastern Front, Transbaikal Front, Western Air Defense Front, Central Air Defense Front, Southwestern Air Defense Front and Transcaucasian Air Defense Front.

The troops immediately began creating consolidated regiments. The fighters for the country's main parade were meticulously selected. First of all, they took those who showed heroism, courage and military skill in battles. Qualities such as height and age mattered. For example, the order for the troops of the 1st Belorussian Front dated May 24, 1945 stated that height should be no lower than 176 cm, and age no older than 30 years.

At the end of May the regiments were formed. According to the order of May 24, the combined regiment was supposed to have 1059 people and 10 reserve people, but in the end the number was increased to 1465 people and 10 reserve people. The commanders of the combined regiments were determined to be:

- from the Karelian Front - Major General G. E. Kalinovsky;

- from Leningradsky - Major General A. T. Stupchenko;

- from the 1st Baltic - Lieutenant General A.I. Lopatin;

- from the 3rd Belorussian - Lieutenant General P.K. Koshevoy;

- from the 2nd Belorussian - Lieutenant General K. M. Erastov;

- from the 1st Belorussian - Lieutenant General I.P. Rosly;

- from the 1st Ukrainian - Major General G.V. Baklanov;

- from the 4th Ukrainian - Lieutenant General A. L. Bondarev;

- from the 2nd Ukrainian - Guard, Lieutenant General I. M. Afonin;

- from the 3rd Ukrainian - Guard, Lieutenant General N.I. Biryukov;

- from the Navy - Vice Admiral V. G. Fadeev.

The Victory Parade was hosted by Marshal of the Soviet Union Georgy Konstantinovich Zhukov. The parade was commanded by Marshal of the Soviet Union Konstantin Konstantinovich Rokossovsky. The entire organization of the parade was led by the commander of the Moscow Military District and the head of the Moscow garrison, Colonel General Pavel Artemyevich Artemyev.

Marshal G.K. Zhukov accepts the Victory Parade in Moscow

During the organization of the parade, a number of problems had to be solved in a very short time. So, if students of military academies, cadets of military schools in the capital and soldiers of the Moscow garrison had ceremonial uniforms, then thousands of front-line soldiers needed to sew them. This problem was solved by garment factories in Moscow and the Moscow region. And the responsible task of preparing ten standards, under which the combined regiments were to march, was entrusted to a unit of military builders. However, their project was rejected. In an emergency, we turned to specialists from the Bolshoi Theater art and production workshops for help. The head of the art and props shop, V. Terzibashyan, and the head of the metalworking and mechanical shop, N. Chistyakov, coped with the assigned task. A horizontal metal pin with “golden” spiers at the ends was attached to a vertical oak shaft with a silver wreath, which framed a gold five-pointed star. On it hung a double-sided scarlet velvet panel of the standard, bordered with gold patterned hand lettering and with the name of the front. Individual heavy golden tassels fell along the sides. This sketch was accepted. Hundreds of order ribbons, which crowned the staffs of 360 battle flags, which were carried at the head of the combined regiments, were also made in the workshops of the Bolshoi Theater. Each banner represented a military unit or formation that had distinguished itself in battle, and each of the ribbons commemorated a collective feat, marked by a military order. Most of the banners were guards.

By June 10, special trains carrying parade participants began arriving in the capital. In total, 24 marshals, 249 generals, 2,536 officers, 31,116 privates and sergeants took part in the parade. Hundreds of military equipment were prepared for the parade. The training took place at the Central Airfield named after M.V. Frunze. Soldiers and officers trained for 6-7 hours every day. And all this for the sake of three and a half minutes of immaculate march across Red Square. The parade participants were the first in the army to be awarded the medal “For Victory over Germany in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945,” established on May 9, 1945.

At the direction of the General Staff, about 900 units of captured banners and standards were delivered to Moscow from Berlin and Dresden. Of these, 200 banners and standards were selected and placed under guard in a special room. On the day of the parade, they were taken in covered trucks to Red Square and handed over to the soldiers of the parade company of “porters.” Soviet soldiers carried enemy banners and standards with gloves, emphasizing that it was disgusting to even hold the poles of these symbols in your hands. At the parade, they will be thrown onto a special platform so that the standards do not touch the pavement of the sacred Red Square. Hitler's personal standard will be thrown first, the last - the banner of Vlasov's army. Later this platform and gloves will be burned.

The parade was planned to begin with the removal of the Victory Banner, which was delivered to the capital on June 20 from Berlin. However, the standard bearer Neustroyev and his assistants Egorov, Kantaria and Berest, who hoisted it above the Reichstag and sent to Moscow, went extremely poorly at the rehearsal. During the war there was no time for drill training. The same battalion commander of the 150th Idritso-Berlin Rifle Division, Stepan Neustroev, had several wounds and his legs were damaged. As a result, they refused to carry out the Victory Banner. By order of Marshal Zhukov, the banner was transferred to the Central Museum of the Armed Forces. The Victory Banner was brought to the parade for the first time in 1965.

Victory parade. Standard bearers

Victory parade. Formation of sailors

Victory parade. Formation of tank officers

Kuban Cossacks

On June 22, 1945, order No. 370 of the Supreme Commander-in-Chief was published in the central newspapers of the Union:

Order of the Supreme Commander-in-Chief

“In commemoration of the victory over Germany in the Great Patriotic War, I appoint a parade of troops of the active army, the Navy and the Moscow garrison on June 24, 1945 in Moscow on Red Square - the Victory Parade.

Bring the combined front regiments, the combined regiment of the People's Commissariat of Defense, the combined regiment of the Navy, military academies, military schools and troops of the Moscow garrison to the parade.

The Victory Parade will be hosted by my Deputy Marshal of the Soviet Union Zhukov.

Command the Victory Parade to Marshal of the Soviet Union Rokossovsky.

I entrust general leadership for organizing the parade to the commander of the Moscow Military District and the head of the garrison of the city of Moscow, Colonel General Artemyev.”

Supreme Commander

Marshal of the Soviet Union I. Stalin.

The morning of June 24 turned out to be rainy. Fifteen minutes before the parade started, it started to rain. The weather improved only in the evening. Because of this, the aviation part of the parade and the passage of Soviet workers were canceled. At exactly 10 o'clock, with the Kremlin chimes striking, Marshal Zhukov rode out onto Red Square on a white horse. At 10:50 a.m. the troop detour began. The Grand Marshal alternately greeted the soldiers of the combined regiments and congratulated the Parade participants on the victory over Germany. The troops responded with a mighty “Hurray!” Having toured the regiments, Georgy Konstantinovich rose to the podium. The Marshal congratulated the Soviet people and their valiant armed forces on their victory. Then the USSR anthem was played, performed by 1,400 military musicians, 50 artillery salutes thundered, and three times the Russian “Hurray!” echoed over the square.

The ceremonial march of the victorious soldiers was opened by the commander of the parade, Marshal of the Soviet Union Rokossovsky. He was followed by a group of young drummers, students of the 2nd Moscow Military Music School. Behind them came the consolidated regiments of the fronts in the order in which they were located during the Great Patriotic War, from north to south. The first was the regiment of the Karelian Front, then the Leningrad, 1st Baltic, 3rd Belorussian, 2nd Belorussian, 1st Belorussian (there was a group of soldiers of the Polish Army), 1st Ukrainian, 4th Ukrainian, 2nd th Ukrainian and 3rd Ukrainian fronts. The combined regiment of the Navy brought up the rear of the solemn procession.

The movement of the troops was accompanied by a huge orchestra of 1,400 people. Each combined regiment marches through its own battle march almost without pause. Then the orchestra fell silent and 80 drums beat in silence. A group of soldiers appeared carrying 200 lowered banners and standards of the defeated German troops. They threw banners onto the wooden platforms near the Mausoleum. The stands exploded with applause. It was an act full of sacred meaning, a kind of sacred rite. The symbols of Hitler’s Germany, and therefore of “European Union 1,” were defeated. Soviet civilization has proven its superiority over the West.

After this the orchestra started playing again. Units of the Moscow garrison, a combined regiment of the People's Commissariat of Defense, students of military academies and cadets of military schools marched across Red Square. Closing the march were students of the Suvorov schools, the future of the victorious Red Empire.

Then a combined cavalry brigade led by Lieutenant General N. Ya. Kirichenko trotted past the stands, and crews of anti-aircraft guns on vehicles, batteries of anti-tank and large-caliber artillery, guards mortars, motorcyclists, armored vehicles, and vehicles with paratroopers passed by. The parade of equipment was continued by the best tanks of the Great Patriotic War, T-34 and IS, and self-propelled artillery units. The parade ended on Red Square with the march of the combined orchestra.

The parade lasted 2 hours in heavy rain. However, this did not bother people and did not spoil the holiday. The orchestras played and the celebration continued. Late in the evening the fireworks began. At 23:00, out of 100 balloons raised by anti-aircraft gunners, 20 thousand missiles flew in volleys. Thus ended this great day. On June 25, 1945, a reception was held in the Grand Kremlin Palace in honor of the participants of the Victory Parade.

It was a real triumph of the victorious people, of Soviet civilization. The Soviet Union survived and won the most terrible war in human history. Our people and army defeated the most effective military machine in the Western world. They destroyed the terrible embryo of the “New World Order” - the “Eternal Reich”, in which they planned to destroy the entire Slavic world and enslave humanity. Unfortunately, this victory, like others, did not last forever. New generations of Russian people will again have to stand in the fight against world evil and defeat it.

As Russian President Vladimir Putin quite rightly noted in his written address addressed to visitors to the exhibition “Victory Parade of June 24, 1945,” which opened at the State Historical Museum on the eve of the 55th anniversary of the Victory Parade: “We must not forget about this strong parade. Historical memory is the key to a worthy future for Russia. We must adopt the main thing from the heroic generation of front-line soldiers - the habit of winning. This habit is very necessary in our peaceful life today. It will help the current generation build a strong, stable and prosperous Russia. I am confident that the spirit of the Great Victory will continue to preserve our Motherland in the new, 21st century.”

He recalled: “The Supreme Commander-in-Chief ordered us to think over and report to him our thoughts on the parade to commemorate the victory over Nazi Germany, and indicated: “We need to prepare and hold a special parade. Let representatives of all fronts and all branches of the military take part in it...”

May 24 I.V. Stalin was informed of the General Staff's proposals for holding the Victory Parade. He accepted them, but did not agree with the timing. While the General Staff allowed two months for preparations, Stalin ordered the parade to be held in a month. On the same day, a directive signed by the Chief of the General Staff, Army General, was sent to the commander of the troops of the Leningrad, 1st and 2nd Belorussian, 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th Ukrainian fronts:

“The Supreme Commander-in-Chief ordered:

To participate in the parade in the city of Moscow in honor of the victory over Germany, select a consolidated regiment from the front.

The combined regiment should be formed according to the following calculation: five two-company battalions of 100 people in each company (ten squads of 10 people). In addition, 19 command personnel consisting of: regiment commander - 1, deputy regiment commander - 2 (combatant and political), regimental chief of staff - 1, battalion commanders - 5, company commanders - 10 and 36 flag bearers with 4 assistant officers. In total there are 1059 people in the combined regiment and 10 reserve people.

In a combined regiment there should be six infantry companies, one artillery company, one tank company, one pilot company and one combined company (cavalrymen, sappers, signalmen).

The companies should be staffed so that the squad commanders are mid-level officers, and in each squad there are privates and sergeants.

Personnel to participate in the parade will be selected from among the soldiers and officers who have most distinguished themselves in battle and have military orders.

The combined regiment is to be armed with: three rifle companies - with rifles, three rifle companies - with machine guns, a company of artillerymen - with carbines on their backs, a company of tankers and a company of pilots - with pistols, a company of sappers, signalmen and cavalrymen - with carbines on their backs, and cavalrymen, in addition, with swords.

The front commander and all commanders, including the air and tank armies, will come to the parade.

The combined regiment arrives in Moscow on June 10, 1945, with 36 combat banners, the most distinguished formations and units of the front in battles, and all enemy banners captured in battles, regardless of their number.
Ceremonial uniforms for the entire regiment will be issued in Moscow.”

It was planned to bring ten combined regiments of the fronts and a combined regiment of the Navy to the parade. Students of military academies, cadets of military schools and troops of the Moscow garrison, as well as military equipment, including aviation, were also invited to participate in it.

At the fronts, they immediately began to form and staff consolidated regiments. Their personnel were selected with special care. The first candidates were those who showed courage and heroism, bravery and military skill in battle. Growth was also important. Thus, the order for the troops of the 1st Belorussian Front dated May 24, 1945 stated that height should be no lower than 176 cm, and age no older than 30 years. At the end of May, consolidated front regiments of five battalions were formed.

The commanders of the combined regiments were appointed:

• from the Karelian Front - Major General G.E. Kalinovsky
• from Leningradsky - Major General A.T. Stupchenko
• from the 1st Baltic - Lieutenant General
• from the 3rd Belorussian - Lieutenant General P.K. Koshevoy
• from the 2nd Belorussian - Lieutenant General K.M. Erastov
• from the 1st Belorussian - Lieutenant General I.P. Tall
• from the 1st Ukrainian - Major General G.V. Baklanov
• from the 4th Ukrainian - Lieutenant General A.L. Bondarev
• from the 2nd Ukrainian - Guard Lieutenant General I.M. Afonin
• from the 3rd Ukrainian - Guard Lieutenant General N.I. Biryukov.

Most of them were corps commanders. The combined naval regiment was headed by Vice Admiral V.G. Fadeev.

Although the directive of the General Staff determined the strength of each combined regiment at 1059 people with 10 reserves, during the course of recruitment it increased to 1465 people, but with the same number of reserves.

Many problems had to be solved in a very short time frame. So, if students of military academies, cadets of military schools of the capital and soldiers of the Moscow garrison, who were to march along Red Square on June 24, had ceremonial uniforms, regularly engaged in drill training, and many participated in the May Day parade of 1945, then with the preparation of more than 15 thousand front-line soldiers, everything was different. They had to be received, accommodated, and prepared for the parade. The most difficult thing was to manage the tailoring of the ceremonial uniforms on time. However, garment factories in Moscow and the Moscow region, which began sewing it at the end of May, managed to cope with this difficult task. By June 20, all parade participants were dressed in new-style ceremonial uniforms.

Another problem arose in connection with the production of ten standards, under which the combined regiments of the fronts were to parade. The execution of such a responsible task was entrusted to a unit of Moscow military builders, commanded by engineer major S. Maksimov. They worked around the clock to make a sample, but it was rejected. But there were about ten days left before the parade. It was decided to turn to specialists from the Bolshoi Theater art and production workshops for help. The head of the art and props shop, V. Terzibashyan, and the head of the metalworking and mechanical shop, N. Chistyakov, were involved in the production of the standards. Together with them we made a new sketch of the original form. A horizontal metal pin with “golden” spiers at the ends was attached to a vertical oak shaft with a silver wreath framing a gold five-pointed star. On it hung a double-sided scarlet velvet panel of the standard, bordered with gold patterned hand lettering and the name of the front. Individual heavy golden tassels fell along the sides. The sample was immediately approved, and the craftsmen completed the work even ahead of schedule.

The best of the best front-line soldiers were assigned to carry the standards at the head of the combined regiments. And here not everything went smoothly. The fact is that when assembled, the standard weighed more than 10 kg. Not everyone could walk along Red Square in a military step, holding it at arm's length. As always happens in such cases, people's ingenuity came to the rescue. The standard bearer of the cavalry regiment, I. Luchaninov, recalled how an unfurled knife banner was attached on the march. Based on this model, but in relation to the foot formation, the saddlery factory in two days produced special sword belts, slung on wide belts over the left shoulder, with a leather cup in which the standard shaft was attached. And many hundreds of order ribbons that crowned the staffs of 360 military banners, which had to be carried across Red Square at the head of the combined regiments, were made in the workshops of the Bolshoi Theater. Each banner represented a military unit or formation that had distinguished itself in battle, and each of the ribbons commemorated a collective feat, marked by a military order. Most of the banners were guards.

By June 10, special trains carrying parade participants began arriving in Moscow. The personnel were stationed in the Chernyshevsky, Aleshinsky, Oktyabrsky and Lefortovo barracks, in the towns of Khlebnikovo, Bolshevo, Likhobory. As part of the combined regiments, the soldiers began drills and training at the Central Airfield named after. They were held every day for six to seven hours. Intensive preparation for the parade required all its participants to exert all their physical and moral strength. Honored heroes did not receive any relief.

Horses were selected in advance for the host of the parade and the commander of the parade: for the marshal - a white light gray color of the Terek breed named “Idol”, for the marshal - a black krak color named “Polyus”.

The period of preparation for the parade was marked by a particularly joyful and exciting event for its participants - the presentation of awards. On May 24, 1945, Deputy Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR N.M. Shvernik handed over to the marshals G.K. Zhukov, K.K. Rokossovsky and F.I. Tolbukhin of the Order of Victory. June 12 M.I. Kalinin awarded Zhukov the third Golden Star, and Rokossovsky and Konev the second. At the same time, this award was received by I.X. Bagramyan and . Starting from June 10, 1945, the medal “For Victory over Germany in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945,” established on May 9, 1945, was the first in the Armed Forces to be awarded to front-line soldiers - participants in the Victory Parade. Along the way, orders and medals that had defects, as well as those awarded back in 1941-1943, were exchanged for new ones that appeared after the introduction of order bars in 1943.

At the direction of the General Staff, about 900 units of captured banners and standards were delivered to Moscow from units of the 1st Belorussian and 1st Ukrainian Fronts (from Berlin and Dresden). They were received in the gym of the Lefortovo barracks by the commander of the 181st Infantry Regiment of the 291st Infantry Division, Colonel A.K. Korkishko. 200 banners and standards, then selected by a special commission, were placed in a special room and taken under the protection of the military commandant of Moscow. On the day of the Victory Parade, they were taken to Red Square in covered trucks and handed over to the personnel of the parade company of “porters.”

On June 10, a company was formed from the front-line soldiers of the combined regiments (10 ranks, and 20 people in a rank). It was located in the parade formation opposite St. Basil's Cathedral. On the parade ground, where training began, the front-line soldiers did not look their best, but after all, aces were required, and not just combat soldiers. Things took off when, at the suggestion of the commandant of Moscow, Lieutenant General K. Sinilov, an excellent combat soldier, Senior Lieutenant D. Vovk, deputy commander of the honor guard company, was appointed commander. They trained with poles from soldiers' tents, 1.8 m long. But some could not withstand such physical exertion, while others did not go well with drill training. I had to do a partial replacement. The company included a group of tall warriors of the 3rd regiment of the division named after F.E. Dzerzhinsky. With their help, single combat training began. Recipient of two Orders of Glory S. Shipkin recalled: “We were drilled like recruits, our tunics did not dry out from sweat. But we were 20-25 years old, and the great joy of victory easily prevailed over fatigue. The classes were beneficial, and we were sincerely grateful to the Dzerzhinsky guys.” The company was prepared for the day of the parade. June 21, late evening, Marshal G.K. Zhukov examined the training of “porters” on Red Square and was satisfied.

Unfortunately, not everyone “passed the exam” at the dress rehearsal. According to the organizers, the march of troops was to begin with the removal of the Victory Banner, which was delivered to Moscow on June 20 from Berlin. But due to S.A.’s poor drill training. Neustroeva, M.A. Egorova and M.V. Kantaria Marshal G.K. Zhukov decided not to take it to the parade.
Two days before the parade, June 22, signed by the Supreme Commander-in-Chief, Marshal of the Soviet Union I.V. Stalin issued order No. 370:

“In commemoration of the victory over Germany in the Great Patriotic War, I appoint a parade of troops of the Active Army, Navy and Moscow Garrison on June 24, 1945 in Moscow on Red Square - the Victory Parade.

Bring the consolidated regiments of the fronts, the consolidated regiment of the People's Commissariat of Defense, the consolidated regiment of the Navy, military academies, military schools and troops of the Moscow garrison to the parade.

The Victory Parade will be hosted by my Deputy Marshal of the Soviet Union Zhukov.

Command the Victory Parade to Marshal of the Soviet Union Rokossovsky.

I entrust the general leadership for organizing the parade to the commander of the troops of the Moscow Military District and the head of the garrison of the city of Moscow, Colonel General Artemyev.”

And then the morning of June 24, 1945 came, cloudy and rainy. Water flowed down the helmets and uniforms of the consolidated regiments of the fronts, students of military academies, cadets of military schools and troops of the Moscow garrison, built by 8 o'clock. By nine o'clock, the granite stands at the Kremlin wall were filled to capacity with deputies of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR and the RSFSR, workers of the People's Commissariats, cultural figures, participants in the anniversary session of the USSR Academy of Sciences, workers of Moscow factories and factories, hierarchs of the Russian Orthodox Church, foreign diplomats and numerous foreign guests. At 9:45 am, to the applause of those gathered, members of the Politburo of the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of the All-Union Communist Party, headed by I.V., rose to the Mausoleum. Stalin.

Parade Commander K.K. Rokossovsky, on a black horse under a crimson saddle cloth, took a place to move towards G.K., the host of the parade. Zhukov. Exactly at 10 o'clock, with the striking of the Kremlin chimes, G.K. Zhukov rode out to Red Square on a white horse. Subsequently, he recalled the first minutes of the historical Parade: “Three minutes to ten. I was on horseback at the Spassky Gate. I clearly hear the command: “Parade, attention!” A roar of applause followed the team. The clock strikes 10.00... The powerful and solemn sounds of the melody “Hail!”, so dear to every Russian soul, rang out. M.I. Glinka. Then absolute silence immediately reigned, the clear words of the command of the parade commander, Marshal of the Soviet Union K.K. Rokossovsky..."

At 10:50 a.m. the troop detour began. G.K. Zhukov alternately greeted the soldiers of the combined regiments and congratulated the Parade participants on the victory over Germany. A mighty “Hurray” echoed like thunder over Red Square. Having toured the troops, the marshal rose to the podium. On instructions from the Central Committee of the Party and the Soviet government, Georgy Konstantinovich congratulated the Soviet people and their valiant Armed Forces on their victory. After this, the Anthem of the Soviet Union was solemnly played by 1,400 military musicians, 50 salvos of artillery salute were heard, and three times “Hurray!” rang out over the square.

The ceremonial march of the winners was opened by the commander of the parade, Marshal of the Soviet Union K.K. Rokossovsky. Following him was a group of young drummers - students of the 2nd Moscow Military Music School, followed by a combined regiment of the Karelian Front, led by the commander of its troops, Marshal, and then the combined regiments of the fronts in the order in which they were located during the war, from north to south - from the Barents Sea to the Black Sea. A combined regiment of the Leningrad Front, led by a marshal, marched behind the Karelian Front. Next, the combined regiment of the 1st Baltic Front, led by Army General I.X. Bagramyan. A marshal walked in front of the combined regiment of the 3rd Belorussian Front. The combined regiment of the 2nd Belorussian Front was led by the deputy commander of the front troops, Colonel General K.P. Trubnikov. Ahead of the combined regiment of the 1st Belorussian Front was also the deputy commander of the troops, Army General. The regiment also included a group of soldiers of the Polish Army, led by General of Armor V.V. Korchits. Then came the combined regiment of the 1st Ukrainian Front, led by Marshal I.S. Konev. The combined regiment of the 4th Ukrainian Front was led by Army General A.I. Eremenko. He was followed by the combined regiment of the 2nd Ukrainian Front with its commander, Marshal R.Ya. Malinovsky. And finally, the southernmost of the fronts - the 3rd Ukrainian, led by Marshal F.I. Tolbukhin. Closing the march of the combined regiments of the fronts was the combined regiment of the People's Commissariat of the Navy, led by Vice Admiral V.G. Fadeev.

A giant orchestra of 1,400 musicians accompanied the movement of the troops. Each combined regiment marches through its own battle march almost without pause. And suddenly the orchestra fell silent, and in this silence 80 drums began to beat. A special company came forward with two hundred enemy banners. Their banners almost dragged along the wet paving stones of the square. At the foot of the Mausoleum there were two wooden platforms. Having caught up with them, the fighters made a turn to the right and forcefully threw the pride of the Third Reich at them. The shafts fell with a dull thud. Cloths covered the platform. The stands exploded with applause. The drumming continued, and in front of the Mausoleum a mountain of enemy banners being put to shame grew. And over the years, this act, full of deep meaning, captured in photographs, posters, paintings, immortalized in books and films, does not fade.

But then the orchestra started playing again. Units of the Moscow garrison, led by the commander of the Moscow Military District, Colonel General P.A., entered the square. Artemyev. Behind him are the combined regiment of the People's Commissariat of Defense, students of military academies and cadets of military schools. Students from Suvorov schools brought up the rear in black and red uniforms and white gloves. Then a combined cavalry brigade led by Lieutenant General N.Ya. trotted past the stands. Kirichenko, crews of anti-aircraft guns in vehicles, batteries of anti-tank and large-caliber artillery, guards mortars, motorcyclists, armored vehicles, and vehicles with paratroopers passed by. The parade of equipment was continued by T-34 and IS tanks and self-propelled artillery units. The parade ended on Red Square with the march of the combined orchestra.

It lasted 2 hours (122 minutes) in pouring rain, but the thousands of people who filled Red Square seemed not to notice. However, the aviation flight over Red Square and the demonstration of the capital's workers were canceled due to bad weather. By evening the rain stopped, and the celebration continued on the streets of Moscow. Orchestras thundered in the squares. And soon the sky above the city lit up with festive fireworks. At 23:00, out of 100 balloons raised by anti-aircraft gunners, 20 thousand missiles flew in volleys. Thus ended that historic day. On June 25, 1945, a reception was held in the Grand Kremlin Palace in honor of the participants of the Victory Parade.

The military parade on June 24, 1945 is a triumph of the victorious people, the military art of Soviet commanders, all the Armed Forces, and their fighting spirit. It was attended by 24 marshals, 249 generals, 2,536 other officers, 31,116 sergeants and soldiers.

On May 9, 1995, to commemorate the 50th anniversary of Victory in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945, an anniversary parade of war participants and wartime home front workers with units of the Moscow garrison was held in Moscow on Red Square, which, according to its organizers, reproduced the historical Victory Parade 1945. The combined veteran regiments (457 people each) again represented all 10 fronts of the war years with their battle banners, the Victory Banner and the battle banners of 150 military units and formations were carried out. The order of building consolidated regiments was preserved. The parade was attended by 4,939 war veterans and home front workers during the war years from various regions of the country and neighboring countries. The total number of participants was 6803 people. Among them are 487 Heroes of the Soviet Union (including 5 people awarded this title twice), 4 Heroes of the Russian Federation and 109 full holders of the Order of Glory. The parade was hosted by the Marshal of the Soviet Union, the parade was commanded by Army General V.L. Govorov. The honor of carrying the Victory Banner at this parade was awarded to the participant of the 1945 Victory Parade, twice Hero of the Soviet Union, retired Colonel General of Aviation M.P. Odintsov.

President of Russia V.V. Putin, in his written address addressed to visitors to the exhibition “Victory Parade on June 24, 1945,” which opened at the State Historical Museum on the eve of the 55th anniversary of the Parade of Victors, emphasized: “We must not forget about this strong parade. Historical memory is the key to a worthy future for Russia. We must adopt the main thing from the heroic generation of front-line soldiers - the habit of winning. This habit is very necessary in our peaceful life today. It will help the current generation build a strong, stable and prosperous Russia. I am confident that the spirit of the Great Victory will continue to preserve our Motherland in the new, 21st century.”

Material prepared by the Research Institute
(military history) Military Academy
General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation

List of units participating in the parade

1. Infantry

2. Cavalry

3. Artillery

4. Armored and mechanized troops

Commandant of the city of Moscow
Lieutenant General Sinilov

List of unit commanders at the Victory Parade

Commandant of the city of Moscow
Lieutenant General Sinilov

List
trophy banners selected for the parade

Unit banners

1. 5th Cuirassier Regiment
2. 8th Cavalry Regiment
3. 3rd gr. istr. squadron "Horst Wessel"
4. 1st Dragoons
5. 10th Lancers Regiment
6. 3rd Cavalry Regiment
7. 12th Light Cavalry Regiment
8. 10th Mounted Infantry Regiment
9. 9th Mounted Infantry Regiment
10. 4th Hussars
11. 11th Mounted Infantry Regiment
12. 8th heavy drag regiment
13. 8th Ulansk. Cav. regiment
14. 1st Cuirassier Regiment
15. 4th Hussars
16. 4th Lancers Regiment
17. 1st Cavalier. regiment
18. 10th Dragoons
19. 1st Ulansk. kaval regiment
20. 4th Cavalry Regiment
21. 1st Cavalier. regiment
22. 2nd Cavalry Regiment
23. 2nd Uhlan Regiment
24. 6th Hussars
25. 4th Cavalry Regiment
26. 17th Artillery. regiment

Battalion Colors

1. 3rd Battalion, 57th Inf. shelf
2. 2nd Battalion, 1st Inf. shelf
3. 1st Battalion, 45th Inf. shelf
4. 3rd Battalion, 23rd Inf. shelf
5. 2nd Battalion, 30th Inf. shelf
6. 1st Battalion, 7th Inf. shelf
7. 1st Battalion, 3rd Inf. shelf
8. 3rd Battalion, 106th Inf. shelf
9. 1st Battalion, 49th Inf. shelf
10. 2nd Battalion, 83rd Inf. shelf
11. 2nd Battalion, 81st Inf. shelf
12. 1st Battalion, 84th Inf. shelf
13. 2nd Battalion, 24th Inf. shelf
14. 3rd Battalion, 2nd Inf. shelf
15. 9th Tank Battalion
16. 1st Battalion, 1st Inf. shelf
17. 2nd Battalion, 43rd Inf. shelf
18. 3rd Battalion, 44th Inf. shelf
19. 1st Battalion, 22nd Inf. shelf
20. 4th Battalion, 61st Inf. shelf
21. 1st Battalion, 36th Inf. shelf
22. 1st Battalion, 28th Inf. shelf
23. 2nd Battalion, 51st Inf. shelf
24. 2nd Battalion, 23rd Inf. shelf
25. 1st Battalion, 57th Inf. shelf
26. 2nd Battalion, 38th Inf. shelf
27. 1st Battalion, 30th Inf. shelf
28. 3rd Battalion, 43rd Inf. shelf
29. 2nd Battalion, 88th Inf. shelf
30. 2nd Battalion, 44th Inf. shelf
31. 1st Battalion, 106th Inf. shelf
32. 3rd Battalion, 1st Inf. shelf
33. 2nd Battalion, 3rd Inf. shelf
34. 1st Battalion, 51st Inf. shelf
35. 3rd Battalion, 88th Inf. shelf
36. 3rd Battalion, 7th Inf. shelf
37. 1st Battalion, 24th Inf. shelf
38. 2nd Battalion, 36th Inf. shelf
39. 3rd Battalion, 45th Inf. shelf
40. 3rd Battalion, 30th Inf. shelf
41. 1st Battalion, 83rd Inf. shelf
42. 3rd Battalion, 28th Inf. shelf
43. 2nd Battalion, 116th Inf. shelf
44. 3rd Battalion, 33rd Inf. shelf
45. 3rd Battalion, 22nd Inf. shelf
46. 3rd Battalion, 3rd Inf. shelf
47. 2nd Battalion, 22nd Inf. shelf
48. 2nd Battalion, 28th Inf. shelf
49. 2nd Battalion, 49th Inf. shelf
50. 3rd Battalion, 84th Inf. shelf
51. 1st Battalion, 59th Inf. shelf
52. 1st Battalion, 88th Inf. shelf
53. 2nd Battalion, 2nd Inf. shelf
54. 3rd Battalion, 24th Inf. shelf
55. 2nd Battalion, 84th Inf. shelf
56. 1st Battalion, 81st Inf. shelf
57. 1st Battalion, 23rd Inf. shelf
58. 2nd Battalion, 45th Inf. shelf
59. 2nd Battalion, 7th Inf. shelf
60. 1st Battalion, 43rd Inf. shelf
61. 2nd Battalion, 59th Inf. shelf
62. 1st Battalion, 116th Inf. shelf
63. 1st Battalion, 38th Inf. shelf
64. 3rd Battalion, 51st Inf. shelf
65. 2nd Battalion, 57th Inf. shelf
66. 3rd Battalion, 49th Inf. shelf
67. 3rd Battalion, 116th Inf. shelf
68. 1st Battalion, 6th Cavalry. shelf
69. 2nd Battalion, 71st Inf. shelf
70. 3rd Battalion, 71st Inf. shelf
71. 2nd Battalion, 15th Regiment. shelf
72. 2nd Battalion, 14th Inf. shelf
73. 1st battalion 2nd tank. shelf
74. 1st Battalion, 21st Regiment. shelf
75. 7th tank. communications battalion
76. 2nd baht. 7th page ca. shelf
77. 29th Engineer Battalion
78. 41st Signal Battalion
79. 1st Battalion, 7th Cavalry. shelf
80. 48th Signal Battalion
81. 2nd Battalion, 15th Inf. shelf
82. 15th Signal Battalion
83. 3rd Jaeger Battalion, 15th Infantry. shelf
84. 21st Signal Battalion
85. 1st Battalion, 71st Inf. shelf
86. 48th Engineer Battalion
87. 18th Signal Battalion
88. 15th bullet. battalion
89. 37th Signal Battalion
90. 1st Battalion 68th Engineer Regiment
91. 2nd Battalion, 7th Reserve Regiment
92. 58th Engineer Battalion
93. 4th RO
94. 59th bullet. battalion
95. 9th RO
96. 2nd Battalion, 116th Reserve Regiment
97. 9th autotrans. battalion
98. 1st scooter. battalion
99. 29th Signal Battalion
100. 2nd Battalion 68th Engineer Regiment
101. 1st Battalion, 15th Inf. shelf
102. 1st battalion 31st tank. shelf
103. 2nd Battalion, 15th Engineer Regiment
104. 1st battalion, 27th tank. shelf
105. 2nd Infantry Battalion shelf (no number)
106. 2nd Battalion, 6th Cavalry. shelf
107. 38th pool. battalion
108. 1st Battalion, 14th Cav. shelf
109. 28th Signal Battalion
110. 1st page by motor. battalion
111. 11th Signal Battalion
112. 1st battalion 1st tank. brig.
113. 1st Battalion, 13th Inf. shelf
114. 2nd battalion 1st tank. shelf
115. 41st Engineer Battalion
116. 9th pool. battalion
117. 2nd battalion 2nd tank. shelf
118. 1st battalion 15th tank. shelf
119. 2nd Battalion, 13th Inf. shelf
120. 1st RO
121. 29th RO
122. 1st Signal Battalion
123. 8th Signal Battalion
124. 11th Engineer Battalion
125. 3rd Battalion, 11th Res. shelf
126. 31st pool. battalion
127. 21st Engineer Battalion
128. 1st Engineer Battalion
129. 18th Engineer Battalion
130. 28th Engineer Battalion
131. 15th Engineer Battalion
132. 1st motorway battalion
133. 8th motorway battalion
134. 8th Engineer Battalion
135. 1st Jaegersk. battalion 2nd infantry shelf
136. 1st battalion 10th l. infantry shelf
137. 67th Tank Battalion

Division banners

• 3rd division of the 8th art. shelf
• 1st division of the 9th art. shelf
• 1st Division A.I.R.
• 2nd division of the 18th art. shelf
• 18th Division A.I.R.
• 2nd division of the 37th art. shelf
• 2nd division of the 78th art. shelf
• 2nd division of the 28th art. shelf
• 21st anti-tank. division
• 1st division of the 54th art. shelf
• 1st division of the 44th art. shelf
• 1st division of the 45th art. shelf
• 1st division of the 28th art. shelf
• 2nd division of the 47th art. shelf
• 28th Division A.I.R.
• 2nd division of the 21st art. shelf
• 3rd division of the 65th art. shelf
• 2nd division of the 64th art. regiment
• 2nd division of the 8th art. shelf
• 3rd division of the 9th art. shelf
• 1st division of the 8th art. shelf
• 3rd division of the 21st art. shelf
• 11th anti-tank. division
• 2nd division of the 9th art. shelf
• 15th anti-tank. division
• 1st division of the 116th artillery. shelf
• 1st division of the 15th art. shelf
• 3rd division of the 1st art. shelf
• 37th anti-tank. division
• 2nd division of the 44th art. shelf
• 1st division of the 57th art. shelf
• 9th anti-tank. division
• 1st Battalion 13 MSP
• 42nd VET Division
• 41st Sap. battalion
• 3rd Jaegersk. battalion 15th infantry. shelf

Colonel Peredelsky

Order of the Supreme Glavnokomandating

Held on June 24 this year. The Victory Parade of the troops of the active army, the Navy and units of the Moscow garrison showed good organization, coherence and drill training of all troops participating in the parade.

I express my gratitude to the marshals, generals, officers, sergeants and privates - participants in the Victory Parade.

For the good preparation and organization of the Victory Parade, I express my gratitude to:

To the commander of the troops of the Moscow Military District and the head of the Moscow garrison, Colonel General Artemyev;

To the commanders of the combined regiments:

• Karelian Front - Major General Kalinovsky
• Leningrad Front - Major General Stuchenko
• 1st Baltic Front - Lieutenant General Lopatin
• 3rd Belorussian Front - Lieutenant General Koshevoy
• 2nd Belorussian Front - Lieutenant General Erastov
• 1st Belorussian Front - Lieutenant General Rosly
• 1st Ukrainian Front - Major General Baklanov
• 4th Ukrainian Front - Lieutenant General Bondarev
• 2nd Ukrainian Front - Lieutenant General Afonin
• 3rd Ukrainian Front - Lieutenant General Biryukov
• People's Commissariat of the Navy - Vice Admiral Fadeev.

Supreme Commander
Marshal of the Soviet Union I. Stalin